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　　In order to continuously optimize the business environment and create a fair, just and open sunshine trading platform, according to the unified deployment of the Municipal Public Administration Bureau, after the implementation of the electronic license pilot project, Baohe District also piloted an online expert scoring monitoring system to optimize the public resource trading process by means of information technology.

　　The first is scientific planning and system assistance.The expert scoring monitoring system mainly monitors experts’ subjective sub-evaluation, establishes a mathematical model system through system big data analysis, and makes comparative analysis from multiple dimensions such as scoring difference between experts themselves and experts. When the score deviation rate reaches the preset value of the system or the maximum score difference between the highest and lowest scores, the system will trigger an early warning, and the expert’s score will not be included in the calculation of the summary score of subjective sub-evaluation.

　　Second, the indicators are detailed and close to reality.Combined with the past project experience, the score summary level will be further lowered from the original second-level evaluation index to the bottom third-level evaluation index, and the scoring results will be more detailed, minimizing the impact of experts’ abnormally high and low scoring on the evaluation results.

　　The third is to actively pilot and explore first.Since the end of April, the expert scoring monitoring system has been used on a trial basis in the construction project and the public bidding project of goods and services related to the project using the comprehensive evaluation method in Baohe District. Up to now, there are five monitoring projects using judges’ scoring in Baohe District, among which the supervision of the renovation of old residential areas in Baohe District in 2022 (18 residential areas such as Agricultural Broadcasting School) has completed the bid opening and evaluation, and the judges’ scoring triggers the removal of conditions, and the system removes the judges’ scoring with the largest scoring difference for final calculation. Comparing the final results with those without scoring monitoring system, it is found that the final ranking of the project has changed, which reasonably standardized the scoring behavior of the judges.

　　In the next step, Baohe District will timely summarize the feedback pilot experience and provide practical exploration and experience accumulation for the comprehensive application of expert scoring monitoring system in the whole city.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Valletta, May 5th(International observation) EU sanctions stick to Russian oil, European economy may be more hurt.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Chen Wenxian Li Jizhi

　　On the 4th, the European Commission formally submitted a new round of sanctions, including an oil embargo on Russia, and once again swung the sanctions stick at the Russian energy sector. The analysis believes that once the oil embargo is imposed on Russia, the European energy crisis will further deepen, ordinary families will bear higher energy bills, and the operating costs of related industries will also be raised, which will lead to an increase in the risk of European economic stagflation.

　　The energy crisis worsened.

　　The proposal of the sixth round of sanctions against Russia submitted by the European Commission on the 4th includes a total ban on the import of Russian oil by the end of this year, that is, the EU will gradually phase out Russian crude oil within six months and Russian refined oil by the end of this year.

　　After the EU announced on April 8 that it would stop importing Russian coal from August, the EU once again "cut the knife" to Russian energy to achieve the goal of greatly reducing its dependence on Russian energy. At present, about 40% of natural gas, about 30% of oil and slightly less than 20% of coal imported by the EU come from Russia, and Russian energy plays an important role in the EU energy consumption market and economic development.

　　Sanctions against Russian oil are a "double-edged sword" for the EU. While Russia’s oil revenue is greatly reduced, it is difficult for the EU to seek alternative sources from the already tight international market in a short time, and its own energy crisis will intensify.

　　Russia expects oil production to drop by about 17% this year. Market analysts believe that the reduction of Russian oil production will make the global oil supply more tense and aggravate market worries, and oil prices are expected to soar again.

　　Michael Holstein, chief economist of the German Central Cooperative Bank, believes that the oil embargo against Russia may continue to push up oil prices in the next few months, and the German inflation rate may remain at a high level for a long time.

　　There are obvious internal differences

　　Just as EU member states hold different opinions on Russian natural gas "ruble settlement order", countries also have differences on sanctions against Russian oil. There has been a heated debate within the EU for some time, but the final plan has not yet been fully agreed, and there are certain variables in the details of the plan.

　　Since the escalation of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the EU has repeatedly expressed its desire to "get rid of" Russian oil and gas in the round after round of sanctions, but it is quite difficult for the EU to really do this.

　　The sanctions against the Russian oil embargo need to be unanimously agreed by 27 member States before it can take effect. Ursula von der Leyen, president of the European Commission, admitted that it was not easy to pass the proposal because some member countries were highly dependent on Russian energy. At present, Hungary, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, etc. all said that they could not find alternative sources quickly and needed a long transition period.

　　Gullyas Gergely, Minister of the Hungarian Prime Minister’s Office, said that Hungary was "ready to veto" the relevant proposal, and it would take about five years and cost "a lot of money" to switch oil and gas sources.

　　Stagflation risk intensifies

　　Soaring energy prices, record high inflation and supply chain shortage have aggravated the risk of stagflation in Europe, which will hinder the recovery after the COVID-19 outbreak. According to Eurostat data, the euro zone economy grew by only 0.2% in the first quarter, while the inflation rate was as high as 7.5% in April.

　　The report of Bruggaier Institute, a Belgian think tank, said that the embargo on Russian oil would have negative consequences for the EU, at least in the short term, causing losses to the EU and the whole world economy.

　　Sarah Mathieu, a member of the European Parliament, said that these sanctions will not only harm the Russian economy, but also "affect the housing, jobs and wallets of EU people", which may increase social inequality, push up unemployment and aggravate energy poverty.

　　Eugenio Pinto, a professor of economics at Rome International Free University of Social Sciences, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency that if countries that are highly dependent on Russian energy stop importing Russian energy, they will be forced to adopt an energy quota system and their economic recovery will come to a standstill.

　　Peter Adrian, president of the German Chamber of Commerce and Industry, said that rising oil prices will increase the financial pressure of enterprises, especially for energy-intensive industrial and logistics enterprises. In extreme cases, enterprises may be forced to close down for cost reasons.

　　Molditz Jobaugh, research director of Eurasian Center of Hungarian john von neumann University, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency a few days ago that sanctions alone will not help to solve the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, and negotiations must be held, because it is not a good solution to completely cut off diplomatic, economic and commercial ties with Russia. (Participating in reporters: Chen Hao, Zhu Xi, Chen Zhanjie)

　　Editor’s note:It’s the Dragon Boat Festival again. Dragon Boat Festival is an important traditional festival in our country. In this festival, people either row dragon boats, make zongzi, hang calamus and insert mugwort, or take part in cultural activities and punch cards for tourism, so as to inherit the humanistic strength, cultivate the feelings of home and country and show the confidence of national culture in a traditional or fashionable way. This newspaper has launched the column @ Dragon Boat Festival Moment from now on, focusing on the wonderful moments of celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival holiday in all parts of our province. Please make a note.

　　Anji dragon boat race between mountains and rivers

　　Zhejiang Online June 23rd (Reporter Li Shichao Sharing Alliance Huzhou Xuchao)On the afternoon of 22nd, the Dragon Boat Race of the 5th National Fitness Festival in Huzhou in 2023 was held in Fu Shi Cun, Xiaofeng Town, Anji County. Eleven dragon boat teams from all over Huzhou competed fiercely, attracting a large number of spectators to watch the race.

On June 22nd, in the green hills of Anji Fu Shi Cun, the dragon boat teams chased each other. Photographer Zhang Hui photo

　　"Knock, knock …" With the sonorous sound of drums, the dragon boat players struggled to paddle in unison. Dragon boats rush out of the starting point like arrows leaving the string, and you chase after me and cut the waves, putting on a good show of "speed and passion" on the water. The exciting competition also ignited the enthusiasm of watching the game on both sides of the strait, and the cheers and cheers came one after another, which was very lively.

　　"Every year, I will participate in the Dragon Boat Festival. This year, there is an Asian Games, which feels very different." After the game, Lu Hongquan, a member of Shuijingjing Nanxun Dragon Boat Team, said.

　　Shi Cun is endowed with rich landscapes and pleasant scenery. "With the unique natural resources, we have been unable to find a transformation path, and the village collective income has always been very single." Zhang Wenze, secretary of the General Party Branch of Fu Shi Cun and director of the village committee, said that until 2019, the first dragon boat race was held in the village, which made the number of tourists in the village exceed 10,000.

　　After that, Fu Shi Cun held a dragon boat race every year, and the village also set up its own dragon boat team, rescue team, training team and cheerleading team, showing a strong atmosphere in which all members participated in the dragon boat race. This year, the village created the theme activity of "Fun Stone Tour Xixi" in the crazy water-splashing season. During the whole summer water-splashing season, special water projects such as kayaking and paddle board were introduced to create a rural water park to attract tourists and promote the village’s collective income.

　　Spend a holiday in Jiaojiang Art Museum

　　Zhejiang Online June 23 rd(Reporter Chen Jiuren Sharing Alliance Jiaojiang Zhao Yang) On the evening of 22nd, the Jiaojiang Art Museum in Wenchuang Garden, Laoliangfang, Taizhou City was brightly lit, and people came to see the exhibition, listen to songs and go shopping in an endless stream. The first wonderful night activity of the art museum in Jiaojiang District is in full swing.

On June 22nd, a child was experiencing in the 3D painting area of Jiaojiang Art Museum in Taizhou. Sharing Alliance Jiaojiang Bailu Photo

　　In the art gallery, a large art exhibition is on display. On the floor of the exhibition hall on the third floor, two huge 3D realistic paintings attract people to stop and take photos.

　　The lobby on the first floor of the art museum is full of children waiting to draw. Luo Pujian, president of Taizhou Cartoonist Association, and other four painters are painting comic portraits for the public.

　　A lawn concert is being held at the Little Square outside the art museum. Next to it are experience activities such as printmaking, pottery, flower arrangement and paper cutting.

　　"I hope there will be more such literary and artistic activities." Fan Fan, a citizen of Jiaojiang, specially came to see the exhibition with his son. Rich activities, let them have fun.

　　According to reports, Taizhou Laoliangfang Wenchuang Park is a gathering place for creative design shops and a popular gathering place for Jiaojiang Night Economy. This year, Jiaojiang District launched the weekend art museum tour, with the art museum as the core, to create a normalized art activity that integrates teaching, interaction and display, and integrates garden and market.

　　Yiwu foreigners go into battle to make dumplings.

　　Zhejiang Online June 23 rd(Reporter Li Jiao Yan correspondent Fu Bolin) On the morning of the 22nd, the New Era Civilization Practice Institute in beiyuan street, Yiwu was very lively. The Neighborhood Festival "Chinese and foreign families welcome the Asian Games from" righteousness "and" Zongzi "is held here. More than 10 foreign friends from Pakistani, Israeli, Indian and other countries gathered with five groups of China families to appreciate the charm of China’s traditional culture.

　　At the event site, Chinese and foreign friends immersed themselves in traditional folk customs such as dumplings, throwing pots and paper-cutting, and felt the beauty of Chinese culture. All of them had a great time. "This is my first time to participate in folk experience activities with China residents." Mimi, a foreign teacher in Yiwu, talked about her feelings about the Dragon Boat Festival, and thought that the traditional culture of China was very attractive, hoping to have a better understanding. As the highlight of this activity, the experience of making zongzi has become the most popular activity. The green leaves, white glutinous rice and long zongzi lines have stumped many foreign friends. Volunteers and China family members teach foreign friends how to make zongzi.

　　"I hope that through this activity, more people will understand the traditional culture of China and feel the charm." The relevant person in charge of beiyuan street said. It is reported that beiyuan street has become a civilized person by building a "15-minute civilized practice service circle" with global coverage and ready access. Focusing on the theme of "Our Festival", it has concentrated on developing civilized practice in the new era, and is committed to creating a beautiful, harmonious and livable living environment for residents, spreading civilized ideas and carrying forward the new trend of the times.

　　[car home Engine Analysis] Today, with the increasing popularity of electric vehicles, many manufacturers are still insisting on the development of internal combustion engines. After all, in the domestic and even global markets, oil vehicles still have an irreplaceable position in many application scenarios. Speaking of SAIC MAXUS, many consumers may immediately think of their hard-core SUVs, pickup trucks and RV products, and today it is from SAIC MAXUS Xuanyuan Power that we want to talk about.

　　Speaking of diesel engines, in the traditional cognition of many consumers, diesel engines have the advantages of durable leather, high torque, low fuel consumption, etc., and are suitable for use on complex roads, climbing hills, heavy loads, etc., so they are also the first choice for many hard-core off-road vehicles. However, noise, pollution and other problems have also discouraged many consumers. What changes can diesel engines make in the hands of SAIC Chase engineers?

What is SAIC Chase Xuanyuan Power Technology?

　　The brand-new SUV territory of SAIC Chase MAXUS is equipped with the first diesel light hybrid power technology in Asia, which combines a 2.0T SAIC π Bi-Turbo double supercharged diesel engine, a ZF 8AT automatic transmission and a 48V hybrid architecture. The technology is named "SAIC Chase Xuanyuan Power Technology", and this diesel engine has also won the reputation of "Top Ten Engines of China Heart" in 2020.

2.0T SAIC π Bi-Turbo Dual Supercharged Diesel Engine

　　As one of the top ten engines of the year, this 2.0T twin-supercharged engine has its own good skills, and it is also the core of this Xuanyuan power. Let’s take a look at what "black technologies" it has.

　　The vehicle adopts WGT+VGT two-stage turbocharger, which is adjusted by three vacuum valves to realize the free switching between high and low pressure stages, and has three working modes, namely, the low-speed stage uses small blades, the middle-speed stage uses two blades at the same time, and the high-speed stage uses large blades, which improves the engine efficiency. When the engine speed is 1000rpm, the turbine will intervene and reach the maximum torque output at 1500rpm, which will increase the low-speed torque and power of the vehicle by 15% and 30%.

　　The water-air intercooler adopts water cooling and air cooling at the same time. Under the same air-fuel ratio, the engine power will increase by 3%~5% for every 10℃ drop in the temperature of pressurized air.

　　At the same time, this engine also applies the intelligent single-axis continuous variable vortex control valve for the first time. When the engine is in high working condition, the control valve will open a relatively flat intake port, so that air can enter the engine cylinder quickly and smoothly. When the engine is under low load, the control valve will open the air passage with spiral cross section to help the air entering the engine cylinder produce better vortex effect, so that the pressure difference of each cylinder can be less than 3%, and the air intake can be more uniform, thus making the combustion of each cylinder of the engine stable, achieving smoother power output, and reducing the emission of particles and carbon monoxide and fuel consumption.

　　This diesel engine adopts a two-stage variable oil pump, which can adjust the oil pump flow in real time according to different speed loads while meeting the oil pressure demand. Low-pressure mode is adopted at medium-low speed and medium-low load; When there is a high speed and high load demand, the high pressure mode is adopted. Through adjustment, the oil pump can run at the lowest energy consumption, thus reducing fuel consumption. Through the NEDC (New European Cycle Test) cycle test, the fuel consumption of the whole vehicle can be reduced by 2~3%;

　　In addition, this diesel engine is equipped with a double-shaft balancing mechanism and a double-loop EGR system, in which the balancing shaft is asymmetrically arranged to balance the engine covering torque, which greatly reduces the second-order vibration, makes the engine run more smoothly, and also reduces vibration and noise. The dual-loop EGR system can reduce the warm-up time, reduce fuel consumption and improve the heating effect of air conditioning. (EGR is the full name of exhaust gas recirculation system. By re-injecting some exhaust gas into the engine cylinder, the combustible mixture is diluted and the combustion efficiency is reduced, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the working temperature of the engine, reducing Nox emission and reducing urea consumption. )

　　In addition to the above, this diesel engine also adopts Bosch’s ultra-high pressure fuel injection system, which can obtain more accurate fuel supply control, and crankshaft offset technology, which can effectively reduce the running noise and wear of the engine piston. At the same time, a number of NVH optimizations have been carried out.

48V light mixing system

? The 48V light mixing system of the vehicle adopts Valeo 48 BSG motor, with special bidirectional tensioner, and the gear train speed ratio is as high as three times, which further amplifies the output torque of 48V BSG and effectively improves the low-speed torque characteristics of diesel power. When the 48V battery is charged, the engine is started by BSG, and the vehicle starts more smoothly, the starting time is shortened from the traditional 0.6 seconds to 0.3 seconds, and the starting noise is reduced by 10-15 dB. With the assistance of the motor, the torque of the power system is increased by more than 30%, and the starting acceleration of the vehicle below the medium and small throttle of 30%-50% is increased by more than 33%; 0-100km/h acceleration time is shortened by 0.4 seconds.

　　In addition to performance, fuel economy has been further improved. Under high-speed working conditions, the surplus torque of the engine drives the 48V motor to charge and store energy. The fuel consumption under WLTC can be saved by 8%, while Nox emission can be reduced by more than 50% in RDE test at most.

The first China Cross-border E-commerce Fair was held in Fuzhou, Fujian this year. Buyers learned about the products on display in front of a 3C product booth. Xinhua News Agency reporter Lin Shanchuan photo

Starting from September, the parcels collected through the warehouses in Yiwu or Shenzhen’s core industrial belt can fly directly to Southeast Asian destinations from the nearest air port. "Most parcels can be delivered door-to-door in 3 days, and can be delivered to consumers within 48 hours at the earliest.".

This is the cross-border express logistics service from China to Xinmatai officially launched by Best International in China International Fair for Trade in Services in 2021 not long ago. The business accurately points to the trend of multi-polarization of cross-border e-commerce in Southeast Asia, showing that China’s cross-border e-commerce continues to maintain a good momentum and has become a new fulcrum in the rapid growth of foreign trade.

"From January to June this year, the import and export volume of cross-border e-commerce was 886.7 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 28.6%." At the Cross-border E-commerce Forum of "2021 China E-commerce Conference" held recently, Zhang Li, deputy director of the Foreign Trade Department of the Ministry of Commerce, said that cross-border e-commerce has become a new foreign trade format with the fastest development, the greatest potential and the strongest leading role in China.

Stimulate market vitality

In recent years, under the background of the deep integration of the Internet and economic globalization, the global trade format has undergone major changes, and the new economic form of "digital trade" represented by cross-border e-commerce has achieved rapid development from scratch and from small to large.

Zhang Dawei, vice chairman and secretary general of China International Economic Exchange Center, said recently that China’s series of measures to support the development of cross-border e-commerce have greatly stimulated the market vitality of cross-border e-commerce, played a pulling role in the global cross-border e-commerce market, and enabled countless small and medium-sized enterprises and practitioners to directly integrate into the global industrial chain supply chain and directly enter the global consumer market.

"Cross-border e-commerce is favored by consumers around the world with its unique advantages of low cost, high efficiency and breakthrough in time and space." Hong Yong, an associate researcher at the E-commerce Research Institute of the Ministry of Commerce, said that in recent years, the scale of cross-border electronic commerce transactions in China has continued to grow, and it has become a new kinetic energy for foreign trade development, a new channel for transformation and upgrading, and a new starting point for high-quality development.

Sang Baichuan, president of university of international business and economics Institute of International Economics, believes that with the help of the Internet platform, new trade modes such as cross-border e-commerce have greatly satisfied the information symmetry between the supply and demand sides, and also improved the efficiency of bilateral trade. At the same time, because China’s product system is complete, it can provide products to other countries on a large scale and in a concentrated way, reducing import and export costs, thus meeting the needs of consumers and investors. It can be said that a large number of products with high quality and good price are also the reasons for the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce in China.

Last year, when the COVID-19 epidemic had a profound impact on the global supply chain and traditional economic and trade activities, cross-border e-commerce in China bucked the trend, achieving an annual import and export volume of 1.69 trillion yuan, up 31.1% year-on-year, nearly 10 times the scale five years ago, which strongly supported the growth of China’s import and export trade. In July this year, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Accelerating the Development of New Foreign Trade Forms and Models", which once again released major favorable policies in the field of cross-border e-commerce.

Improve the institutional framework

Since 2015, China has set up 105 cross-border e-commerce comprehensive experimental zones in five batches, covering basically the whole country. The scale of the "experimental field" where cross-border e-commerce is tried first has been continuously expanded, and the development pattern of land and sea linkage and two-way mutual assistance between east and west has been further improved.

"The Ministry of Commerce and other departments have formed nearly 70 mature experiences and practices through active exploration, and built a cross-border e-commerce system framework with’ six systems and two platforms’ as the core." Hong Yong said that, for example, China’s customs declaration mode of "list verification and summary statistics" has improved customs clearance efficiency, and cross-border e-commerce tax preferential policies such as approved collection have greatly reduced the burden on enterprises. The scope of cross-border e-commerce B2B export supervision pilot and retail import pilot continued to expand. The list of cross-border e-commerce retail imports was further optimized to better meet domestic consumer demand. In addition, a series of regulations on the management of cross-border e-commerce import and export returns have been issued, which makes it more convenient for consumers to return goods.

According to Wei Hao, a professor at the School of Economics and Business Administration of Beijing Normal University and director of the Department of International Economics and Trade, the support policies for cross-border e-commerce should focus on the pain points and difficulties in the development of cross-border e-commerce and put forward pragmatic measures that meet the expectations of enterprises. "We must not only solve the short-term problems that restrict development, but also pay attention to the improvement of infrastructure and mechanisms for long-term development."

In the short term, we should attach great importance to the construction of overseas warehouses, focus on strengthening subject cultivation, promoting digital development, strengthening standard construction and improving overseas warehouse network, and support the construction of overseas warehouses with various investment and financing methods and increasing export credit insurance. In addition, it is necessary to constantly improve the management policies for cross-border e-commerce import and export returns and ease the operating pressure of enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises.

In the long run, it is necessary to study and formulate intellectual property protection policies for cross-border e-commerce, improve various support policies such as finance and taxation, vigorously cultivate large-scale international logistics enterprises, explore the construction of overseas logistics intelligent platforms, build independent large-scale international e-commerce platforms, and strengthen infrastructure construction, so as to lay a solid foundation for the long-term development of cross-border e-commerce.

Dealing with development risks

At present, China’s cross-border e-commerce has also encountered some bottlenecks in its overseas development. Due to the different laws, cultures and business habits of different countries, cross-border e-commerce businesses will encounter various risks and challenges.

"This is an inevitable problem in the development of the industry." Hong Yong said that some cross-border e-commerce merchants were forced to be removed from the cross-border e-commerce platform on a large scale because they were suspected of violating the rules of the platform by brushing bills and comments. In addition, affected by the rebound of COVID-19 epidemic, the international shipping price has been rising, and the profits of cross-border e-commerce enterprises have also been severely squeezed.

"These problems highlight the unstable foundation for the stable development, rapid development and long-term development of cross-border e-commerce in China, the imperfect mechanism and system, and the development environment still needs to be optimized." Wei Hao believes that the main reasons for these problems are the lack of independent e-commerce platform, especially the support of a large platform with a large international market share, insufficient international logistics and transportation capacity suitable for the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce, insufficient understanding of relevant rules in developed countries such as Europe and the United States, need to pay more attention to intellectual property protection, and lack of awareness and ability to deal with international risks.

Wei Hao said that we should speed up the construction of cross-border e-commerce online integrated service platform to reduce the burden on enterprises and improve efficiency; It is necessary to attach great importance to regulatory issues such as risk prevention and control, standardize the development of the industry, and enhance the ability of the industry to cope with risks; Steadily promote the construction of cross-border e-commerce comprehensive experimental zone, provide a leading role for the future development of cross-border e-commerce, and actively copy and promote the mature experience and practices of cross-border e-commerce comprehensive experimental zone to the whole country.

Speaking of the future development of cross-border e-commerce, Hong Yong believes that we should focus on the functions of overseas warehouses, the protection of intellectual property rights and the establishment of international rules for cross-border e-commerce. At present, most overseas warehouses do not have the functions of providing customs clearance services, supply chain financial services, after-sales services and personalized services. At the same time, some products of cross-border e-commerce sellers involved in intellectual property infringement, which also affected the overall image of China sellers to some extent. Due to the different development priorities and interests of cross-border e-commerce in different countries, no unified international rules for cross-border e-commerce have yet been formed. China should actively participate in international exchanges and rules exploration of cross-border e-commerce, and launch the "China Program" for cross-border e-commerce in the multi-bilateral cooperation mechanism. (Reporter Feng Qiyu Ji Leilei)

CCTV News:The reporter learned from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on December 6 that China will adopt more policies and measures to increase the cooperation between the two major industries of automobiles and integrated circuits, aim at the continuous efforts of automobile chips, and further promote the high-quality development of the industry.

The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said that the automobile is an important carrier of multi-technology centralized application and cross-domain integration and innovation. A car consists of more than 20,000 large and small parts, and the chip occupying the smallest space is an indispensable core device of the car. China will increase the cooperation between the automobile and integrated circuit industries to ensure the safety and stability of the automobile chip industry chain, and at the same time promote high-level international open cooperation.

The reporter learned that China has built an online docking platform for supply and demand, researched and set up special insurance products for automobile chips, compiled guidelines for the construction of automobile chip standard system, and taken various measures to ensure the safety and stability of the automobile chip industry chain. Experts from China Automobile Industry Association said that with the accelerated iteration of automotive electrification, intelligence and networking technology, the usage, value and importance of chips are increasing, and China has the ability to cultivate the corresponding automobile chip industry.

Ministry of Transport: Accelerate the construction of smart ports and smart waterways.

Recently, the Ministry of Transport issued the Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Smart Ports and Smart Waterways (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions). By 2027, China will build a number of world-class smart ports and smart waterways.

The "Opinions" clarify that it is necessary to play a leading role in the pilot work of building a strong transportation country and promote the construction of a number of smart ports and smart waterway demonstration projects. Deepen the pilot application of intelligent transportation, and continue to support the pilot of horizontal container transportation and automatic driving of collection and distribution in ports. At the same time, transportation authorities at all levels should actively strive for policy support for the construction of smart ports and smart waterways, and promote the establishment of a diversified fund guarantee mechanism. Strengthen the protection of talents, and promote the construction of various talent teams such as planning, consulting, design, construction, operation and network security of smart ports and smart waterways. And carry out follow-up evaluation on the completion of the target and the implementation of the task.

At present, the construction of smart ports and smart waterways in China still faces some problems and shortcomings. For example, the depth and breadth of digital intelligent application need to be expanded, the level of self-control of key core technologies needs to be further improved, the standardization and market promotion of terminal production management systems are still insufficient, the information interaction of multi-step shiplocks is not smooth, and the degree of intelligent waterway maintenance management is not high.

According to the Opinions, by 2027, the digitalization of port and waterway infrastructure, the level of production, operation and management, and the intelligence of external services will be comprehensively improved, and a number of world-class smart ports and smart waterways will be built. Intelligent perception networks have been basically built for containers of 100,000 tons and above in international hub seaports, bulk cargo terminals, high-grade inland waterways such as Yangtze River trunk lines and Xijiang shipping trunk lines. Construction and renovation of a number of automated container terminals and dry bulk terminals. Comprehensively improve the electronicization rate of major port operation documents. Accelerate the construction of inland river electronic waterway map, basically realize the joint dispatching of inter-provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) waterways in navigation structure, and comprehensively improve the intelligent level of public information services of inland river high-grade waterways.

Further consolidate and enhance the international dominant position of textile industry

Recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Commerce and the State Administration of Markets jointly issued the Implementation Plan for Upgrading and Upgrading the Textile Industry (2023— 2025). The plan proposes that by 2025, substantial progress will be made in the construction of a modern textile industry system, the operating income of textile enterprises above designated size will increase steadily, the quality and efficiency of development will remain at a good level, and the international dominant position of the textile industry will be further consolidated and enhanced.

According to the plan, by 2025, the innovation capability of textile industry will be continuously enhanced, and the investment intensity of R&D funds of textile enterprises above designated size will reach 1.3%. Intelligent manufacturing has been accelerated, and 70% of textile enterprises above designated size have basically realized digital networking. The industrial structure is more optimized, and the self-sufficiency rate of high-performance fibers, high-end textile equipment and strategic industrial textiles basically meets the demand. Brand building has been further promoted, and 20 world-renowned corporate brands and regional brands have been formed, and the fashion leading power has been further enhanced. The green and low-carbon recycling development system has been improved, the consumption of energy and water resources per unit industrial added value has been further reduced, the emission intensity of major pollutants has been continuously reduced, and the quality and scale of recycling of waste textiles have been continuously improved.

The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the announcement of the third batch of national livestock and poultry genetic resources protection units

Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the announcement of the third batch of national livestock and poultry genetic resources protection units, and 10 newly identified livestock and poultry genetic resources protection units were included in the national livestock and poultry genetic resources protection system.

These 10 protection units of livestock and poultry genetic resources include 8 conservation farms, 1 reserve and 1 gene bank. Among them, seven national-level livestock and poultry genetic resources conservation farms, protected areas and tussah gene banks, including Lanzhou big-tailed sheep, Minxian black fur sheep, Leizhou goat, Chakou Yima, Jinyang silky fowl, short-legged fowl and Minqing hairy fowl, have been established for the first time. So far, the national livestock and poultry genetic resources protection system has achieved full coverage of 159 national-level livestock and poultry genetic resources protection varieties.

Since 2021, the agricultural and rural areas have identified 227 national-level livestock and poultry genetic resources protection units in three batches, including 191 seed conservation farms, 25 protected areas and 11 gene banks, covering 159 national-level livestock and poultry genetic resources protection varieties and artificially bred silkworms and tussahs, and defining the protection subjects of each variety one by one.

The National Development and Reform Commission released the first batch of peak carbon dioxide emissions pilot lists.

On December 6th, the National Development and Reform Commission announced that 25 cities including Zhangjiakou and 10 parks including Changzhi High-tech Industrial Development Zone were the first batch of pilot cities and parks in peak carbon dioxide emissions.

According to the deployment of "peak carbon dioxide emissions Action Plan before 2030", the central government will increase its support for local governments to promote peak carbon dioxide emissions, select a number of typical cities and parks to carry out pilot construction in peak carbon dioxide emissions, give support to pilot cities and parks in terms of policies, funds and technology, accelerate the transformation of green and low carbon, and provide operational, replicable and popularized experiences and practices for the whole country. The first batch of pilot cities and parks are located in 15 provinces and regions including Jiangsu, Henan, Heilongjiang and Xinjiang. It is understood that pilot cities and parks should plan and put forward pilot construction tasks in key areas such as energy, industry, energy conservation, construction and transportation according to the "double carbon" work deployment of the country and the region.

　　Cctv newsOn April 23rd, 2020, the State Council Press Office held a press conference to introduce the development of intellectual property rights in China in 2019 and answer questions from reporters.

　　The reporter asked what new progress has been made in the construction of China’s intellectual property operation system in 2019.

　　Shen Changyu, director of China National Intellectual Property Administration, said that intellectual property work is a chain, which includes creation, protection, application, management and service. Creation is the source, application is the purpose, protection is the core and management is the key. Among them, application is a very important purpose of intellectual property, and it is a key link to promote the realization of intellectual property value and promote economic innovation and development. Relevant statistics show that in recent years, China’s comprehensive development index of intellectual property rights has been continuously improved, and the application of intellectual property rights has made remarkable progress.

　　In 2019, the number of patent transfer, licensing and pledge operations nationwide reached 307,000, a year-on-year increase of 21.3%. The amount of patent and trademark pledge financing reached 151.5 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 23.8%. The turnover of technology contracts involving intellectual property rights in China reached 928.69 billion yuan, up 137.7% year-on-year. A number of intellectual property operation projects and platforms are also accelerating. By the end of 2019, the number of key cities for the construction of intellectual property operation service system has increased to 26, and 9 national intellectual property operation platforms have listed 121,000 pieces of various intellectual property rights, with 284,000 registered users. The construction of intellectual property operation system has achieved new results.

Double 11 has passed, and the upcoming Double 12 is the last shopping carnival this year, which may also be the last opportunity to buy a machine this year.

However, many students may have no choice in the face of hundreds of notebooks on the market. In fact, for students, if they don’t play games, if they only meet the needs of online classes, office, study and online entertainment, they can actually buy a notebook with good quality at a very cheap price.

Next, we will introduce you to four thin and light books, including the 11th generation Celeron processor and the 10th generation i3 processor+high color gamut 2.2K screen. Their prices are only 1699 yuan at the cheapest and 2299 yuan at the most expensive.

1. Climb MaxBook P1X 15.6 inches: 1699 yuan.

Climbing MaxBook P1X is an upgraded version of MaxBook P1. The biggest change is that the memory has been upgraded from 8GB of P1 to 12GB. This capacity should last for many years if it is purely office. At the same time of upgrading, the price has also decreased. At present, it only needs 1699 yuan to get it.

The A and D sides of Climbing MaxBook P1 notebook are made of magnesium-aluminum alloy, and the B side is made of tempered glass, with a 15.6-inch IPS screen and an IPS HD screen with a resolution of 1920*1080. The overall net weight is 1.6kg.

In terms of configuration, it is equipped with J4125 quad-core processor, 12GB DDR4 memory and 256GB M.2 SSD. Built-in lithium polymer battery with capacity of 5000mAH can support 8 hours of web video battery life when fully charged.

These years, notebooks with numeric keypads are rarely seen.

Climbing MaxBook P1 notebook is equipped with J4125 quad-core processor, code-named Gemini Lake. It adopts 4-core and 4-thread design, with basic frequency of 2.0GHz and acceleration frequency of 2.7GHz, integrated with UHD600 core display, and TDP of 10W.

In terms of performance, the multithreading score of J4125 processor CineBench R15 is 286cb, which is higher than that of i3 7100U’s 260cb. Therefore, the performance of this processor is sufficient for office, entertainment or online classes.

Climb MaxBook P1X Purchase Link: https://item.jd.com/100015147663.html

2. Climb MaxBook P2 15.6 inches: 1,749 yuan.

If you think that the 10th generation Celeron J4125 processor can’t meet your requirements, then climbing MaxBook P2 15.6-inch notebook is very suitable for you.

The current price of this climbing MaxBook P2 is 2149, and the spike price of the 12.12 event is only 2119 yuan.

Climbing MaxBook P2 15.6-inch notebook adopts the 11th generation Celeron N5100 processor, and its manufacturing process has been upgraded to the latest 10nm, with a fundamental frequency of 1.1GHz and an acceleration frequency as high as 2.8GHz. It supports dual-channel LPDDR4 2400MHz memory, and the TDP is only 6W.

As an upgraded version of Climbing MaxBook P1, Climbing MaxBook P2 15.6-inch notebook has gone further in thinness while maintaining the same screen size. The thickest part of the notebook body is only 16.8mm, with a net weight of 1.5kg, and the full-size numeric keypad has also been retained.

Another point is that this notebook supports fingerprint unlocking. At present, only climbing computers can support fingerprint unlocking in notebooks below 3,000 yuan.

In other aspects, the notebook can use PD charging head, which can be used as mobile phone fast charging, built-in dual-frequency Wi-Fi and 6000mAh lithium polymer battery.

Purchase link: https://item.jd.com/10036063532026.html

3. Climbing SmartBook P1 Pro+ 13.5-inch notebook: 2,299 yuan.

Climbing SmartBook series notebooks are high-quality and light-weight notebooks created by climbing computers for the mainstream market.

Climbing the SmartBook P1 Pro+ notebook is made of magnesium-aluminum alloy to create an extremely thin body, and the thickest part of the notebook is only 1.74cm with a net weight of 1.4kg. The screen is a 3: 2 13.5-inch IPS display with 100%sRGB color gamut, 300nit brightness, 2256×1504 resolution and pixels per inch 201PPI.

This notebook adopts the 10th generation i3 1005G1 processor, and is manufactured based on 10nm process technology. The basic frequency is 1.2GHz, the acceleration frequency is 3.4GHz, and the TDP is 15w.

There is no doubt about the performance of the processor based on Ice Lake architecture, and both office and online classes can have a very smooth experience.

In other configurations, Climb SmartBook P1 Pro+ notebook has built-in 8GB memory and 256GB SSD, keyboard supports LED backlight, and 2 gears are adjustable. Fingerprint login and PD charging head are not left behind.

Climbing SmartBook P1 Pro+ notebook is currently holding a promotion on the JD.COM platform, with the original price of 2,999 yuan and the current spike price of 2,699 yuan. Counting the coupons from 200 yuan and the cash back from 200 yuan, the actual hand price is only 2,299 yuan, which is even cheaper than that in double 11, 100 yuan.

Purchase link: https://item.jd.com/10036456826721.html

4. Climb the SmartBook D1 13.3 inch, 10th generation i3 1.18kg2,299 yuan.

The configuration and price of Climbing SmartBook D1 are very similar to Climbing SmartBook P1 Pro+, but the biggest difference is that Climbing Smart Book D1′ s 13.3-inch net weight is only 1.18kg, which is about 0.2kg lighter than that of SmartBook P1 Pro+.

The fuselage of Climbing SmartBook D1 is made of magnesium-aluminum alloy, the thickest part is only 15mm, and the weight is 1.18kg Even girls can easily pick it up.

The screen is a 13.3-inch IPS display with 5mm narrow borders on three sides, with a resolution of 1920*1080 and a 99% sRGB color gamut.

The CPU is also the 10th generation i3 1005G1 processor, which is based on 10nm process technology, with a fundamental frequency of 1.2GHz, an acceleration frequency of 3.4GHz and a TDP of 15w. Meet the daily office and entertainment without any problems.

In addition, there is a storage configuration of 8GB memory+256GB SSD, which supports fingerprint unlocking, and the battery capacity is 47Wh, so it is not a big problem to use it without plugging in for one day.

This notebook is currently being spiked on the JD.COM platform, with a spike price of 2,888 yuan. If you buy it from 20: 00 to 21: 00 on December 11th, you can enjoy the full discount coupon from 200 yuan and the cash-filled red envelopes from 300+100 yuan, and the lowest price is 2,299 yuan.

This should be the cheapest notebook with 10 generations of IceLake processors under 1.2kg weight.

Purchase link: https://item.jd.com/10025061692732.html

– THE END –

Please indicate the source: fast technology.

# Notebook # Double 12# Climb

　　The new Newcastle disease vaccine with gene VII is the first Newcastle disease vaccine with independent intellectual property rights in China, and it is also the first vaccine to effectively prevent and control Newcastle disease in geese, which can simultaneously prevent Newcastle disease in chickens and geese. At the beginning of this year, this achievement won the second prize of the National Technology Invention Award at the 2019 National Science and Technology Awards Conference.

　　Leading this work is Liu Xiufan, an academician of China Academy of Engineering and a professor at Yangzhou University. He believes that human health, animal health and ecological environment health are a whole, and we need to practice the concept of "one health".

　　Half a century of scientific research, "fighting" with animal diseases

　　Liu Xiufan, who is 79 years old this year, still shows amazing scientific research creativity. He graduated from Subei Agricultural College in 1965, majoring in veterinary medicine, and has been "fighting" with animal diseases for more than half a century.

　　One winter day in 1965, three cows "Baobei" of a production team in gaoyou county, Jiangsu Province suffered from organophosphorus pesticide poisoning, which made them seriously ill. After the diagnosis, Liu Xiufan, who just graduated and stayed in school, quickly removed the pesticides from the cattle and gave an antidote. A few days later, the poisoned cow recovered. "This is my first home visit after graduation. Simple farmers will not express their gratitude with too many words, but just hold my hand tightly and refuse to let go." Liu Xiufan said.

　　In 1980, Liu Xiufan was selected by the Ministry of Education to go to the United States for further study, and successively studied veterinary biotechnology at Michigan State University and the Poultry Research Institute of the US Department of Agriculture. "When I first arrived in the United States, the director of the International Exchange Center, who helped me with the formalities, saw my resume and said that you studied veterinary medicine, so he called me Doctor and called other visiting scholars Mister." It was only this little bit unusual that made Liu Xiufan feel very happy at that time: "In foreign countries, veterinary medicine is a very respected profession, and it is great to study veterinary medicine."

　　In addition to taking courses related to veterinary medicine, Liu Xiufan also specializes in the study of monoclonal antibodies against Marek’s disease in chickens. "In the end, I successfully developed a monoclonal antibody against Marek’s disease in chickens, which became the standard reagent for international serotyping." Liu Xiufan said that in less than three years after returning to China, he took the lead in applying monoclonal antibody technology to the research and control of animal diseases. "More than 100 kinds of monoclonal antibodies with different epitopes of seven pathogens such as Marek’s disease virus, Newcastle disease virus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella and avian influenza virus have been developed. The study of monoclonal antibodies not only fills the gap in China, but also reaches the advanced level of similar research in the world. "

　　"Newcastle disease, commonly known as chicken plague, is one of the two most serious infectious diseases that endanger the global poultry industry, just like highly pathogenic avian influenza." Liu Xiufan said that the incidence and mortality of Newcastle disease is as high as 100%, and it has been listed as a legally reported animal disease by the World Organization for Animal Health.

　　Liu Xiufan said that vaccine immunization is an important method to prevent and control Newcastle disease. The infection rate of Newcastle disease virus in chickens in China is high, and all chickens are vaccinated at high frequency. The most widely used is the gene II LaSota vaccine introduced from abroad. "However, since the 1990s, the epidemic characteristics of Newcastle disease in China have changed greatly, and atypical Newcastle disease is still common in chickens vaccinated with LaSota vaccine at high frequency."

　　Grinding a sword in eighteen years to create the first Newcastle disease vaccine in China

　　In the late 1990s, Liu Xiufan’s team launched an epidemiological survey to conduct molecular epidemiological research on Newcastle disease virus in China.

　　"By analyzing the genotypes of more than 1,500 Newcastle disease virus isolates, we first discovered the genome length characteristics of Newcastle disease virus type VII, which proved that more than 95% of the virulent Newcastle disease viruses prevalent in chickens and geese are genotype VII, which has no host specificity and can be cross-infected." Liu Xiufan said.

　　Why does gene ⅶ Newcastle disease virus cause a serious epidemic? Liu Xiufan’s team further revealed the pathogenic mechanism of gene VII Newcastle disease virus. "Gene VII Newcastle disease virus will cause serious damage to the immune organs of chickens and geese, leading to their immunosuppression. The commonly used LaSota vaccine does not match the genotype and antigenicity of gene VII Newcastle disease virus, and its ability to clear the virus is weak, resulting in the frequent occurrence of atypical Newcastle disease in chickens and the outbreak of goose Newcastle disease. " After finding out the culprit, developing a new vaccine as soon as possible has become a top priority for Liu Xiufan.

　　Since 2001, from more than 200 epidemic strains of Newcastle disease virus type VII, the team has screened and obtained a strain with high reproductive titer, strong immunogenicity and good cross-protection in chicken embryos as a donor, constructed an infectious clone containing the full-length genome of the strain, and pioneered the reverse genetic technology platform for directly weakening the virulent Newcastle disease virus type VII in the world, breaking through the technical bottleneck that conventional means cannot weaken the virulent Newcastle disease virus type VII.

　　In 2006, Liu Xiufan’s team successfully invented gene VII Newcastle disease vaccine strain A-NDV-VII, which is the first gene VII vaccine strain in the world and the first Newcastle disease vaccine strain with independent intellectual property rights in China. Compared with the performance parameters of the international common vaccine strain LaSota, the vaccine strain has weaker virulence and better immunogenicity, the titer of antibody produced after immunization is more than 4 times, and the virus removal ability is more than 10 times. It can be used not only for chickens but also for geese. "When the vaccine strain is created, we have the’ seed’ to develop the vaccine." Liu Xiufan said with a smile.

　　Using the invented attenuated strain A-NDV-VII as seed virus, the team developed the first registered inactivated vaccine of Newcastle disease virus type VII in the world, which solved the major problem of Newcastle disease prevention and control in chickens and geese in China. In 2014, the vaccine obtained the national first-class new veterinary drug certificate. Since its introduction, the vaccine has produced and sold a total of 7.51 billion feathers, which has been popularized and applied in 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions across the country, increasing the efficiency of aquaculture enterprises by more than 5 billion yuan and achieving remarkable economic, social and ecological benefits. "We should treat the health of the ecological environment as a whole." Liu Xiufan said.

　　Human beings have gained experience in the struggle against previous plagues.

　　The history of mankind is also a history of fighting the plague. Liu Xiufan said that in history, smallpox, plague, flu and other plagues have claimed hundreds of millions of lives and caused painful disasters to mankind. In the struggle against previous plagues, mankind has gained valuable experience and defeated the epidemic. In recent years, the emerging Nipah virus, SARS virus, MERS virus and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus have attracted great attention and attention. "We may face new viruses in the future."

　　"When dealing with a new virus, we must first take quick emergency measures to control and eliminate the source of infection, cut off the route of virus transmission, protect susceptible groups, and prevent the spread of the virus from expanding." Liu Xiufan said that at the same time, it is necessary to systematically carry out epidemiological research, pathogenic mechanism and immune mechanism research, and carry out joint research to develop new diagnostic methods and effective prevention and control products.

　　Liu Xiufan said that the H7N9 subtype avian influenza virus that appeared after 2013 infected people. The virus was the product of multiple subtype avian influenza viruses, and its internal genes were all derived from H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus. "Although the probability of infection with avian influenza virus in the exposed population is very low, we must strengthen the monitoring of avian influenza virus to prevent the virus from mutating and spreading from person to person, triggering a new influenza epidemic. Therefore, the control of avian influenza is not only economically important, but also plays an important role in public health. "

　　Meeting point reporter Wang Tuo correspondent Lu.

foreword

It has been more than three years since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic; It has been two years since the establishment of the National CDC in May 2021.

Before May, there was little news about the establishment and promotion of provincial disease control bureaus, and the overall work progress was very slow. However, in May this year, especially in the recent period, under the pressure and urging of the relevant state departments, many provinces put up the brands of the disease prevention and control bureaus of their respective provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government before the deadline.

This series of actions and information gives us the feeling that "the brand should be hung out first, and the requirements of this time node should be completed before deadline. As for the three-set plan, internal organization, specific work and other contents, let’s wait for the next node to talk about it slowly. As for the reform of the disease control system, who knows?"

挂个牌子也许是疾控局成立，或者说疾控体系改革最简单的内容了，可是然后呢？疾控体系改革就结束了？疾控体系改革就这些吗？

当然不是，疾控体系改革任重道远，道阻且长，目前疾控体系改革尚没有看到太多的实质性进展，疾控局的成立只是个开始。

疾控体系改革必须以解决其存在的4个主要问题——能力不强、机制不活、动力不足、防治不紧密为导向。这是一个艰难的过程，我们只能在不断的探索和实践中寻找最适合我们的那条疾病预防控制的健康之路。

01、国家疾控局成立过程 　

我们首先把时间拨回新冠疫情发生后的第一个全国两会，2020年全国两会。

2020年5月24日下午，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席最高领袖在参加十三届全国人大三次会议湖北代表团审议时强调，防范化解重大疫情和突发公共卫生风险，事关国家安全和发展，事关社会政治大局稳定。要坚持整体谋划、系统重塑、全面提升，改革疾病预防控制体系，提升疫情监测预警和应急响应能力，健全重大疫情救治体系，完善公共卫生应急法律法规，深入开展爱国卫生运动，着力从体制机制层面理顺关系、强化责任。

In the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, on April 28th, 2021, the State Council appointed and dismissed national staff, and appointed Wang Hesheng, deputy director of the National Health and Wellness Commission, as the director of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention. Subsequently, the National CDC was established, and it took nearly a year before the "three-set plan" of the National CDC was released.

Established by listing:On May 13th, 2021, the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention was officially listed, which belongs to the deputy ministerial level managed by National Health Commission. It will be responsible for formulating policies for the prevention and control of infectious diseases and public health supervision, guiding the construction of disease prevention and control system, planning and guiding the construction of epidemic monitoring and early warning system, guiding the construction of scientific research system for disease control, public health supervision and management, and supervision of infectious diseases, which means that the functions of disease control institutions have changed from simply preventing and controlling diseases to comprehensively maintaining and promoting the health of the whole population.

The "three-set plan" was announced:On February 16th, 2022, China Organization Network published the Provisions on the Functional Allocation, Internal Structure and Staffing of the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention and the Notice of the General Office of the State Council, the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on Adjusting the Functional Allocation, Internal Structure and Staffing of the National Health and Wellness Committee on February 16th, making it clear that the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention is a national bureau under the management of the National Health and Wellness Committee and is a vice-ministerial unit. At the same time, it stipulates the function allocation, internal structure and staffing of the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention, and adjusts the internal structure of the National Health and Wellness Committee.

It only took more than three months for the national medical insurance bureau to go from listing to "three decisions"And in the "transition period" of more than three months, we also made high-profile actions: centralized collection of anticancer drugs and medical insurance access negotiations, management of medicines and medical behaviors, and investigation of management of high-value medical consumables, which frequently caused waves in the industry, and we can’t wait for the announcement of the three-set plan to start the reform process.

The overall progress of the National CDC is in sharp contrast with it:It has been nearly nine months since the listing of the National CDC to the announcement of the final plan, and in these nine months, except for the addition of a deputy director, there is almost no official action of any institution.

02、Establishment process of provincial disease control bureaus 　

At the beginning of the establishment of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Province took the lead in announcing the overall framework for the establishment of provincial, municipal and county disease control bureaus: "Systematically promote the reform of the province’s disease control and prevention system; Establish a provincial-level disease prevention and control bureau, and set up municipal and county-level disease prevention and control bureaus based on the health and health departments at the same level. " In August 2021, Fujian Provincial Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention (to be established) was unveiled in Fuzhou.

In addition, there was almost no progress in the provinces. Until this May, due to various factors, the "deadline" was finally determined.The provincial disease control bureaus are required to complete the listing before the end of May.. Ever since, almost every day, provinces have announced the listing of CDC, and the listing of CDC in various places has accelerated.

It is expected that at the request of relevant departments, the "three-set plan" of the disease control bureaus in cities, counties and districts throughout the province and the disease control bureaus may also be set within 2 months.

03、The ideas and responsibilities of setting up the CDC have been basically clear. 　

Country:The National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention was established. The National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention is a national bureau managed by the National Health and Wellness Committee, with 170 administrative staff at the deputy ministerial level. There are 1 director, 4 deputy directors and 32 deputy directors. There are 10 departments, including comprehensive department, planning, finance and regulation department, monitoring and early warning department, emergency response department, infectious disease prevention and control department, health and immunization planning department, comprehensive supervision department I, comprehensive supervision department II, science, technology, education and international cooperation department (Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan office) and government party committee (personnel department).

Provincial level:According to the central model, the provincial CDC is established, which is generally the deputy department level with different offices, and the director of the CDC is also the deputy director of the Health and Health Commission.

Cities and counties:Under normal circumstances, there is a CDC in the Health and Health Commission, and the director of the CDC is also the deputy director of the Health and Health Commission at the same level.

From the perspective of responsibilities, the main responsibilities of the provincial CDC include:To organize the formulation of draft regulations, policies, plans and standards for the prevention and control of infectious diseases and public health supervision; Leading the professional work of disease control institutions at all levels in the province, organizing the implementation of the national immunization program, overall planning and supervising the disease control work of infectious disease medical institutions and other medical institutions; Planning and guiding the construction of an epidemic monitoring and early warning system for infectious diseases, and being responsible for the work related to the epidemic response of infectious diseases; Cooperate to guide the construction of scientific research system for disease control; Responsible for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, environmental sanitation, school sanitation, public place sanitation, drinking water sanitation supervision and management, occupational hygiene and radiation hygiene supervision.

Judging from the public information, the positions of "chief officers" of provincial CDC can be roughly divided into two categories:In some areas, the former responsible comrades of the Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention were promoted to the director of the Bureau of Disease Control and entered the party group of the Provincial Health and Wellness Committee, and in some areas, the responsible comrades of the Provincial Health and Wellness Committee who were in charge of disease control and prevention were held.

04、There is not much substantial progress in the reform of disease control system. 　

At least for now, there is no substantial progress in the reform of the disease control system.

The listing of CDC has little to do with the main problems of China’s centers for disease control and prevention at present. The establishment of CDC is to sort out the disease prevention and control system to a greater extent, or even to reorganize and adjust the functions within the health care system.There is still a lot of room for efforts to meet the requirements of "persisting in overall planning, reshaping the system, comprehensively improving and reforming the disease prevention and control system".

However, the establishment of the CDC can be regarded as the beginning of the reform of the CDC system. Straightening out the system and mechanism, clarifying the functional orientation, speeding up the reform of the CDC institutions at the provincial, municipal and county levels, solving the main problems existing in the CDC system, and speeding up the improvement of the CDC system have become the next key tasks and tasks put forward by all localities.

At the same time, we can also see that even if there is not much substantive content, it is more about the adjustment and adequacy of departmental functions. The establishment process of the National CDC and local CDC has been slow and difficult, and the reform of the entire CDC system can be imagined.

05、Four key issues in the reform of disease control system 　

Many people inside and outside the industry have said that China’s disease control system has problems such as low treatment and serious brain drain, but in the final analysis,At present, there are four main problems in the prevention and control system of physical diseases in China: weak ability, inflexible mechanism, insufficient motivation and loose prevention and control.

Therefore, in order to make substantial progress in the reform of disease control system, we must start with these four main problems.

1, the ability is not strong

Question:

The ability is not strong, and we don’t have to admit that the ability of disease control system is not strong, especially in some districts and counties, the overall ability is generally not strong, and the personal ability is generally weak.

Because of insufficient preparation or because of the positioning and treatment of grassroots disease control, it is impossible to recruit highly educated talents, resulting in fewer grassroots disease control personnel and fewer professional business personnel, which leads to poor overall ability. Secondly, from the perspective of personal ability, many people’s business ability is also relatively general. A CDC with strong ability is often one or two people, and then more tasks can only be pressed on the shoulders of these two people, resulting inCapable people are busier and don’t get much, and those who can’t are more idle and more chaotic..

Ideas:

The disease control system should have a set of assessment and evaluation mechanism in line with its own reality, which must be operable, and then be assessed regularly. Of course, it needs to be clear,This assessment is not only for the staff of the CDC, but also for every link of the CDC system.From the staff of community health service centers to the staff of medical institutions who are responsible for the online reporting of infectious diseases and the corresponding responsibilities of public health, from the staff of CDC to the staff of CDC, the staff of CDC should be assessed accordingly.

The assessment content should include the completion of the government’s public health functions and public welfare tasks undertaken by disease control institutions at all levels, the completion of the guidance and supervision tasks undertaken by regional medical institutions, and the improvement of residents’ health indicators in the jurisdiction. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the application of assessment results, and take the assessment results as an important basis for the appointment and dismissal of personnel, the evaluation of the first, the total salary and the approval of reward performance in CDC, and link them with the performance, further study and promotion of CDC staff.

All of the above, if gradually promoted and formed a set of practical things, will be very effective for the improvement of the overall system capacity, of course, this process is very difficult.

2, the mechanism is not alive

Question:

Because the disease control system is a part of the system to a large extent, this leads to many restrictions, unlike companies in a market economy, which are flexible and efficient.

Ideas:

First of all, it needs to be explained that the disease control system will never completely become a company under the market economy, which is determined by its nature. However, it is still possible to learn from each other’s strengths, and the purpose is to make the development of disease control system, especially human resources for disease control, become living water.

As implemented in some areasThe system of "chief public health expert" is a good example.The system of "chief public health experts" can be implemented for disease control at least above the municipal level, and the chief public health experts of epidemic disease, exemption from regulations, virus and disinfection are selected in a scientific and reasonable way. This is one of the measures to strengthen the construction of public health talents, provide talent guarantee for the construction of public health system, set up "chief experts" for disease control based on scientific research, talents and foreign exchanges, and build "hard power" for disease control personnel.

On March 31st, at the provincial conference on disease prevention and control system in 2023, Hao Yibin, director of Henan CDC, said:

At present, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Henan Province is setting up a chief expert system, which encourages senior experts with rich experience in scientific research and business management to be full-time "chief public health experts" by enjoying favorable conditions such as retaining the original administrative post treatment and special retirement and re-employment policy, empowering inter-departmental scientific research teams and providing sufficient scientific research funds.

In addition, should be established.Practice-oriented evaluation mechanism of public health talents, the implementation of classified assessment. Promote and strengthen the cooperation between disease control institutions at all levels and the college of public health in personnel training, personnel mutual employment, platform co-construction, data sharing, etc., create a demonstration base for public health personnel training in cooperation between schools and localities, and jointly cultivate applied professionals in public health.

At the same time, we should also increase the decision-making power of disease control institutions at all levels, reform the evaluation criteria of professional titles, and reasonably increase the proportion of middle and senior positions in disease control institutions. Improve the system of public health doctors, cultivate and expand the team of public health doctors, and explore giving public health doctors the right to prescribe.

3. Lack of motivation:

Question:

To put it bluntly, the disease control system is too poor and the income is too low. This is the root of many problems, because the income is low, so we can’t attract talents and can’t keep talents, so our ability is not strong; Because of the low income, more work and less work, they gradually began to muddle along and began to make no progress.

Ideas:

Tianjin CDC, Wuhan CDC, etc. have publicized the foreign services that they can charge for. For example, Tianjin CDC has launched 72 foreign technical services, which can provide a variety of health services for individuals and families, and provide entrusted testing services (23) and public health technical services (49) for the government and relevant departments, enterprises and institutions, and social organizations.

The project specifically includes the detection of water, air, food, etc.Communication and defense officeIt can provide technical support and policy consultation related to infectious disease prevention and control, theme planning activities of health science popularization day related to infectious disease prevention and control, and production of health science popularization videos.Exemption officeCan provide vaccination related policy advice and technical support, vaccination knowledge training. All these provide ideas for other disease control institutions.

The reform of disease control should explore and promote the "first-class security and second-class management" and implement it in detail.Two permits",allowing disease control institutions to break through the current wage control level of public institutions, allowing medical and health technical services to be provided on the basis of completing the approved tasks, and further stimulating the endogenous motivation of disease control institutions. While implementing the policy of full financial security, we should establish a new operating mechanism that combines security with incentives and conforms to the characteristics of disease control institutions, give them internal distribution autonomy and stimulate their operational vitality.

4, prevention and control is not close

Question:

To tell the truth, this is the most difficult to solve. Even after the establishment of the CDC, the separation between prevention and treatment may be more serious.This seems to be seen from the monitoring of the new crown infection virus.

Ideas:

For disease prevention and control, if prevention and control are to be closer,It is necessary to make clear the responsibilities that all kinds of medical institutions and medical administration departments at all levels should and must undertake in disease prevention and control.At the same time, the mechanism of personnel communication, information communication, resources communication and supervision and supervision is also established between disease control and medical care, and the disease control work is promoted to be included in the performance appraisal content of medical and health institutions.

In addition, it is necessary to establish an innovative supervision, assessment and evaluation mechanism for disease control institutions to medical institutions, and explore the establishment of a full-time and part-time disease control supervisor system in medical and health institutions to supervise the development of disease prevention and control, and urge the implementation of reporting responsibilities for infectious diseases and public health emergencies. For example, whether the infected cases in COVID-19 were reported realistically, such as whether fever of unknown origin was reported in time.

The reform of disease control system has a long way to go, and all key measures of reform and development must be supported by governments at all levels and relevant departments before they can take effect.

Everything has just begun, and China’s disease control system needs to focus on the long-term, overall planning, layout of the future, and embark on a road of public health governance with China characteristics.

write　| CDC disease control person

Proofreading　|　Gddra　

read and edit　|　Hide / Blue sea

Edit design　|　　Alice