Figure ①: Recently, students from Xi ‘an Jiaotong University Student Association are helping the elderly to learn how to operate smart phones. People’s visual map ②: Wuxi Railway Station in Jiangsu Province opened a service channel without health code to provide convenient services for the elderly. People’s vision

　　Online booking registration, scanning code to pay for goods, and online car travel … … With the rapid development of mobile Internet, digitalization has profoundly changed people’s daily lives, but at the same time, it has also made some elderly people feel at a loss — — I can’t scan the health code and wander at the door of the community. I don’t need mobile payment to worry at the checkout counter. I won’t make an online appointment to go to the hospital and I can’t hang up the number … …

　　China has stepped into an aging society. According to the forecast of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the elderly population in China will exceed 300 million during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. On the one hand, it is an increasingly prominent aging phenomenon, and on the other hand, it is a rapidly developing digital society. How can the elderly keep up with the times and enjoy the dividends of scientific and technological progress?

　　The General Office of the State Council recently issued the "Implementation Plan on Effectively Solving the Difficulties of the Elderly in Using Intelligent Technology", which made arrangements for further solving the difficulties encountered by the elderly in using intelligent technology, adhering to the parallel of traditional service methods and intelligent service innovation, and providing more comprehensive, intimate and direct convenience services for the elderly.

　　What specific difficulties do the elderly currently face in using intelligent technology? Let them better adapt to and integrate into the smart society, what other aspects need to be exerted? The reporter conducted an investigation and interview on this.

　　The elderly have accelerated their "touching the net" and become a group of network users that cannot be ignored.

　　Continuously optimized smart devices and network services make life more convenient and fun for the elderly.

　　"Small degree, turn on the bedside light belt." As soon as the voice fell, light appeared in the dark night. This is the Yanshou Community Pension Service Station in Dashilan Street, Xicheng District, Beijing. Last summer, relying on Baidu artificial intelligence products such as "small smart screen", 71-year-old grandma Fang Kejie intelligently transformed her residence.

　　Click Bluetooth with one click to automatically connect devices. Fang Kejie, while skillfully operating, told reporters: "In the past, I always looked for my mobile phone in the dark before getting up at night, and turned on the light by the screen light. It was inevitable that I would bump into it when I was old. Now that you have a smart speaker, you can light the bedside lamp by moving your mouth, which is particularly convenient! "

　　"The registered population of Dashilan Street accounts for nearly 30% of the elderly over 60 years old, far exceeding the national average of 18.1%." Ma Naiqi, director of the "Silver Crane Zero Distance" Overall Dispatching Center in Dashilan Street, said that the simple mobile phone operation for ordinary people will become more complicated for the elderly. With the help of artificial intelligence products such as intelligent control lights, you can make an appointment for nutritious meals and get health information, so that the elderly can better enjoy the convenience and fun of intelligent life.

　　At home, the ever-changing smart devices make the elderly more comfortable; Going out, continuously optimized software services also make the elderly more worry-free.

　　Walking into a community in Haidian District, Beijing, Aunt Xin, who was strolling in the community after dinner, was surrounded by several neighborhoods who were both in their 60s. When she got closer, it turned out that she was introducing her online registration experience to everyone — — Open "Jing Yi Tong" WeChat WeChat official account, select "Medical Service", click "Register", fill in the list of hospitals and the date of medical treatment, and finally the online payment is completed.

　　"It’s so convenient, we have to try it!" The neighbors were amazed. Aunt Xin said that she used to queue up at the hospital at 5 o’clock in the morning, but now she can register on WeChat without leaving home. After tasting the sweetness of "touching the net", now I go to the market to buy food and go to the supermarket to shop. Aunt Xin has also joined the "cashless family". "With a light sweep, I can pay on the code!"

　　Older people enjoy digital life and take more actions on the road. In Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, more than 700 universities for the elderly have set up smart phone training courses to teach the elderly to learn how to pay by scanning code and register online. Since its opening, the number of applicants has almost been full. In Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, State Grid Power introduced the chip into smart plug, and the electricity consumption can be checked in real time through the mobile APP, which is convenient for the elderly to handle abnormal situations in time; A number of network platforms have launched formats specially designed for the elderly, and large fonts make the elderly no longer have reading disabilities … …

　　At present, with smart phones as the entrance, more and more elderly people are stepping into a new life of "mobile internet". According to Tencent’s Mobile Internet Report for Elderly Users, since 2012, the number of mobile Internet users in China has increased by 79%, and the number of elderly Internet users has increased by 130%. The speed at which the elderly touch the Internet is 1.6 times that of the overall mobile Internet popularization. In the use of apps, about 50% of elderly users downloaded more than 30 apps, including not only shopping and square dancing, but also financial stocks and securities, TV shopping sales, social security medical care and old-age care.

　　Entering the overlapping period of digitalization and aging, it is more and more important and urgent for the elderly, as a group of network users that can not be ignored, to meet their growing demand for information use and public services — —

　　"With the widespread use of information tools in society, the popularization of information technology will be a necessary condition to ensure the elderly to participate in social activities." Zhu Lihua, head of the Research Center for Smart, Healthy and Aging of Qingdao University, said that research shows that for the elderly, the Internet and social media can play a role in close communication with relatives and friends, promote social integration, improve healthy habits, enhance self-care ability and subjective well-being, and help to achieve a happy old age.

　　The significance of the elderly "touching the net" does not stop there. Liang Ma, a professor at the School of Public Administration of Renmin University of China, believes that breaking the consumption barriers of the elderly in the digital world will help release the consumption potential and greatly promote the development of e-commerce and digital economy.

　　In the longer term, letting the elderly enjoy digital convenience will also promote technological innovation in the opposite direction. According to Feng Wenmeng, a researcher in the Social Development Research Department of the State Council Development Research Center, with the increasing number of elderly people, they will become an important service target for future product development, and technological innovation around the elderly group will become a new blue ocean for enterprises to participate in market competition.

　　It is convenient for the elderly to "touch the net" and break the obstacles of digital life for the elderly.

　　Increase the aging transformation of product technology to alleviate the anxiety of the elderly about new technologies.

　　In recent years, China’s Internet has continued to penetrate into the elderly population, but compared with the increasing number of elderly people, the current proportion of the elderly people surfing the Internet is still low, and many of the elderly who have "touched the Internet" cannot enjoy the digital life.

　　Where are the obstacles?

　　"The information barriers of the elderly mainly exist in three levels: access level, whether access services can be obtained; On the skill level, whether the software and hardware of information products will be used; At the content level, can you search, identify, use and manage relevant information on demand? "

　　Zhu Lihua analyzed that with the improvement of network infrastructure and the improvement of the consumption ability of the elderly, the current problems mainly appear at the skill level and content level.

　　On the one hand, the current technology and services are not friendly enough for the elderly, and it is difficult to meet the aging needs.

　　"Most of the products and services on the market are developed for the younger generation, and the needs of elderly users are not fully considered in the design concept." Wanglili, deputy director of the Institute of Aging Economy and Industry of China Aging Science Research Center, said, for example, the current mobile phone touch screen can’t provide a better touch feeling than physical buttons; In the interface interaction, it is mostly visual-oriented, lacking physical feedback, which increases the error rate and frustration of the elderly.

　　In this regard, Uncle Wang, a retired professor at Hongxing Community in Kunming, Yunnan, was deeply touched: "The words on the smart phone are too small to be seen without reading glasses, and there is only one screen. Sometimes I can’t find where the buttons are and I don’t know how to unlock them."

　　From the perspective of public services, compared with the construction of environmental accessibility, all sectors of society pay less attention to the information accessibility of the elderly. Wanglili said that in some places, when providing related services, they failed to fully adjust to aging. For example, they had to make an online reservation to book tickets in advance, refused to buy things in cash, and only provided a code-scanning travel channel, which made the elderly feel at a loss and difficult to adapt.

　　On the other hand, the elderly themselves have physiological dysfunction, and they are prone to anxiety in the face of new technologies.

　　In Guangming Community, Shushan District, Hefei City, Liu Li, who founded a smart phone training class, bluntly said that the elderly "classmates" have strong acceptance but are forgetful, and the two-hour course can usually only train one function.

　　Not only that, industry insiders analyzed that when facing smart devices such as computers and mobile phones, the elderly are always worried that they will damage their products by misoperation or be cheated by the Internet, which makes them often feel anxious when accepting new technology products.

　　This was confirmed in an interview with reporters. Although she is now a "network expert" in the community, Aunt Xin admits that at the beginning of her "touching the net", she always felt that the Internet was full of traps, fearing that mobile payment would be bound to a bank card, and the money on the card would be transferred away by others. After my son’s constant persuasion and repeated training, I was relieved to integrate into online life step by step.

　　In Zhu Lihua’s view, a good social environment for the elderly to participate in digital life has not yet been fully formed. The elderly have great individual differences, and their physical condition, psychological state, hobbies, past experiences and other factors will affect their attitude and behavior towards the Internet. All sectors of society have little understanding and concern about the difficulties encountered by the elderly in the information society at this stage.

　　"From the supply side, the information barrier-free industrial system and market effect for the elderly have not yet been fully formed, and it is difficult for related enterprises to make profits, resulting in fewer end products that can be used by key beneficiary groups and are cost-effective and easy to operate, and the effective supply in the market is obviously insufficient." The relevant person in charge of the Information and Communication Administration of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said.

　　The information barrier-free construction has achieved remarkable results, alleviating the contradiction between supply and demand of digital life for the elderly.

　　Efforts should be made to improve market supply, optimize public services, and unite various forces.

　　It is the proper meaning of building an information society in an all-round way to better ensure the convenience of the elderly to participate in online life. In recent years, letting the elderly enjoy digital life is gradually attracting the attention of all walks of life. In 2015, the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Actively Promoting the" internet plus "Action" and proposed "building a network platform for old-age information services"; In 2017, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Civil Affairs and other ministries and commissions jointly issued the Action Plan for the Development of Smart and Healthy Pension Industry (2017— 2020), detailed planning of the road map for the development of smart pension products and services … … The successive introduction of various policies has alleviated the contradiction between supply and demand of digital life for the aged to some extent.

　　"After several years of development, the information barrier-free construction for the elderly has achieved positive results." According to the relevant person in charge of the Information and Communication Administration of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, since 2013, more than 800 government units have built information accessibility service platforms, and 32,000 government websites have achieved information accessibility. In addition, relevant departments organize some social communication, online shopping, life entertainment, news and information apps to carry out barrier-free transformation, which brings a lot of convenience for the elderly to obtain information.

　　Scholars and market participants interviewed believe that the following points should be grasped to adapt to the trend of population aging and social informatization and realize the goal of "information accessibility" for the elderly:

　　— — Improve market supply, guide enterprises to fully consider the needs of the elderly, and develop more high-quality and aging-suitable digital products.

　　Zhu Lihua suggested that market players should make great efforts to collect, analyze and excavate the demand of digital products and services for the elderly, deeply study the physical and psychological changes of the elderly, develop aging digital products, and accurately optimize the quality of products and services.

　　"For example, smart phones should consider diversified needs in the general design, so that elderly users can also choose products and services that are easy to accept and use." Wanglili said.

　　"The next step will continue to play the guiding role of the government and cultivate diversified market players in the elderly intelligence industry." According to the relevant person in charge of the Information and Communication Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is currently working with relevant industry authorities to give preferential treatment to enterprises that have made outstanding contributions to information barrier-free construction in rating evaluation, credit management and social responsibility assessment, so as to further mobilize the enthusiasm of enterprises. Experts believe that the relative profit of digital products and services for the elderly is relatively low, and fiscal and taxation policies should support and encourage them.

　　— — Optimize public services, give consideration to traditional and emerging lifestyles, and set aside special service channels for the elderly.

　　"With the rapid development of information technology, the needs of different groups should be integrated, and traditional and emerging lifestyles should coexist for a period of time." Feng Wenmeng believes that before using digital means to facilitate the lives of the elderly, we must first ensure that their lives are barrier-free, and we must retain traditional channels as a transition to help them gradually move towards emerging channels. "In particular, the public service department should leave a window for offline services for the elderly, and traditional methods familiar to the elderly, such as offline customer service, manual telephone calls and paper forms, should be retained in due course."

　　In addition, the public service department can try to refine the service. For example, record the corresponding tutorial videos for different scenes, teach the elderly to learn how to handle the corresponding online business, alleviate the anxiety of the elderly who don’t know where to start, and also reduce the pressure of offline windows.

　　In recent years, it has gradually become a fashion to open special passages for the elderly. Jiangsu Wuxi Railway Station has set aside special channels for manual services for passengers who use old man-machine and can’t use WeChat. Many hospitals in Chaoyang District, Beijing have added a new channel &hellip to verify the health status of elderly patients who can’t show their health codes. … All these make the old people travel more smoothly.

　　— — Cohesion of various forces, relevant organizations, communities and families do their best to help the elderly groups keep up with the times.

　　"There are a variety of intelligent application scenarios in life, which increases the complexity of the participation of the elderly to a certain extent. It is necessary for multiple subjects involved in the lives of the elderly to do their best and take a multi-pronged approach." Zhu Lihua said.

　　At the community level, Ma Naichi suggested that various forms of training lectures and on-site classes should be actively organized to provide channels for the elderly to learn new technologies and new products. At the same time, more psychological counseling should be given to the elderly to guide them to actively change their concepts and dare to accept new things. "Relevant departments may wish to support and guide enterprises to increase relevant services by increasing the government’s purchase of services, so as to facilitate the elderly to learn network technology." Wanglili said.

　　Family efforts are also essential to help the elderly better integrate into the digital society. Zhu Lihua said that on the one hand, young people should use "technology" to feed back the elderly, so that the elderly can have more confidence in learning smart phones; On the other hand, we should also create opportunities to encourage and accompany the elderly to apply digital products and accompany them to learn the necessary digital life skills with more patience.

Original Lao Zhou Wang Ye Yan

Dreaming Leslie Cheung Dream Space, located on the first floor of Building D3 in No.808 Hongqiao Road Park, has existed for some time. However, it is still a recent event to officially become a cafe where you can come and talk about the atmosphere of Hong Kong’s entertainment heyday at any time. April 1st and September 12th every year are the big days for the global fans, and there will be a series of activities here. As an investor in Dreaming Space and a veteran fan, I am very busy. It’s not easy to meet him and have a chat. A few days ago, Leslie Cheung’s agent, Ms. Chen Shufen, hosted a commemorative dinner of "Stars Meet for 50 Years". "Magic" took a break before going to Macau and received me in his office. "This used to be the former site of the Shanghai office of Rolling Stone Records." When I opened the fingerprint lock, the "fiend" told me this history, and my face was full of pride. Sit down and pour the tea. Where shall we start? Oh, let’s start with our Luwan District in 310103, from the 1980s, and from our "post-1970s" youth.

Dreming, Building D3, Lane 808, Hongqiao Road

The only non-profit Leslie Cheung memorial space in the world.

It used to be the location of the Shanghai office of Rolling Stone Records.

The real name of the "fiend" is Tang Yongqi, the same name as the Hong Kong singer Liang Yongqi, but he is an out-and-out 70-year-old from Luwan District and has lived in Sinan Road and Chongqing South Road. "Devil" is his name in the forum of "Rongmen Inn" organized by fans in Leslie Cheung, which is derived from the nickname of Jia Baoyu in A Dream of Red Mansions: "Devil in the World". When chatting with friends from Luwan District, I always talk about my ancestors. Mr. Tang Xinsun, the grandfather of fiend, ran a coal mine in Vietnam in his early years and returned to China with his wife, Ms. Lin Qingping, in 1949. Because of this family background, the generation of fiend’s parents is doomed to have some hardships. The smaller the house is, the more the location is … but the education of their children will never be sloppy. His family has a deep relationship with Mr. Ma Xiangbo, and the godfather of the fiend is Ma Youling, the great-grandson of Mr. Ma Xiangbo. At the end of 1980s, Tang Yongqi, a junior two student in Sinan Road No.12 Middle School, heard Cantonese songs broadcast on the radio. Alan Tam’s "friends" and Leslie Cheung’s "Starting from scratch" and "Sideways" saved their pocket money and went to the alley next to Zhongtu Company in Maoming South Road, Yan ‘an Middle Road, and bought several boxes of "Kao tapes" from "Kao Xiong" to start their fan career.

The porch of Dreaming space

A promotional photo of a superstar in Leslie Cheung.

The original poster on the wall

Exhibit a large number of original Leslie Cheung souvenirs

Tapes of all ages

A vinyl version of all Leslie Cheung’s albums.

Demons have collections.

"I also have a lot of regrets," the fiend sighed constantly, and personality determines fate. He is an introvert, or "social fear" is not an exaggeration. In fact, he is engaged in the public relations communication industry and has been working in advertising companies. After starting his own business, his career has flourished, and dealing with all kinds of people is his strength. But deep down, the fiend is still the shy Luwan boy Tang Yongqi in the 1980s. In 2000, Leslie Cheung came to Shanghai to give a "warm concert", but he missed it because of his work. Leslie Cheung came to Shanghai to attend the premiere of the movie Farewell My Concubine. At the Daguangming Cinema, his good friends "rushed out" and took the initiative to take a photo with Leslie Cheung, leaving a precious image. "They can blow for a lifetime", while the shy Tang Yongqi did not move and missed the rare opportunity. "I finally saw him up close." Thirty years later, I still could hear his regret.

After graduating from college, he got married, had children and went into business. The life track of fiend is similar to that of many Shanghainese, but he always remembers the regrets left in the Daguangming Cinema that day. He joined the fan club of the famous fan "Dragonfly" organization, and their cooperation was close because of their love. The fiend and the dragonfly discussed what to do. In June of 2022, the thinking was clear, so they said to do it. In August, they found a house to decorate, and in October, they had the space of Dreaming. "Dragonflies have resources, and I have funds." How much did the fiend actually invest? He smiled without saying a word: "Let’s have a dream for ourselves", and he was more willing to talk about the feelings between people than numbers.

Audio-visual room in Dreming space

The TV set used by Leslie Cheung himself.

Professional audio equipment

Leslie Cheung’s first vinyl record.

come here

Our protagonist can make an appearance

"This is a 1986 Stand Up."

The last album of Huaxing Records

The earliest colored glue records

There are currently three surviving.

"This is my baby"

Speaking of the past two years, fiend is a long story. Only more than two months after the establishment of Space, he coughed and had a fever. He was accompanied by the song of "Brother" Leslie Cheung, "I listened one by one, from morning till night" and heard that "the whole world just wants you to love me". The usually unsmiling fiend cried like a child. He made it, but mom didn’t. At the end of last year, my mother left. He came here again and played a song by Leslie Cheung, "Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter". Every time the seasons change, his mother will remind him to add clothes. "Spring should be fine, if you are still there …" But his mother’s exhortation will not be there.

"All right, all right", let’s not talk about these things for the time being. Let’s talk about this memorial space in Leslie Cheung later. Dreaming is a song and an album of Leslie Cheung, and it is also a dream of him and dragonfly. Over the past twenty years, they have changed from "skinny monkeys" to middle-aged uncles. The only constant is their love for Leslie Cheung’s art. "This is the place where our dreams come true," the fiend stressed. "Why can Leslie Cheung have such charm?" In the face of my question, the fiend said, "Because of company". O said that he felt like Leslie Cheung. "My brother is a Virgo, and I am a Taurus." People in his constellation have a stubborn attitude. If they don’t do anything, they must do their best and do their best. "I pursue perfection." O pondered for a moment and added: "Just like my brother."

"A career sustained only by feelings will not last long." O has a clear plan for the future of this space. He hopes that this place can be a gathering place for fans and Hong Kong music lovers. In fact, besides Leslie Cheung, he has a collection of records of most famous singers in the heyday of Hong Kong music, including Alan Tam, Anita Mui, George Lam, Danny Chan, Sandy Lam, Huang Kaiqin, Priscilla Chan, Grasshoppers and Beyond. He hopes that everyone will come and have a look, sit down and have a chat. He also hopes that everyone will like the coffee and snacks here, such as "Happy Ride", "Nongben Affectionate" and "moonlight express" … But the most distinctive one is the latte with Leslie Cheung’s head named after "Favorite".

"Favorite" Leslie Cheung head latte

Head latte mold

LC912

Leslie Cheung’s English initials and birthday.

D339

Leslie Cheung’s license plate number

"The 1980s is a distant past, and we and our lives have become too much." The fiend took out two things: Leslie Cheung’s profile album, a recording tape that Tang Yongqi, a young boy in the 1980s, scoured in the alley next to China Map, and a profile commemorative vinyl that the successful fiend scoured in the auction market in 2017. This year is his eighth year of owning this record, but he didn’t open it: "I hope there are some things in my life that won’t change." When I said these words, the expression of the fiend reminded me of an old song by Leslie Cheung: "I’m crazy".

1989-2017-2024

Original title: "Dreaming" of Leslie Cheung fan fiend after 1970s.

Read the original text

　　Xinhua News Agency, Wuhan, December 30 (Reporter Tan Yuanbin) On the 29th, the reporter learned from the Hubei Provincial Office of National Defense Science and Technology and the 722nd Research Institute of CSIC that the magnetotelluric detector developed by the 722nd Research Institute of CSIC has recently passed the acceptance of an acceptance team composed of experts from Hubei Science and Technology Department, China Geo University (Wuhan), Institute of Seismology of China Earthquake Administration and other units.

　　According to reports, this project is a science and technology plan project of Hubei Province. Experts in the acceptance team believe that this project has developed high-performance magnetic sensors, high-stability low-noise receivers, low-power portable transmitters and other core components, and developed an engineering and practical magnetotelluric detector. The technical indicators all meet or exceed the requirements of the project task book, and at the same time, it has achieved market sales and achieved good economic benefits.

　　At the same time, the experts of the inspection team believe that this project has greatly shortened the technical gap between China and the international advanced magnetotelluric detection system, broken the market monopoly of foreign companies in China, increased the choice of domestic users, created a new opportunity for the industrial development of domestic magnetotelluric detection systems, and more importantly laid a good foundation for fundamentally changing the long-term dependence on imports.

　　The relevant person in charge of the 722nd Research Institute of CSIC said that the magnetotelluric detector that passed the acceptance this time can be widely used in geological exploration, energy exploration, deep-sea exploration and other fields, and has now entered the market.

Anchor of this issue: Yi Xiaoqing

# Keywords: social cattle disease

01

What is the hottest word in the second half of this year? "Social cow disease" is definitely one. On social networks, more and more people are labeled as "social cow disease". For example, Olympic champion Chen Yuxi often appears in other people’s photos, and his lively and cheerful personality is dubbed "social cow disease"; In the reality show, some invited guests "solo" were full of audience and couldn’t stop, which also made dizzy netizens call them "social cow disease".

To put it simply, the most typical "clinical manifestation" of "social cow disease" is that you are not afraid of others’ eyes, ridicule and neglect when socializing, and you can "socialize" with all kinds of people anytime and anywhere. This social ability, which is beyond the reach of "social phobia", often creates a strange atmosphere of "I am not embarrassed by anyone who is embarrassed", which truly interprets the true meaning of the sentence "once born and twice cooked" in them.

02

"Social Cow Disease" provides a set of symbol system for netizens to recognize social character. After the word became popular, many young people suddenly discovered that parents were the "ceiling of human social interaction". For example, some netizens ridiculed their parents for suddenly singing two voices when they were walking on the road; Some people even told the story that "my mother bought a live chicken and didn’t dare to kill it. She shouted in the community with a chicken and asked who would kill it, so I took a kitchen knife and followed it", which made people laugh.

However, among the many manifestations of "social cow disease", some extreme forms are too "unconventional" and even make people physically uncomfortable. For example, some people suddenly shout "the taste of childhood" in restaurants, and others will "grab" other people’s food while others are eating. There are many so-called "social cow disease" videos on the Internet, practicing martial arts on the subway and screaming on the bus. These actions have undoubtedly exceeded the acceptance boundaries of most people.

Rather than saying that these prominent people on the internet are "social cattle disease", it is better to say that they are deliberately grandstanding and attracting attention with extreme behavior regardless of beauty and ugliness. This hysterical carnival of selling ugliness will not only make the parties fall into "social death", but also be an offense to others and lose sincerity and courtesy in interpersonal communication.

03

Many young people who discuss "social cow disease" look up to and envy those who have more social skills with a "social fear" mentality. Although "social phobia" has long been paid attention to and studied by psychology, the "social phobia" discussed by people on social networks is more worried and self-deprecating, not necessarily a real mental illness. Sometimes, "social fear" is just a synonym for being relatively introverted and "thin-skinned", and it may not need correction and treatment.

The contrast between "social phobia" and "social cow disease" conveys some social anxiety of young people. Some people are not unable to learn from "social cow disease", but unwilling to step out of the comfort zone of "social phobia" easily. From this perspective, shielding and resistance may be the reason for some people’s "social fear." In this way, it is not difficult to understand the "anti-reconnaissance social fear" of bowing your head or wearing headphones when you meet your colleagues.

04

Take the word "social" apart, it refers to the communication interaction across different social circles. Everyone has different social boundaries, and the emotional support they want is also complex and diverse. Every move of an individual may be labeled as personality by others. Too sophisticated social skills, although it can also be regarded as "social cow disease", may not produce good results, but may leave a noisy and hypocritical impression.

Rather than saying that contemporary young people are increasingly disgusted with socializing, it is better to say that they urgently need opportunities for self-disclosure that can put themselves down and put down their guard, and they need higher quality socializing.

In life, friends and confidants are more expensive than essence. We often feel lost in the imagination of ideal social interaction. Perhaps the real social dilemma of young people is that the fate is too shallow and they come and go in a hurry. It’s an instinct for human beings to socialize, so it’s necessary to be friendly. If the discussion upsurge of "social cow disease" can make more people think more deeply about socialization, then these discussions will not be in vain.

* This article comes from the WeChat WeChat official account "Zhongqing Online Review", and the picture comes from the network. Please indicate the source.

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title

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What do you think of "social cow disease"? Welcome to write in the article comment area to participate in the interaction.

Last interactive lucky reader

In the last push with the keyword "Commemoration", the following readers’ messages won the highest praise!

@Jupiter

Looking back on the glorious century, countless communist party people have courageously devoted themselves to the revolutionary cause! For the sake of a better tomorrow for the motherland, they give up their small families for everyone and care about their families, but they can only express their feelings with letters from home. Today, let’s reread these letters together and feel their blood and affection.

Believe in tomorrow!

Today is a peaceful year, and today is a festive day. How dare you forget it? The blood of heroes and heroes, rereading Jielie’s letters, comfort the heroes. The soul revolves around the three borders of the country, inspiring the youth, and the country is self-reliant!

Wutong is from the alley.

What a detail, the length of 5:20.

Yixiaoqing on-demand station

What topics do you want to hear recently? We have listed a few questions, and we welcome everyone to vote and forward them. Yi Xiaoqing will combine the options with the highest number of votes to prepare relevant radio pushes for readers every week ~

End

As an audio column under the Youth Service Desk of the Communist Youth League 12355, we are concerned about the campus life, parent-child relationship, physical and mental health and other puzzles in the growth and development of young people, and we will answer your questions and solve problems from the psychological and legal perspectives. In particular, this series has been collecting topics, receiving contributions and recruiting anchors for readers and friends for a long time. Click "Read the original" for details and look forward to your participation!

Original title: "Radio Tomorrow | From" social fear "to" social cattle ",what kind of socialization do young people need? 》

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Pavarotti’s farewell performance

Pavarotti, a famous Italian tenor who announced that he will retire next year, recently finished his "Farewell Stage" global tour at Shanghai Grand Stage and Beijing Capital Gymnasium respectively.

China Concert ". However, for those fans who want to listen to Laopa’s brilliant swan song live, the performance effect is somewhat disappointing. In these two concerts, Pavarotti allegedly sat on the soft stool behind grand piano from beginning to end due to physical reasons, and the microphone never left his mouth. In the whole performance, the songs that Lao Pa sang by himself actually accounted for only about half of the songs listed in the program, which made people feel that they were "shrinking". The "high-pitched C", which once held the fans’ appetite beforehand, has always smelled bad under the long-awaited call. On the contrary, annalisa, an Italian soprano duet with Laopa, dazzled the audience with her bright, mellow voice and wide range. People can’t help but sigh: Laopa is really old!

Pavarotti is one of the three tenors in the world today, and he is famous for his high-pitched voice, gorgeous and transparent, and extremely infectious. Wherever Pavarotti goes, he wears his trademark innocent smile on his face, and people affectionately call him "Old Pa". What has won wide acclaim for Laopa is "Tenor C", which is called the touchstone of tenors. In this range, which is regarded as fearful by ordinary tenors, he can still sing clearly, roundly and penetratingly, so he is known as the "King of Tenor C".

An innate musical talent.

Luciano Pavarotti was born on October 12th, 1935 in a poor family on the outskirts of Modena. His father is a well-known amateur tenor in the local area, and he often takes home records of famous singers. This is how little Pavarotti grew up listening to records. Papa was born with a good voice, and singing was quite good when he was three or four years old. In 1955, at the age of 19, Pavarotti officially began to learn vocal music. Influenced by his family and long-standing desire, Pavarotti finally embarked on the road of music.

Genius and diligence make a great achievement.

When Pavarotti was 17 years old, a knot grew on his vocal cords, which seriously affected his pronunciation. At a concert held in Ferrara, Pavarotti was coaxed out of the stage by the crowd, which made him once have the idea of giving up music. But with infinite love for singing, Pavarotti gritted his teeth and persisted.

The time has finally come to change our destiny. In 1961, Pavarotti won the first prize in an international vocal competition. In April of the same year, he performed "The Bohemian" for the first time, and began a brilliant opera career. Pavarotti’s real fame began in 1963, and his performance at the Royal Opera House in London, England was a great success. In 1972, he performed Girl in the Army with the famous Australian soprano Sutherland in metropolitan opera. When singing the aria "What a Happy Day", which is called the tenor forbidden zone in the play, Pavarotti sang nine high-pitched C’s with chest resonance in a very compact aria, which caused a sensation in the whole international music world. Since then, "the king of high-pitched C" has become synonymous with Pavarotti, and he himself has become an idol in the hearts of fans.

The mass messenger of classical music

Pavarotti has made outstanding contributions to the popularization of classical music and opera in his singing career of more than 40 years. Since 1990, Lao Pa has joined hands with Domingo and carreras, the other two tenors in the world, to form a powerful singing group brand-"Three Tenor Concerts". Since then, the songs of the three tenors have resounded around the world and become a new story in the international music scene.

Old Pa had tasted the hardships of life before he became famous, so he had deep sympathy for people living in war and suffering. He has sponsored charity concerts many times and donated money to humanitarian causes in poor and war-torn areas. He is one of the people who raised the most donations for UNHCR. In March 1998, Pavarotti was appointed as the United Nations Messenger of Peace. On May 30th, 2001, in recognition of Pavarotti’s great contribution to refugee assistance, UNHCR awarded him the Nansen Medal.

songSingers are also ordinary people.

Old Pa sings naturally, but his quirks are really amazing, and the most famous one is undoubtedly the "bent nail" collector. In Laopa’s hometown, there is a legend that rusty bent nails will bring good luck to people, so before each performance, Laopa will bend his fat body and carefully look for an elbow nail under the dim light in the background. If he can’t find the nail, he won’t go on stage anyway, or even cancel the performance directly. It is said that Lao Pa has now saved a whole box of rusty nails for elbows.

As an artist, some maverick habits are understandable, but the most surprising thing is that this "world’s chief tenor" can’t read music! According to Lao Pa himself, he learned songs by relying on his ears and symbols instead of the note system.

Old Pa is a football fan and a car driver. He always likes to go out for a ride in his car. In recent years, he began to be keen on painting again and held a solo exhibition in Japan, which is said to be well received.

Old Pa, who looks simple and honest, is an affectionate species in life. He himself admits: "I like the feeling that there are always women around me." In 2000, Pavarotti divorced his wife Ardois, who had been married for 39 years, and married a woman 33 years younger than himself-his 18th secretary, Nicoleta. When Pavarotti was 67 years old, Nicoleta gave him a precious daughter.

No one can say for sure about the "last" concert.

As early as 10 years ago, it was reported that Laopa was going to retire. But later, it turned out that it was just commercial speculation whose performance agent stimulated the market. Old Parna’s busy figure is still moving non-stop between tours around the world.

At the beginning of this year, 70-year-old Pa began his farewell stage global tour, and vowed that after the tour, he would completely end his 43-year singing career. According to his own words, "even in the shower, I no longer hum." However, this romantic and casual Italian seems to have played a joke on everyone again. Before the concert in Beijing, Lao Pa once affirmed that Beijing would be the curtain call stage for him to end his singing career. However, before the lingering sound of the Capital Gymnasium, it was reported that Laopa hoped to join hands with Domingo and carreras to hold at least one farewell concert before his retirement. The ambitious old man also plans to hold the "last" concert in Milan, Vienna or new york next year. When the real finale will be staged, probably even Laopa himself can’t say clearly.

Railway is an important national transportation infrastructure and a major livelihood project, which has always been concerned by all walks of life, delegates and members attending the meeting. Recently, Lu Dongfu, deputy to the National People’s Congress, chairman and party secretary of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd., accepted an exclusive interview with CCTV reporters and introduced the relevant situation of promoting the high-quality development of railways.

Photo courtesy of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.

Focus on making up shortcomings, preventing risks and promoting railway construction with high quality.

Lu Dongfu introduced that during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. adhered to the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on railway work, and promoted railway construction in a scientific, orderly, safe and high-quality manner. The national railway operating mileage increased from 121,000 kilometers at the end of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" to 146,300 kilometers, an increase of 20.9%, of which the high-speed rail increased from 19,800 kilometers to 37,900 kilometers, nearly doubling, "four vertical and four horizontal" Especially in 2020, we will conscientiously implement the deployment requirements of "increasing the national railway construction capital by 100 billion yuan" in the Government Work Report, effectively respond to the impact and impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, and the national railway capital construction investment will exceed the level of 2019, which has made important contributions to the "six guarantees" and the implementation of the "six guarantees" task.

Lu Dongfu introduced that the implementation of the "Proposal" of the 14 th Five-Year Plan of the Central Committee, during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period, the railway construction task is still very heavy, and the scale of projects under construction and approved is 3.19 trillion yuan; By 2025, the national railway mileage will reach about 170,000 kilometers, including about 50,000 kilometers of high-speed rail (including intercity railway). Railways basically cover cities with urban population of more than 200,000, and high-speed rail covers 98% of cities with urban population of more than 500,000. The railway department will more consciously use the new development concept to guide railway construction and strive to achieve high-quality development.

First, insist on making up the shortcomings. Closely connect with the national strategy, focus on organizing and implementing trunk projects that serve the national strategy and land development, take into account existing trunk channel reinforcement, comprehensive transportation hub supporting, undertaking "transit railway" transportation and other short-board projects, and strive to improve investment efficiency and the overall function of the road network.

The second is to persist in doing our best to do what we can. Coordinate the regional economic and social development, the overall planning and layout of the road network, the guarantee of construction funds and other factors, taking into account the needs and possibilities. On the one hand, we will maintain a certain investment intensity and further exert the pulling effect of railway construction investment, on the other hand, we will pay more attention to the efficiency and benefit of railway investment, reasonably control the scale of railway construction debts, prevent debt risks and ensure the high-quality and sustainable development of railway construction.

The third is to adhere to the construction of classification and stratification. Implement the principle of the division of powers between the central and local governments, and adhere to the principle of "who makes decisions, who raises funds, who benefits and who subsidizes". China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. is mainly responsible for the construction of national trunk railways that belong to the common powers of the central and local governments. For intercity railways and feeder railways, the local governments mainly contribute to the construction and bear the responsibility of investment decision-making. China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. gives full play to its professional and technical advantages and provides help and support.

Lu Dongfu specially introduced that sichuan-tibet railway is a century-long strategic project planned, deployed and promoted by the Supreme Leader General Secretary, and China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. regards it as the "number one project" of railway construction, and promotes it with the strength of the whole industry. Since the construction started on November 8 last year, all participating units have mobilized elite teachers to overcome many difficulties and quickly form a tough situation. Since the beginning of winter, including the Spring Festival, the contractors have not gone down the mountain in winter construction. At present, the tunnel projects of "two tunnels and one bridge" (Sejilashan Tunnel, Kangding No.2 Tunnel and Daduhe Bridge) which started in advance have all been transferred to the tunnel construction, and the bridge foundation construction has been fully carried out, forming a good pilot demonstration effect; Bidding is being organized for 186 kilometers from Ya ‘an to xinduqiao and 151 kilometers from Bomi to Linzhi, and construction can be started at the end of March; Xinduqiao-Bomi 674km is under special technical review, and preliminary design review is carried out in the near future, so as to bid in August and meet the conditions for construction in the fourth quarter. We will further improve our political stance, strengthen our responsibility, resolutely run the sichuan-tibet railway project, and never live up to the trust and trust of the Supreme Leader General Secretary.

Do a good job in transportation support under the condition of normalization of epidemic prevention and control

Lu Dongfu introduced that in recent years, with the continuous expansion of the high-speed rail network, railway passenger transport has maintained a rapid growth momentum for more than 10 years. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the number of national railway passengers sent reached 14.9 billion, of which 9 billion were sent by EMUs, up by 41% and 152% respectively compared with the 12th Five-Year Plan period. At the same time, measures such as e-tickets, face-brushing verification, online seat selection, online ordering, etc. have been continuously introduced, and service guarantee measures for the elderly and off-line people have been implemented, so that watching China on the high-speed train has become a true portrayal of the vast number of tourists enjoying a beautiful travel life. The outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic has had a great impact on railway passenger transport. In 2020, the national railway passenger traffic decreased by 39% year-on-year. In order to cope with the epidemic, this year we put forward and implemented the business strategy of "insufficient long-distance transportation, insufficient spring tour in Spring Festival travel rush, insufficient winter in summer and insufficient passenger transportation", and achieved positive results. In the first two months, the passenger traffic completed by the railway decreased by 4.5% year-on-year, but the passenger traffic in the pipeline increased by 3.3% year-on-year. In the next step, we will use big data to accurately implement "one map a day", scientifically allocate transportation resources, organize spring outing and summer passenger transportation, and better adapt to the travel needs of the broad masses of people under the situation of epidemic prevention and control.

Railways can make more contributions to peak carbon dioxide emissions and transportation emission reduction in China.

Lu Dongfu introduced that the central government’s decision to adjust the transportation structure and increase the railway freight volume was implemented, and the railway department intensified the structural reform of the freight supply side. In 2016, the railway freight volume bottomed out and maintained a sustained growth. In 2020, the national railway freight volume reached 3.58 billion tons, accounting for 9.9% of the total social freight volume from 7.7% in 2016, which made due contributions to winning the battle against pollution, especially the battle to defend the blue sky.

Railway is a typical green means of transportation. In the 13th Five-Year Plan, the railway freight volume increased by 227 million tons year-on-year, which is equivalent to reducing carbon dioxide emissions by about 20 million tons compared with the same traffic volume completed by highways. In recent years, the railway’s own energy structure has been continuously adjusted and optimized. At present, the electrification rate of the national railway has reached 74.9%. It is estimated that the railway freight volume will reach 3.7 billion tons in 2021, and the traction workload of electric locomotives will reach 90.5%. The annual fuel consumption of the national railway has dropped from the peak of 5.83 million tons in 1985 to 2.31 million tons, a drop of 60%, which is equivalent to reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 12.56 million tons every year. We will further seize the favorable opportunity of the national transportation structure adjustment, comprehensively optimize the layout of railway freight according to the target requirements of central peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality, make good use of the capacity of freight corridors such as Daqin, Haoji, Tanghu and Wari, promote the special railway lines to enter the port, mine and logistics park, and further stabilize the volume of bulk cargo. At the same time, vigorously develop container multimodal transport, solve the problems of long running time and uncertain delivery time of freight trains, continuously improve the competitiveness of railway freight market, and strive to expand the railway market share.

Deepen the independent innovation of high-speed rail

Lu Dongfu introduced that in January this year, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that high-speed rail was a successful example of independent innovation in China, which fully proved the remarkable advantages of the national system. The general secretary asked us to sum up our experience seriously, continue to improve it and strive for greater development in the 14 th Five-Year Plan. The important instructions of the General Secretary provide us with a fundamental follow-up to further promote the independent innovation of high-speed rail and give great encouragement and spur to the cadres and workers in the whole industry.

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, China’s railway independent innovation has made great achievements, and its overall technical level has entered the world’s advanced ranks. High-speed, plateau, cold and heavy-haul railway technology has reached the world’s leading level, and intelligent high-speed rail technology has achieved full autonomy. In particular, Fuxing EMU has shown excellent performance in terms of safety, economy, energy saving and environmental protection, and is well received by the market and the majority of passengers. The passenger load factor is 0.7 percentage points higher than the average passenger load factor of EMU. At present, Fuxing serial EMU has been formed, covering the speed classes of 160 km/h to 350 km/h..

To implement the spirit of the important instructions of the General Secretary and deepen the independent innovation of Fuxing high-speed train, several key tasks are currently being organized:

First, before July 1st, this year, the centralized EMU with dual power sources in Fuxing Plateau will be driven into Xizang and Lhasa to achieve full coverage in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). In order to meet the operation needs of Lalin Railway, we independently developed the Fuxing Plateau dual-power centralized EMU, and integrated the high-power internal combustion and electric power systems on the EMU, which can adapt to various complex operating environments such as high altitude, western mountainous areas and multiple tunnels. Many of these technologies are at the international leading level, and some have filled the gaps in the world railway technology.

Second, before July 1 this year, a number of Fuxing intelligent EMUs will be launched in Beijing-Shanghai, Jingha, Beijing-Guangzhou, Chengdu-Chongqing and other high-speed railways to expand the scope of operation experience and let more people enjoy a higher quality travel life. Fuxing intelligent EMU, independently developed by China, was put into operation in Beijing-Zhangjia high-speed railway in December 2019, which was favored by the majority of passengers. This type of EMU has the characteristics of intelligent driving, intelligent service, intelligent operation and maintenance, and the energy consumption and noise in train operation have also been further improved.

The third is to start the "CR450 Science and Technology Innovation Project". In order to fully release the dividend of the developed high-speed rail network, based on scientific analysis and grasping the road conditions, we plan to develop a new generation of new products of Fuxing EMU with higher speed, safer, more environmentally friendly, more energy-saving and more intelligent, mainly through the comprehensive upgrading of the mobile equipment technology of high-speed rail based on the infrastructure conditions of high-speed rail with a speed of 350 kilometers per hour, so as to realize the higher commercial operation speed of high-speed rail in China and continuously consolidate the leading edge of high-speed rail in China.

Resolutely hold the political red line and professional bottom line of the railway

Lu Dongfu introduced that railway transportation safety has always been widely concerned by all walks of life, and railway departments have always regarded it as the political red line and professional bottom line of railway work. In recent years, railway transportation safety has remained generally stable through strengthening the foundation to meet the standards, being strict and pragmatic, comprehensively managing, and improving the "trinity" safety guarantee system of civil air defense, physical defense and technical defense. In particular, the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary was implemented, and the railway safety environment was comprehensively rectified, eliminating a large number of environmental safety hazards. Last year, equipment failures caused by environmental problems decreased by 34% year-on-year. At present, 20 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) have formulated and promulgated railway safety laws and regulations, which provide legal protection for strengthening railway safety.

Lu Dongfu said that with the continuous expansion of the scale of the railway network and the continuous extension of the high-speed rail operation cycle, ensuring railway safety is facing increasing pressure and challenges. China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. will carry out the requirements of overall development and safety, and comprehensively implement safety measures to ensure railway safety, especially the safety of high-speed rail and passenger trains.

Continue to consolidate the achievements of railway safety and environmental governance. Thoroughly implement the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, further improve the coordination and linkage mechanism with local governments and railway police authorities, strictly implement the measures for the safety management of railway external environment, strengthen road safety management, and achieve the environmental improvement goals of high-speed rail and general railway.

In-depth exploration and grasp the law of high-speed rail operation. Seriously sum up the practice of high-speed rail operation, use big data technology to study the failure mechanism and change law of high-speed rail equipment, strengthen the health management of equipment throughout the life cycle, establish and improve the technical standard system and maintenance procedures of high-speed rail that are more in line with China’s national conditions and road conditions, and continuously improve the safety and security level of high-speed rail and passenger trains.

Comprehensively strengthen basic infrastructure construction at the grass-roots level. With safety, quality and benefit as the core, we will deepen the standardization of transportation stations and sections, strictly manage the safety red line and assess the accountability for safety performance, promote the comprehensive strengthening of the quality foundation of equipment and facilities, and dynamically meet the standards of cadres and workers’ ability and quality, so as to truly establish railway safety on a solid foundation.

Lead the railway reform deeper and deeper.

Lu Dongfu introduced that under the care and attention of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, in 2019, the state-owned railway enterprises fully completed the reform of the company system, China National Railway Group Co., Ltd. was officially listed, and the modern enterprise system was initially established; The joint-stock reform of state-owned railway enterprises was accelerated, and Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway Company and Tieke Rail Company were successfully listed, becoming the "first high-speed railway in China" and "the first high-speed railway in science and technology innovation board". The broad masses of the people not only enjoyed the travel convenience brought by high-speed railway, but also shared the benefits of high-quality assets from the capital market.

Lu Dongfu said that in 2020, to implement the three-year action plan for the reform of state-owned enterprises of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. issued the "Three-year Action Implementation Plan for the Reform of State-owned Railway Enterprises (2020— 2022), which clarified the timetable and road map for deepening reform. We will adhere to the strategic positioning of the national railway, adhere to the centralized and unified command of transportation, adapt to the development requirements of railway transportation productivity, and continuously deepen the reform of the national railway enterprises.

Focusing on releasing the dividends of developed road network and advanced technology and equipment, we will deepen the transformation of transportation organization, optimize the operation structure of high-speed rail and ordinary passenger cars, passenger trains and freight trains, realize the coordinated allocation of transportation resources, comprehensively improve the utilization efficiency of high-speed rail network, release the freight capacity of busy trunk lines of ordinary railway, and provide support for increasing the effective supply of transportation products; By deepening the reform of equipment maintenance system, we will establish and improve the equipment quality supervision system, and give full play to the application benefits of advanced technology and equipment while ensuring the safety and reliability of equipment quality.

Focusing on releasing the dividend of the new system, we will further optimize and improve the corporate governance mechanism of China Railway by deepening the mechanism reform, promote the modernization of the governance system and governance capacity, and comprehensively improve the level of market-oriented operation under the rule of law; Pay more attention to the equity management of high-quality assets and promote the reform of railway mixed ownership to take a new step. In particular, we will implement the deployment of the state to promote the market-oriented reform of competitive links in the railway industry, accelerate the construction of a unified, open and fair market-oriented clearing system for the railway industry, and provide a fair market environment for all kinds of railway market operators.

Focusing on satisfying the people’s yearning for a better travel life, adhering to the people’s railway as the purpose of the people, adhering to the direction of market-oriented operation, gradually promoting the floating pricing mechanism of high-speed rail fares, and implementing different discounts according to regions, off-peak seasons, time slots, travel time, etc., so that the high-quality development achievements of railways can benefit the people more; Further improve the level of railway information service, explore new service measures such as non-inductive entry and exit, intelligent security inspection, and promote 12306 to become a comprehensive Internet service platform in the transportation field, providing more convenience for the majority of passengers; Adapting to the diversified market demand, combined with the implementation of passenger transport upgrading plan and Fuxing brand strategy, we will innovate service methods, improve service quality and implement differentiated services, so that the majority of passengers can have a better travel experience.

Make unremitting efforts to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively link with rural revitalization.

Lu Dongfu introduced that since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the railway system has resolutely responded to the order of the CPC Central Committee to win the battle against poverty, gave full play to the advantages of the railway industry, and made every effort to promote poverty alleviation, so that 109 counties ended the history of being inaccessible to railways and 198 counties entered the high-speed rail era; Adhere to transportation to help the poor, 81 public welfare "slow trains" will not adjust their prices for 26 years, and 12 million people along the line will be transported every year, becoming "brands of state-owned enterprises and socialist advertisements"; Accurate implementation of fixed-point poverty alleviation, China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. fixed-point assistance of 4 counties and districts and subordinate enterprises focus on helping 53 villages all lifted their hats out of poverty.

Lu Dongfu said, studying and implementing the spirit of the important speech delivered by the Supreme Leader General Secretary at the National Conference on Summarizing and Commending Poverty Alleviation, China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. will vigorously carry forward the spirit of poverty alleviation and continue to increase assistance.

The responsibility of compacting and consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation. Maintain the overall stability of the assistance mechanism and strength, give a ride to the designated assistance areas, and resolutely hold on to the fruits of victory in poverty alleviation. In particular, give full play to the advantages of railway resources and market, innovate ways and means of accurate assistance, and further enhance the endogenous driving force for the development of poverty-stricken areas.

Continue to do a good job in railway construction and railway transportation assistance and support. Scientifically and orderly promote railway planning and construction in poverty-stricken areas, continuously strengthen railway service facilities in old, less and border areas, rationally arrange train operation plans, increase the effective supply of transportation products, and continuously strengthen the railway’s transportation service support capacity for old and young border areas.

Strengthen the systematic planning of railway service for rural revitalization. Focusing on the objectives and tasks of rural revitalization, combined with the preparation and implementation of the "14 th Five-Year Plan" railway development plan, we will focus on the deployment and priority protection of projects related to rural revitalization, enhance the systematic and forward-looking nature of railway services for rural revitalization, and better play the important supporting role of railways in implementing the rural revitalization strategy.

Realize the "two-wing Qi Fei" of the Central European train and the western land and sea new channel train

Lu Dongfu introduced that in 2020, China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. will conscientiously implement the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, give full play to the unique advantages such as the segmented transportation of trains in China and Europe and the new land and sea passage in the west, scientifically and rationally formulate the train operation plan, strengthen the cooperation between domestic transportation organizations and international railway intermodal transportation, and achieve a substantial increase in the number of trains against the trend. China-Europe trains operated 12,400 trains and sent 1.135 million TEUs throughout the year, up 50% and 56% respectively. The western land and sea new channel trains operated 3,600 trains and sent 190,000 TEUs throughout the year, up 73% and 80% respectively. In the first two months of this year, the number of trains in China and Europe and the new land and sea passages in the west increased by 96% and 175% respectively, and the role of international strategic passages became more and more prominent, which played an important role in building a new development pattern, ensuring the smooth operation of China’s foreign trade industrial chain and supply chain, and promoting international epidemic prevention cooperation.

Lu Dongfu said that in the next step, China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. will focus on improving the quality of train operation, give full play to the role of China-Europe international railway cooperation mechanism and the coordination committee of train transportation in the new land and sea corridor in the west, accelerate the construction of train collection and transportation system, promote convenient customs clearance services, optimize transportation organization and logistics scheme, continuously improve the intensive operation level of trains, strengthen the docking between China-Europe trains and trains in the new land and sea corridor in the west, and better realize the "Qi Fei with two wings".

Resolutely build China-Laos Railway into a　“the Belt and Road"The landmark project of China-Laos friendship

Lu Dongfu introduced that General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attached great importance to the construction of China-Laos Railway and explicitly requested that China-Laos Railway be built into a landmark project of the Belt and Road Initiative and China-Laos friendship. China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. has given full play to its leading role at the enterprise level, pragmatically pushed forward the project construction, especially since last year, doing everything possible to overcome the impact of the epidemic, ensuring the smooth implementation of the project. At present, the main civil works of the Moding-Vientiane section outside China-Laos Railway have been basically completed, and the Vientiane-Luang Prabang section has been paved ahead of schedule, and the station building project behind the station has been accelerated. It is expected that the entire track will be paved in June; At the same time, under the premise of ensuring safety and quality, we will take effective measures to vigorously promote the construction of bridges, tunnels, tracks and four power projects in Yuxi-Mohan section of China. The main structure of the station building has been capped, which can ensure the opening and operation of the China-Laos Kunwan Railway in early December this year and realize direct transportation between Kunming and Vientiane. At the same time, we are organizing the development of a 160-kilometer-per-hour power concentrated EMU based on China standards, which is suitable for China-Laos Railway line conditions and reflects the cultural elements of China and Laos. This type of EMU will be delivered and tested before the end of August, and will be officially put into use when the entire line of China-Laos Kunming-Wanzhou Railway is put into operation.

China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. will also co-ordinate the construction of the landmark project of "Belt and Road" in Jakarta-Bandung High-speed Railway, comprehensively promote key projects such as tunnels and bridges, and ensure the realization of node targets. We will promote overseas projects such as the Hungarian Railway in an orderly manner to ensure new progress.

Chen Qingwen, an associate professor at Tongji University, pointed out that parents should balance the opportunities and risks of the Internet when guiding their children to surf the Internet. Photo courtesy of respondents

A chart based on interview data of Chen Qingwen’s team. Photo courtesy of respondents

　　I believe many people have had this experience: in some public places, "Xiong Haizi" played games or watched videos with electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablets, and the volume was so loud that parents turned a blind eye. Relevant research reports show that in China, children’s use of new media tends to be younger and more entertaining.

　　On the one hand, new media devices that can be networked, such as mobile phones and tablets, have grown up with a new generation of children and once became a "part" of their bodies; On the other hand, the powerful educational function and interpersonal communication use of new media also make it a sharp weapon for learning and communication.

　　As the mother of a post-00 generation child, Chen Qingwen, an associate professor at Tongji University’s College of Art and Media, faces the same problem: How and how often do children use new media? How should parents guide their children to use new media reasonably?

　　With these questions, Chen Qingwen and his team randomly interviewed 30 families of children aged 3-10 in Shanghai to learn about children’s use of new media, parents’ attitude and involvement in children’s use of new media, and children’s views on parental involvement. On this basis, suggestions are given, and the research results are published in the core journal "Journalist" in August 2019.

　　From "TV Children" to "New Media Children"

　　As a post-1970s generation, Chen Qingwen admitted that he "grew up watching TV". When he was a graduate student at Fudan University 15 years ago, he studied the newly-emerging children’s channel in China. She said that the transition from "TV children" to "new media children" was even faster than the growth of a generation. And this change has brought a kind of trouble to parents: it is difficult to guide children to use new media reasonably with reference to their own experience.

　　Some people may ask, how can they bring up the next generation when there was no TV in the older generation?

　　"Because the new media is more interactive, participatory and creative than the traditional media, but without learning and guidance, children may just regard the new media as TV or game consoles." Chen Qingwen explained that, at the same time, new media are everywhere, and the content is all-encompassing, which is very different from traditional TV and other media. You can leave TV at home, but you can’t live without the Internet and mobile phones. In modern cities, "portable" and "always online" have become the common points for people to use new media.

　　Chen Qingwen felt that "new media children" were born from the moment parents provided their children with new media equipment.

　　Among the 30 families interviewed, one-third of the children have their own new media equipment, and the other two-thirds share it with their parents, many of whom will leave their unused new media equipment for their children to use. In terms of use, most children play games, followed by watching videos, and the third is the homework assigned by the school.

　　According to statistics, more than half of the children use it for a long time, especially on weekends, almost for more than two hours a day. In the trend, many children in the kindergarten group have used new media for a long time, and the use time tends to lengthen with age. In addition, compared with the primary school group, the kindergarten group has a higher proportion of its own new media equipment, which shows that the use of new media is younger.

　　In March this year, the Research Report on the Internet Use of Minors in China in 2018 jointly issued by the Youth Rights Protection Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League and China Internet Information Center showed that as of July 31, 2018, the number of underage netizens in China reached 169 million, and the Internet penetration rate of minors reached 93.7%, which was significantly higher than that of the national population (57.7%) in the same period. According to the report, this is a direct manifestation of the expansion of Internet coverage and the decline of mobile traffic charges in China in recent years, and it is also closely related to minors’ strong interest in the Internet, strong learning ability and great application demand.

　　Don’t let machines take the place of parents’ company

　　In the interview, the research team found that children’s use of new media is mostly due to lack of companionship, especially preschool children. Because parents are busy and have no friends to play with, children have to turn to mobile phones and tablets; With the increase of age, more and more children choose new media.

　　Some parents even choose to use new media instead of themselves to accompany their children. In public places such as restaurants, children are often seen watching videos while eating, perhaps just to let their parents "have a good meal". "She is good with this and doesn’t make any noise, as long as she doesn’t make any noise." A mother said.

　　The interview also found that with the increase of age, more and more children are more willing to choose new media than playing with friends; And the older children are, the less satisfied they seem to be with their new media use time. Most of the respondents in the primary school group felt that their use time was insufficient, and one girl felt that two hours a day was not enough.

　　"When parents use new media instead of accompanying their children, the actual price paid is likely to be huge." Chen Qingwen pointed out in the research report, "As they get older, they are more likely to rely on new media. At this time, even if their parents want to accompany them, they may continue to immerse themselves in communication with machines. When machines replace humans to accompany children, even if people come back, the relationship between children and machines is unbreakable. "

　　Chen Qingwen combined expert opinions and personal experience to give some suggestions to parents. "If you want to control underage children’s use of new media, try not to let them own their own equipment, just lend it to him, that is to say, give children the right to use it, while parents retain the right to control it. As for the balance between control and privacy, you need wisdom."

　　她还表示，虽然目前的学术研究对何时开始管控孩子使用新媒体没有定论，但她觉得，下定决心要管控孩子的父母要尽早采取行动。“很早就让他知道家长要管，会比突然要管好得多”。

　　为什么别人家孩子可以玩电脑，而我不行？

　　在这场“设备争夺战”中，“孩子哭家长吼”是常见的场景。研究团队发现，多数孩子的招数是哭闹和“赖”，能玩多久就玩多久，直到家长把设备收走。

　　有意思的是，在“家长对孩子使用新媒体是否担忧”这个问题上，家长的态度呈现两极化：有17位表示担忧，13位表示不担忧，要么非常支持，要么非常反对。

　　访谈中，有的家长认为“这是趋势”“这个东西早晚要接受”，因而完全不担忧。一位妈妈表示：“谁家都有，反正就是不能落后嘛；她不懂的话就感觉是跟在人家后面，跟不上一样。”

　　而持相反意见的家长态度也很明确，他们的担忧主要体现在三点：一是怕孩子沉迷；二是担心对视力的危害；三是担心暴力等不当内容造成负面影响。

　　陈青文认为，这样“两个极端”的态度使得家长管教孩子的工作陷入困境。“为什么他可以我不行，这是小孩的常问句。例如孩子会说，同学回家都可以用电脑为什么我不行？”

　　Another reason is the change of family education style in China. “‘ Authoritative education ’ It is not easy to work. In the past, parents could answer no, but now they are likely to get a crying and keep asking. After all, children’s energy is much better than ours. "

　　The research team also found that, as in the TV era, the way parents intervene in their children’s use of new media is mainly "restriction", and the time limit is more than the content limit.

　　Most parents in the interview only know that their children are playing games or watching videos, but they don’t know what games or videos their children are playing. Some academic studies believe that restrictive guidance strategies can not only effectively help solve the problems that children may encounter on the Internet, but also easily lead to the decline of the quality of parent-child relationship or frequent conflicts.

　　For children who are out of control, whether they cry, lose their temper or cheat, the parents interviewed said: "Let her cry", "Ignore her" or "yell at him", and some parents will be patient and reasonable, but children will still enter the cycle of yelling if they don’t listen.

　　The mother of a 9-year-old boy said that she usually talks reason first and scolds him if she doesn’t listen. If she scolds him, she will have to yell at him at him at a higher volume. If she doesn’t, she will have to be punished, such as not using new media for a few days or increasing the number of homework. Most parents can insist on not using their children’s noise, but the children’s crying or losing their temper will continue.

　　Academic research proves that parents’ positive intervention is more effective.

　　"We just did a small-scale interview in Shanghai." Chen Qingwen said, "If you want to give scientific advice, you need to do extensive and long-term investigation and research in different cities and rural areas across the country."

　　But before that, some countries encountered these problems earlier than China, and their academic research may provide reference.

　　Chen Qingwen introduced that since the 1980s, the research on parents’ involvement in children’s media use has been popular in the United States. After 1990, the American government emphasized the role of parents in family policy, and related research received more attention. The research points out that the two main intervention methods adopted by parents are "making rules" and "restricting"; The actual behavior of parents can be divided into positive intervention methods such as parent-child discussion and negative intervention methods such as prohibiting or restricting use, and parents adopt the mode of sharing viewing between parents and children.

　　In another paper on the use of new media by minors by British scholars in 2007, the author divided the intervention strategies of parents for their children to use new media into four categories. In addition to joint use and restricted use, parents will also adopt "technology restrictions", that is, use technology software or set restrictions on their children to prevent them from using unauthorized digital media content; And monitor children’s use of websites, letters and games in different ways. Their conclusion is that when parents take active measures to intervene their children’s use of new media, such as sharing or discussion, the negative influence of their children’s use of new media can be effectively reduced.

　　Domestic research on the media also believes that parents’ intervention can bring positive results.

　　For example, in the psychological aspect, the correct intervention of parents and families can reduce teenagers’ psychological anxiety, help build self-confidence and self-esteem and affect teenagers’ mental health; In terms of learning and risk reduction, parents’ active intervention in media use can improve teenagers’ learning effect, reduce the possible negative impact of violent content in the media, affect the formation of children’s gender role attitude, reduce children’s fear response to media content, and reduce some network risks that children may encounter.

　　At the same time, parents’ ideas and the motivation and methods of intervention are extremely important.

　　Foreign studies have found that the more parents want the Internet to have a positive effect on their children and think that the Internet will have a negative impact on their children, the more they will get involved in their children’s use of new media. Domestic research also points out that the more time spent online is strictly restricted by parents, the more recreational motivation teenagers tend to use the Internet.

　　"The key point may not be whether children should use new media or how to use new media at all, but where the parents are and where the children’s minds are. Studies in different fields have pointed out that modern society is busier than before, and how parents create a happy parent-child environment will become an increasingly important issue. Quality companionship between parents and children is one of the necessary conditions for shaping parents. " Chen Qingwen’s interview report wrote.

　　Communicate with your child with your heart

　　What do children think of their parents’ control? The interview results show that on the whole, half of the children think that their parents are reasonable; At the same time, with the growth of children’s age, the proportion of recognition of parents’ intervention control has increased. And "making rules together" and "keeping your word" have become the common standards for children to measure the rationality of parental discipline.

　　Taking nine children in the kindergarten group in the interview report as an example, Min Min, a 4-year-old (all minors below are pseudonyms), feels that his parents are much more in charge; Tingting, 5, feels that her parents don’t care much because they are reasonable. Zhu Zhu, a 5-year-old, said that she was afraid of her father because he was very fierce when he was angry and would say, "I’m telling you! I’m telling you! No matter how, I will kick you downstairs "; Kiki, Doll and Lingling, both 6 years old, are afraid of their mother and think her mother is too fierce.

　　Among the 21 children in the primary school group, 13 children feel that parental control is reasonable, 5 children feel unreasonable, and 3 children are uncertain. Xiao Han, a third-grade student, told the interviewer that she felt that the parental control was sometimes reasonable and sometimes unreasonable. The unreasonable reason was that the mobile phone was forcibly taken away before the agreed time. "My mother said several times that she would play for me for 10 minutes. I didn’t expect that when it was almost two minutes, she said that it was 10 minutes. I didn’t want to, so my mother dragged me away. She said that it was evening and I couldn’t play any more."

　　The interview report suggests that from the perspective of social environment, there are two urgent things: first, timely education courses related to new media literacy should be provided at different stages of children’s growth; The second is to improve parents’ ability to master new media and new technologies.

　　"Not all parents have time and energy to participate or study independently. I think we can start with school education and issue some principles and suggestions for children to take back to their parents." Chen Qingwen explained.

　　In addition to improving their understanding of new media and technologies, parents should also attach importance to communication between parents and children and accompany their children to use new media by guiding participation. Especially in the method of making rules, parents need to talk to their children often. "In fact, kindergarten children have a very clear concept, this is good, how long should it take. If the rules are made by the children themselves, or if the parents discuss with him, the children will be more willing to abide by them. "

　　When attending international academic conferences, Chen Qingwen often discusses these issues with foreign scholars: when to give children new media equipment, how long the screen time should be in a day, and when to let children have their own social media accounts. "Although some organizations will give suggestions, for example, the screen time is no more than one hour or two hours a day, and general social software suggests that people are over 14 years old, but parents have different ideas, different social situations, different family situations, and different children, so you can refer to some research-based suggestions, but in the end you have to find a way that suits you. I don’t think there is an absolute standard."

　　"According to the needs" is Chen Qingwen’s main basis. Her son rarely contacted new media when he was in kindergarten, but when he saw that other children had their own mobile phones, he said that he also wanted to have their own mobile phones. But this wish has not been realized until now that his son is going to middle school, because his son has no need to carry a mobile phone. When she entered middle school, her son needed a computer for some of his homework. The school asked for a laptop for her child, so she bought the laptop she wanted, but only if it was used for study and could not be loaded with games. "At present, the school has just started, and there are still any problems in the future. I am also walking and watching."

　　"In our research, we found that intentional is better than unintentional. As long as you are intentional, children can feel it. My suggestions are: teach students in accordance with their aptitude, learn from each other, and communicate with your heart. From the perspective of communication, intentional communication can enhance feelings and reduce misunderstandings, which is actually the most effective method. " Chen Qingwen said. (China Youth Daily China Youth Network Trainee reporter Wei Qimeng)

There are 214 kinds of mounts in ff14, of which 35 are online in version 2.x, They are Chocobo, Heritage Chocobo, Gupu Orangutan, Eye of the Ghost, Bearded Leopard, Magic Armor, Unicorn, Besimos, Bingdui Huojiao, Yueguiguan Gupu Orangutan, Magic Armor Type C, Nightmare, Fat Chocobo, Shuibing Shuilong Lizard, Bomb Hanging Chair, Fire Demon Maheton, Wind Demon Makesantus, Earth Demon Maghur Faksy, Water Demon.

Click to view: illustrations of all 214 mount acquisition methods of ff14.

The ff142.x version of the mount is complete as follows:

Computer users can use it.Ctrl+F, and theninputNeed to look forMount name,Fast positioningMount acquisition method and location.

Exclusive Chocobo

After the role is level 20 and the main line of level 20 is completed to join the Legion, use 200 military tickets to exchange "corresponding to the name of the Great National Defense Coalition+Chocobo voucher" at the Legion Replenishment.

Heritage Chocobo

Prop shopping mall purchase

Gupu orangutan

Buy digital collection package to get

Eye of the ghost

Integral mall exchange

Long bearded leopard

Integral mall exchange

Magic armor

Complete the main line "beyond fantasy, study the magic weapon"

unicorn

Illusionist Lv30 branch line "My only hope"

behemoth

Purchase monthly cards for 9 months.

Bing dui huo jiao

After the lizard Terran’s friendliness reached-trust, it was purchased at the barbarian store for 120,000 game coins.

Moon laurel ancient Buddha orangutan

After the goblin family’s friendliness reaches-trust, they spend 120,000 game coins in this barbarian shop to buy it.

Magic armor type c

After completing the achievement "unforgettable teammate", you will get it.

have a nightmare

Eve Park Jung Su fighters/Titan/Garuda fighters-rare fall

Pang Chocobo

Crystal heritage Zhan

Water lizard of the army

After the fish Terran’s friendliness is reached-trusted, it will cost 120,000 game coins in this barbarian store.

Explosive hanging chair

After the Earthling’s friendliness reached-trust, I spent 120,000 game coins in this barbarian store.

Fire demon Ma ‘aituoen

Eve Park Jung Su’s Fight-Rare Fall

Wind demon ma ke San tu si

Garuda’s war of annihilation-rare fall

Maghur faxi, the local demon.

Titan’s battle-rare fall

Water demon Maain Barr

Leviathan’s Battle-Rare Fall

Zhanshi

Obtained after completing the achievement of "tenacious knight"

War bear

Obtained after completing the achievement of "Brave Warrior"

Grand Chocobo.

Crystal heritage Zhan

Afraid of wolves

Bird Terran Friendly Degree Reached-After the pledge, I spent 120,000 game coins in this barbarian store to buy it.

Black vortex war horse

Obtained after completing the achievement "Triumph of the Sea Capital 4"

Double snake war horse

Obtained after completing the achievement "Triumph of the Forest Capital 4"

Henghui war horse

Obtained after completing the achievement "Triumph of the Sand Capital 4"

Lei Yao Ma Ma Ka Bu

Ram fights-rare fall

Slapnier

Prop shopping mall purchase

The ice demon Marporias

Shiva’s fight-rare fall

Marching in Chocobo

Obtained after completing the achievement "unforgettable 2"

Ceremony Chocobo

Oath of Love-Gold or Platinum Scheme

kylin

After obtaining and using six mandolin flutes of fire, earth, wind, water, thunder and ice, I went to Moduna to complete the task of "auspicious from heaven".

Riding system

Obtained after completing the achievement "Hero Triumph"

Jingjingui

Kingdee currency 200,000 is exchanged for prizes.

Fenrir

Kingdee 1 million for prizes.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Shanghai, March 12th Question: Can the appearance of major illegal delisting regulations activate the "metabolism" mechanism of A shares?

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Pan Qing

　　On the 9th, the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges simultaneously issued the Measures for the Implementation of Mandatory Delisting of Listed Companies for Major Violations of Law (Draft for Comment). While stipulating the circumstances of major illegal delisting, it is clear that major illegal listed companies may not resume listing, and fraudulent issuing companies may not apply for re-listing.

　　In the new round of delisting system reform, why does fraudulent issuance bear the brunt? The compliance index of delisting system tends to be perfect. Can the "metabolism" mechanism of A shares be activated?

　　The new delisting rules of Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges were unveiled, and fraudulent issuance was the first to bear the brunt.

　　On March 2nd, CSRC publicly solicited opinions from the public on the revision of Several Opinions on Reforming, Perfecting and Strictly Implementing the Delisting System of Listed Companies, strengthened the decision-making subject responsibility of the Exchange for the mandatory delisting of major illegal companies, and improved the mandatory delisting system for major illegal companies.

　　A week later, the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges simultaneously issued the "Implementation Measures for Compulsory Delisting of Listed Companies for Major Violations (Draft for Comment)", which achieved full coverage and strict handling of possible major violations by listed companies through institutional arrangements.

　　According to the exposure draft, the major illegal delisting situations stipulated in the Measures include not only the fraud in the initial public offering and reorganization listing, but also the major illegal disclosure of information such as annual reports. At the same time, the illegal facts identified by administrative punishment and judicial judgment can be used as the basis for the determination of compulsory delisting.

　　Among all kinds of major illegal acts, fraudulent issuance bears the brunt. The new regulations stipulate that there are false records, misleading statements or major omissions in the application or disclosure documents of listed companies for initial public offering of shares, which are determined by the administrative punishment decision of the China Securities Regulatory Commission to constitute fraudulent issuance, or are made guilty by the people’s court according to Article 160 of the Criminal Law. Effective judgment; If a listed company issues shares to purchase assets, which constitutes reorganization and listing, its application or disclosure documents contain false records, misleading statements or major omissions, and it is determined by the China Securities Regulatory Commission that it constitutes fraudulent issuance, it will be forced to withdraw from the market.

　　"Don’t tell lies, don’t make false accounts, true disclosure is the issuer’s absolute legal obligation and basic integrity requirements. Fear of the law, respect for the law, and adherence to the law are the bottom line requirements for issuers to participate in securities market issuance activities. " Lu Wendao, the chief counsel of the Shanghai Stock Exchange, said that as the most serious illegal act in the securities market, fraudulent issuance seriously eroded the operating foundation of the securities market and should be resolutely delisted and never tolerated.

　　Optimize delisting procedures and tighten the road of "coming back"

　　In addition to clarifying the situation of mandatory delisting for major violations of the law, the other two highlights of the new regulations are to optimize delisting procedures and tighten the road of "coming back".

　　On the one hand, it is stipulated that the period of suspension of listing due to triggering major illegal forced delisting will be shortened from 12 months to 6 months.

　　On the other hand, after a major illegal company is suspended from listing, it will no longer consider the company’s rectification and compensation, and will directly terminate its listing after the expiration of six months and may not resume listing. A company delisted due to fraudulent issuance shall not apply for re-listing. The time interval for companies that illegally delisted due to major information disclosure to apply for re-listing was extended from one year to five years.

　　Prior to this, in the revision of the opinions on delisting reform, the CSRC decoupled the delisting of listed companies from the transfer to public security organs, and deleted the provisions on correcting illegal acts, replacing responsible personnel and properly arranging civil compensation to apply for resumption of listing.

　　Jiang Mingde, chief consultant of Yixin Weiye Fund, believes that whether it is blocking the "back door" to correct illegal resumption of listing or closing the "door" for fraudulent issuing companies to return to A shares, it has conveyed a clear signal of strict supervision of major illegal delisting.

　　While fully covering major illegal acts, the new regulations will also include "incorrigible after repeated education" in the scope of delisting. It is stipulated in the exposure draft that listed companies should be delisted if they are punished by the CSRC for violating the law of information disclosure for more than three times within 60 months.

　　The relevant person in charge of the Shanghai Stock Exchange said that the purpose of the above arrangement is to form a comprehensive regulatory deterrent, leaving no dead ends, urging listed companies to fulfill their information disclosure obligations according to laws and regulations, and safeguarding the fundamental interests of small and medium investors.

　　"Metabolism" mechanism is out of order, and diversified delisting indicators should be improved.

　　As the second largest spot stock market in the world, the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets had 3,517 listed companies as of March 9, with a total market value of nearly 58 trillion yuan.

　　While the volume is growing steadily, the A-share market has long been plagued by the failure of the "metabolism" mechanism. Wind statistics show that only 57 listed companies bid farewell to A shares in 17 years since PT Narcissus first set a precedent for delisting in 2001, including some companies that were absorbed and merged and delisted.

　　The poor delisting mechanism has not only led to the chaos of "staying stiff but not retreating", but also seriously affected the stock market’s pricing function and resource allocation function.

　　With the normalization of new share issuance, the supervision of the securities market shows a strict trend in the whole chain. From the initial public offering to the reorganization public offering, a series of system improvements are aimed at "entrance clearance". This also puts forward new requirements for the delisting system reform to unblock the "export customs".

　　After several rounds of reform, A shares have established a market-oriented and diversified delisting index system, including financial indicators such as net profit, net assets, operating income and non-standard audit opinions, as well as trading indicators such as stock volume and stock closing price. On this basis, the release of relevant rules for mandatory delisting of major violations of laws will improve the compliance delisting indicators.

　　It is worth noting that the new round of reform gives the two major exchanges the right to formulate rules for major illegal delisting. The relevant person in charge of the Shanghai Stock Exchange said that it will effectively assume the main responsibility of delisting decision-making, take whether major illegal acts affect the listing status of listed companies as the focus of consideration in rule-making, and clarify specific standards and implement supporting procedures and mechanisms in accordance with the principle of strictness.

　　Prior to this, the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges had already practiced the mandatory delisting of major illegal activities. In 2016, *ST Boyuan, which was involved in major violations of information disclosure, became the first listed company in the history of A shares to be forced to withdraw from the market due to major violations. The following year, Xintai Electric became the first case of forced delisting of fraudulent issuance.