No.122 [2023] of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

The competent departments of industry and information technology of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities under separate state planning, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, relevant industry associations, enterprises and institutions:

The "Implementation Opinions on the Construction and Application of Manufacturing Technology Innovation System" are hereby printed and distributed to you, please conscientiously implement it according to the actual situation.

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

August 15, 2023

Note:

① There are 1-5★, and the more★, the higher the overall level. Among them, one ★ belongs to the field of "stuck neck", which is highly dependent on the outside world in terms of products and technology, and its self-sufficiency rate is very low. Two ★ means that technology belongs to the field of "stuck neck", and it is externally dependent on products and technologies, and the technology and products as a whole are not competitive and have weak self-sufficiency ability. 3 ★ means that the independent technology and products are in the "usable" stage, and some technologies and products in the link have certain competitiveness at home and abroad, and the self-sufficiency rate is at a medium level. 4 ★ means that the independent technology and products are in the "easy to use" stage, and some technologies in the link have strong international competitiveness and high self-sufficiency rate. Five ★ represents that the independent technology and products in the link are in the "easy to use" stage, with strong international competitiveness, leading domestic technology level and high self-sufficiency rate.

② It is divided into 1-5 grades, and the higher the number, the higher the level of technological development. Among them, the level 1 representative has weak technical ability and is seriously subject to people. Level-2 represents weak self-owned technical ability, and key technologies are subject to people. Level 3 represents a certain breakthrough in its own technology and keeps pace with the international leading level. The key technologies of Level 4 Representative are relatively mature, and some of them have reached the international advanced level. Level 5 represents the establishment and perfection of its own technical system, and the key technologies have reached the international leading level.

③ It is divided into 1-5 grades, and the larger the number, the higher the basic commonality. Among them, level 1 represents the key technology is only the unique technology of the production object in this link. Level 2 represents that key technologies are applicable to this subdivision. Level 3 means that key technologies are applicable to this industry. Level 4 means that key technologies are applicable to most industries. Level 5 represents that key technologies are widely applicable to various industries.

④ It is divided into 1-5 grades. The larger the number, the greater the gap and the difficulty of catching up. Among them, the level of level 1 representatives is basically the same as that of foreign countries. There is a gap of 1-3 years between the level of level 2 representatives and that of foreign countries. There is a gap of 3-5 years between the level of level 3 representatives and that of foreign countries. There is a gap of 5-10 years between the level of level 4 delegates and that of foreign countries. There is a gap of more than 10 years between the level of level 5 representatives and that of foreign countries.

Main characteristic indicators: describe the technical indicators that can be compared at home and abroad.

⑤ The technology without independent ability corresponds to level 1 in the overall evaluation of the list of key technologies, indicating that the technology is completely dependent on the outside world and is in the stage of tackling key scientific and technological problems; The technologies to be industrialized correspond to Grade 2-3 in the overall evaluation of the list of key technologies. Grade 2 indicates that the technology has passed the stage of tackling key scientific and technological problems and is in the stage of commercialization and small-batch production of achievements. Grade 3 indicates that the products and technological processes tend to be mature but have not yet completed the industrialization stage. Mature technologies that can be widely popularized correspond to grades 4-5 in the overall evaluation of the list of key technologies. Grade 4 indicates that the technology has been preliminarily matured and can be applied to individual industries, and grade 5 indicates that the technology is advanced and mature and can be widely popularized.

Note:

① It is divided into 1-5 pieces. The more pieces, the higher the overall level. The overall evaluation can be made by combining the gap between domestic and foreign material suppliers, the diversity and stability of material sources, etc.

② It is divided into 1-5 grades, and the greater the number, the greater the gap. Level 1 represents a high market share of domestic materials, which has strong international competitiveness and is in the forefront of the international market share. Level 2 represents a high market share of domestic materials and has certain competitiveness in the world. Level 3 represents that domestic materials are in the "usable" stage and have a certain market share. Level 4 means that the materials are mainly from abroad, and the domestic materials are in the stage of "not easy to use". Level 5 means that there is no relevant material supplier in China, and the degree of control is high.

③ It is divided into 1-5 grades, and the bigger the number, the better the situation. Overall evaluation can be given in combination with diversity and stability. In terms of diversity evaluation, the first-level representative supplier has a single source. The number of level 2 representative suppliers is small, and all of them are foreign suppliers. Level 3 represents a certain number of suppliers, and most of the products are supplied from abroad. Level 4 represents diversified suppliers, some of which are from abroad. Level 5 means that suppliers have diversified sources and have alternatives in extreme cases. In terms of stability, the main suppliers of the first-level representative core products are extremely unstable and highly constrained, which is greatly affected by changes in the international situation. Level 2 represents the unstable suppliers of core products, which are highly controlled and affected by changes in the international situation. Level 3 represents the suppliers of core products with certain stability, and domestic or friendly countries account for a certain proportion. Level 4 represents stable suppliers of core products, mainly domestic or friendly countries. Level 5 represents stable suppliers of core products, mainly domestic suppliers.

Note:

① It is divided into four levels: international leading, international advanced, domestic leading and domestic advanced. It is necessary to fill in the top three enterprises in terms of foreign and domestic share or overall development level respectively.

② It is divided into 1-5 grades, and the bigger the number, the better the situation. Level 1 represents that domestic enterprises have not established cooperative relations or cannot form cooperation due to lack of links; level 2 represents that some upstream and downstream enterprises have established cooperative relations; level 3 represents that upstream and downstream key enterprises have established cooperative relations; level 4 represents that upstream and downstream key links have established extensive cooperative relations and jointly promoted the research and development and industrialization of new technologies and new products; level 5 represents that upstream and downstream enterprises have closely cooperated and collaborative innovations have been widely applied, forming an overall competitive advantage.

Note:

① It is divided into 1-5★ grades, and the more★, the higher the overall level. Overall evaluation combined with domestic manufacturing equipment capabilities and gaps and other factors for overall comprehensive analysis.

② It is divided into 1-5 grades. The larger the number, the greater the gap and the difficulty of catching up. Among them, there is basically no difference in the level of level 1 representatives. There is a gap of 1-3 years between the level of level 2 representatives and that of foreign countries. There is a gap of 3-5 years between the level of level 3 representatives and that of foreign countries. There is a gap of 5-10 years between the level of level 4 delegates and that of foreign countries. There is a gap of more than 10 years between the level of level 5 representatives and foreign countries, so it is very difficult to catch up.

Static breakthrough period: the shortest time required for domestic production of products of the same level as those of foreign countries.

Note:

According to the concept of "quality is determined by R&D and design, realized by manufacturing and guaranteed by inspection and testing", quality runs through the whole life cycle of products and requires various quality engineering technologies. Among them, quality design technology is related design control technology around quality characteristics in the design process of products or manufacturing. Such as: design parameter optimization technology, reliability design technology and so on. Manufacturing process quality control technology is a related control technology around product quality characteristics in the process of product processing and manufacturing. Such as: on-line measurement control technology, equipment stability assurance technology, etc. Detection and test technology is related to the measurement, inspection and test of product quality characteristics. Such as calibration technology. Quality assurance technology: It refers to the technology related to product quality control in order to ensure users’ continuous use requirements and subsequent quality improvement during product delivery and operation. Such as: Operation and Maintenance Task Analysis Technology (OMTA), Fault Reporting, Analysis and Corrective Action System (FRACAS), etc.

① It is divided into 1-5★ grades, and the more★, the higher the overall level. 1★ represents the lack of quality engineering technology, and there is no relevant quality engineering technology institution in China. 2★ represents weak quality engineering technology and lack of authoritative organization. Level 3★ means that there is a gap in quality engineering technology, and it has a well-known quality engineering technology institution. 4★ It represents that there is a gap in some domestic quality engineering technologies, and it has internationally renowned quality engineering technology institutions. 5★ represents that quality engineering technology is at the same level with foreign countries, and it has international advanced quality engineering technology institutions.

② It is divided into 1-5 grades. The larger the number, the greater the gap and the difficulty of catching up. Among them, there is basically no difference in the level of level 1 representatives. There is a gap of 1-3 years between the level of level 2 representatives and that of foreign countries. There is a gap of 3-5 years between the level of level 3 representatives and that of foreign countries. There is a gap of 5-10 years between the level of level 4 delegates and that of foreign countries. There is a gap of more than 10 years between the level of level 5 representatives and foreign countries, so it is very difficult to catch up.

Note:

Standard categories include: international standards, regional standards, national standards, industry standards, group standards and enterprise-led factual standards.

① It is divided into 1-5★ grades, and the more★, the higher the overall level. One ★ represents a serious lack of domestic standards in this field, no independent standards and lack of application, the standards are subject to people and difficult to break through, the right to speak technology is seriously lacking, and the necessary patents for standards are held by foreign enterprises. Two ★ represent the lack of domestic standards in this field, the insufficient number and application of independent standards, the insufficient matching between independent standards and the current level of industrial development, and the existence of many new technologies and products that have not been covered. China has adopted international standards, but it lacks the right to speak in technology. 3 ★ represents that there are a certain number of independent standards in China, but the standard system is not perfect, the applicability of independent standards basically matches the current industrial development level, the digitalization of standards has begun to advance, and there are some new technologies and products that have not been covered. The implementation of standards in this field is good, and the standards have been adopted by certain policies in terms of market access, supervision after the event, etc. China has participated in the formulation of international standards in this field and formed a certain technical discourse right in some sub-fields. 4 ★ Represents that domestic standards in this field are relatively complete, and there is a mature standard system. Independent standards and standards are widely used digitally, which has played a great role in promoting industrial development. The implementation of standards in this field by enterprises is very good, and standards are widely publicized and trained. Standards have more policy acceptance in market access, supervision after the event, etc., and domestic enterprises actively participate in international standardization activities in this field.And formed a greater technical discourse power. Five stars ★ represent that the standards in this field are complete and sufficient, the standard system is sound and forward-looking, and the independent standards and standards are widely used digitally, which has played an important role in promoting industrial development. Enterprises have achieved remarkable results in implementing the standards in this field, with a high compliance rate. They have organized extensive standards publicity and training, and the standards have been widely adopted by policies in terms of market access and supervision afterwards, and have established a leading position in international standardization in this field.

Note:

① It is divided into 1-5★ grades, and the more★, the higher the overall level. The overall evaluation combines the gap between domestic and foreign major service providers, the level of digital development and the level of green development to make a comprehensive analysis.

② It is divided into 1-5 grades, and the higher the number, the higher the level of digital development. Level 1 representatives do not have the relevant digital transformation and development capabilities. The second-level representative part adopted automation technology and information technology to transform and upgrade the production activities, and initially realized the data sharing of the business. Level 3 represents the integration of the equipment and systems involved to realize cross-link data sharing. Level 4 fully excavates and applies the data of personnel, resources and manufacturing in the manufacturing process through digital means, and the production efficiency and product quality are obviously improved. Level 5 represents the iterative upgrading of the industry based on digital technology, efficient coordination of the industrial chain, and accelerated formation of new models and new formats.

③ It is divided into 1-5 grades, and the higher the number, the higher the level of green development. Level 1 represents high energy consumption level of products, weak pollutant treatment capacity and generally weak awareness of green development. Level 2 represents a high level of energy consumption, a weak ability to deal with pollutants, and a weak ability to serve green manufacturing. Level 3 delegates have established a green development mechanism, initially carried out energy conservation, pollutant prevention and control, and formed a number of green technology/solution service providers. Level 4 represents that green and low-carbon technologies have been expanded and applied, energy consumption level and carbon emission intensity have been steadily reduced, and the green technology/solution service system is relatively perfect. Level 5 represents a low energy consumption level, achieving peak carbon dioxide emissions, and improving the green technology/solution service provider system.

④ It is divided into 1-5 grades, and the larger the number, the higher the maturity of the supporting facilities. Level 1 representatives have no relevant public service platform at present. Level 2 representatives have relevant public service platforms, and their service capabilities are single. Level 3 representatives have relevant public service platforms and provide some necessary public service projects. The four-level representative service platform has common services such as information service, financing service, technological innovation service, entrepreneurship service, training service, management consulting service, market development and legal service. The Level-5 representative platform focuses on industrial characteristics and application requirements, and has established complete services including specialized information services, financing services, technological innovation services, entrepreneurial services, training services, management consulting services, market development, and legal services.

　　Cctv newsOn July 9th, the State Council and the Treasury Department of the United States announced that they would impose sanctions on a Xinjiang, China government agency and four officials according to the domestic laws of the United States. In response, Zhao Lijian, spokesman of China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, expressed firm opposition and strong condemnation at today’s (10th) press conference, and announced that reciprocal measures would be taken against relevant American institutions and individuals who behaved badly on Xinjiang-related issues.

　　Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Zhao LijianThe above-mentioned actions of the US side seriously interfere in China’s internal affairs, seriously violate the basic norms of international relations and seriously damage Sino-US relations. China resolutely opposes this and strongly condemns it. In response to the wrong actions of the United States, China decided to take reciprocal measures against relevant American institutions and individuals who behaved badly on Xinjiang-related issues. Xinjiang affairs are purely China’s internal affairs, and the US has no power and is not qualified to interfere.

　　Zhao Lijian emphasized that the China government is determined to defend the interests of national sovereignty, security and development, to crack down on violent, separatist and religious extremist forces, and to oppose any external interference in Xinjiang affairs and China’s internal affairs.

　　Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Zhao LijianWe urge the US to immediately revoke the wrong decision and stop any words and deeds that interfere in China’s internal affairs and harm China’s interests. If the US persists in its actions, China will resolutely fight back.

The article was transferred from WeChat WeChat official account’s "Semiconductor Industry Watch" (ID: ICBank)

First, let’s take a look.Classification of chips:

Pictures fromWechat WeChat official account "semiconductor industry observation"

In daily life, we can find the types of chips, such as communication chips, artificial intelligence chips, LED chips, computer chips and so on.

Industrial chain of chipsHere’s the thing:

According to the industrial chain division, the core link of the chip from design to factory mainly includes six parts:

(1) Design softwareChip design software is a key tool for chip companies to design chip structures. At present, the structural design of chips mainly depends on EDA (Electronic Design Automation) software.

(2) instruction set systemFrom a technical point of view, the CPU is only a high collection of millions of small switches, without an efficient instruction set system, the chip can not run the operating system and software;

(3) Chip design, mainly connected to the interface of electronic products and services;

(4) Manufacturing equipment, that is, the equipment for producing chips;

(5) Round crystal OEMThe wafer foundry is the production workshop of chips from drawings to products, which determines the performance indexes such as nano-technology adopted by chips;

(6) Packaging test, which is the last link before the chip is sold, is mainly aimed at ensuring the quality of the product and has relatively low technical requirements.

Overall, inIn most industries such as instruction set and design, the status of China chip industry is very weak.There is a big gap between China and European and American chip industry enterprises. However, in the sectors with relatively low technical requirements, such as wafer foundry, packaging and testing, is expected to take the lead in rising and become a field that is expected to catch up with the world average.

Domestic chip industry chain and main manufacturers;

Image from: Southwest Securities Research Report

What are the leading players in each subdivision of the chip??

The leading memory chip design in China is Zhaoyi innovation;

The domestic GPU leader is Jing Jiawei;

Yangjie technology is the leader of semiconductor discrete devices in China;

SMIC is the leader of wafer foundry in mainland China;

Sanan Optoelectronics is the global leader in LED chips;

Silanwei is a domestic IDM quality enterprise;

North Huachuang is the leader of domestic semiconductor equipment;

Zhichun Technology is the only A-share high-purity process system integration supplier;

Jingrui Co., Ltd. is a leading enterprise in microelectronics chemicals in China;

Zhongke Shuguang is a leading enterprise in high performance computing in China;

Ziguang Guoxin is a listed company in the semiconductor industry under Ziguang Group, and is currently the leading supplier of integrated circuit chip design and system integration solutions in China.

Beijing Jun is the leading enterprise of embedded processor chips;

Zhongying electronics is a domestic high-quality IC design company;

Huiding Technology is a global leader in biometric chips;

Changdian technology is a domestic semiconductor packaging and testing leader;

In addition to the above leading sub-sectors worthy of further study, we can also pay attention to the investment targets of the National Integrated Circuit Industry Fund (referred to as the "Big Fund") in recent years. Please add WeChat WeChat official account: robotinfo Ma Yun is paying attention.

Everbright Securities summarized the investment targets of "big funds". As of January 19, 2018, big funds have become shareholders of more than 50 companies, involving 18 A-share companies and 3 Hong Kong stock companies. At present, the stock market value of big funds exceeds 20 billion yuan.

Here are some good A-share chip companies.

Zhaoyi innovation: domestic storage faucet

As a domestic storage leader, Zhaoyi Innovation ranks among the top three in the global Nor flash market, and with the withdrawal of Japanese and American companies, its market share continues to increase; The storage price keeps rising, and the company’s profitability is bright.

The company builds IDM storage industry chain. In October 2017, the company and Hefei Industrial Investment Holdings (Group) Co., Ltd. signed a cooperation agreement on memory research and development, and jointly carried out the research and development project of 12-inch wafer memory (including DRAM, etc.) with a process of 19nm memory, namely Hefei Changxin. At present, the research and development is progressing smoothly.

Jiangfeng Electronics: Domestic Target Tap

Ultra-high purity metal and sputtering target are one of the key materials in the production of VLSI. The company’s ultra-high purity metal sputtering target products have been applied to the cutting-edge manufacturing technology of world-renowned semiconductor manufacturers, achieving mass supply at the 16-nanometer technology node, successfully breaking the monopoly pattern of multinational companies in the United States and Japan, and also meeting the mass production demand of domestic manufacturers at the 28-nanometer technology node, filling the gap in China’s electronic materials industry.

The company cooperated with Garber in the CMP project in the United States, and won the first order for domestic CMP polishing pads in November 2017.

North Huachuang: the leader of domestic equipment

As the equipment leader, North Huachuang has benefited deeply from the current wave of wafer factory expansion. The company’s business covers integrated circuits, LEDs, photovoltaics and other fields, and many equipments have entered the 14-nanometer process.

The company’s product line covers seven core categories such as etcher, PVD, CVD, oxidation furnace, cleaning machine, diffusion furnace and MFC, and its downstream customers are mainly domestic first-tier fabs such as SMIC, Changjiang Storage and Huali Microelectronics.

Ziguang Guoxin: storage design+FPGA

The company is a leading memory chip design company in China. The layout of the company includes the acquisition of 51% equity of Xi ‘an Huaxin held by Shandong Huaxin, and the total shareholding has increased to 76%, achieving the goal of becoming the first echelon of domestic memory design. At present, the company’s newly developed DDR4 products are being verified and optimized. Recently, the company started to make efforts on FPGA.

Gaode infrared: infrared chip faucet

As the only manufacturer in China who has mastered the second-class superlattice focal plane detector technology, Gaode Infrared has successfully developed engineering products, which means that new breakthroughs have been achieved in blank areas such as photoelectric "anti-missile" and "anti-satellite". At the same time, the popularization and application of mass and low-cost core devices in the civil field has also established the competitive position of infrared chips made in China in the domestic and even international infrared industry.

SSE Information learned that in 2017, the company’s military orders were partially postponed due to the military reform, and the latest news is that the postponed orders will be resumed without affecting the new procurement plan for 2018.

Huatai Securities believes that vertical division of labor has become the development direction of the business model of the semiconductor industry. It is mainly composed of the following three parts: design, manufacture and sealing test. Revenue accounts for about 27%, 51% and 22% of the total sales revenue of the industrial chain respectively.

Chip design company

The top ten in China are Huawei Hisilicon, thunis Zhanrui, ZTE Microelectronics, Huada Semiconductor, Zhixin Microelectronics, Huiding Technology, Silanwei, Datang Semiconductor, Duntai Technology and Zhongxing Microelectronics.

Important companies:

First place: Haisi

There are a lot of HiSilicon processors and HiSilicon baseband chips in the Huawei mobile phones you use, and HiSilicon chips are also available in the smart TV and security system you bought. HiSilicon will be the largest chip design company in China for a long time, and will rise with the growth of Huawei Group in the future. Qualcomm, the world’s number one, earned $15.4 billion in 2016, 3.5 times that of Haisi.

Second place: Ziguang Zhanrui

Spreadtrum, founded after the merger of Rideco, is currently the largest supplier of Samsung mobile phone processors and baseband chips except its own products. The Samsung mobile phones you bought are mainly low-end series, and the chips inside are Ziguang Zhanrui.

Third place: ZTE Microelectronics

Mainly some chips used in our own communication equipment, and mobile phone chips are still purchased.

Fourth place: Huada Semiconductor

China Electronics and Information Industry Group Co., Ltd. (CEC) is a group company formed by integrating its integrated circuit enterprises. It has a large share in smart cards and security chips, smart card applications, analog circuits, new displays and other fields. At present, Huada Semiconductor has three listed companies, including A-share Shanghai Belling and Hong Kong stock company CLP Holdings and Jingmen Technology.

Fifth place: Zhixin Microelectronics

It is a wholly-owned subsidiary of State Grid Information Industry Group, covering three business directions: chip sensing, communication control and energy saving, and is committed to becoming a provider of high-end products, technologies, services and overall solutions with smart chips as the core.

Sixth place: Huiding Technology

Is a listed company, the company has achieved the second place in the field of fingerprint identification chips in the world, second only to AuthenTec, which provides fingerprint identification chips for Apple.

Seventh place: Silan Microelectronics

LED lighting driving IC is one of its main business income, and it also provides variable frequency motor control chips for home appliance enterprises.

Eighth place: Datang Semiconductor

Industrial layout with smart terminal chips, smart security chips and automotive electronic chips as the core.

Ninth place: Duntai Technology

Founded in the United States in 2005, it is committed to the research and development of man-machine interface solutions, providing the most competitive capacitive screen touch chip, TFT LCD display driver chip, touch display integrated single chip (IDC supporting embedded panel), fingerprint identification chip and pressure touch chip for mobile electronic devices.

Tenth place: Zhongxing Microelectronics

Occupy more than 60% of the global market share of computer image input chips. In 2005, Zhongxing Microelectronics was successfully listed on the NASDAQ stock market in the United States. At the beginning of 2016, Zhongxing Microelectronics launched the world’s first SVAC video codec SoC with integrated neural network processor (NPU), which enabled intelligent analysis results to be encoded with video data at the same time to form a structured video stream. This technology is widely used in video surveillance cameras, which opens a new era of intelligent security monitoring.

The key listed companies are: Ziguang Guoxin, Zhaoyi Innovation (Memory), Huiding Technology, Shilanwei (IDM), Datang Telecom, Quanzhi Technology, Zhongying Electronics (household appliances MCU, lithium battery, etc.), Beijing Junzheng, Apex, Fuhanwei, etc.

Chip manufacturing field

Similar to the panel industry, the manufacturing of semiconductor industry is an asset and technology-intensive industry, with large equipment demand, high technology content and high added value. The investment of a single factory is in the order of tens of billions. According to the data, a state-of-the-art 12-inch wafer production line needs to invest about 45 billion yuan, and TSMC’s 3-nanometer factory investment is expected to be 20 billion US dollars. Key listed companies are: SMIC, Hua Hong Semiconductor, etc.

Memory chip field

At present, the three major memory manufacturers in China are in the intensive construction stage. It is expected that they will enter the equipment installation stage in the first half of 2018, and a new round of equipment commissioning and installation drama will be staged soon.

Yangtze river storage:In March 2016, the national memory base with a total investment of about 160 billion yuan was launched in Wuhan. Four months later, Changjiang Storage Group was formally established, and Ziguang Group participated in the second phase of Changjiang Storage. According to Wuhan Xinxin, the registered capital of Changjiang Storage is invested in two phases. The first phase was jointly funded by the National IC Industry Investment Fund, Hubei Guoxin Industry Investment Fund and Hubei Science and Technology Investment Group, the shareholder of Wuhan Xinxin, and the Yangtze River Storage was established on the basis of Wuhan Xinxin IC Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (namely "Wuhan Xinxin"). The second phase will be jointly funded by Ziguang Group and the National Integrated Circuit Industry Investment Fund. Changjiang Storage will take chip manufacturing as a breakthrough, integrating memory product design, technology research and development, wafer production and testing, and sales. It is estimated that the monthly production capacity will be 300,000 pieces by 2020, and the monthly production capacity will be 1 million pieces by 2030.

Jinhua memory integrated circuit production project is located in the integrated circuit industrial park in Jinjiang, Quanzhou. It is jointly invested by Fujian Electronic Information Group and Quanzhou and Jinjiang governments. The total planned area is 594 mu, and the first phase investment is 37 billion yuan. The construction content includes wafer manufacturing and industrial chain support. It is estimated that the production scale of 60,000 12-inch advanced process memory wafers will be formed in September 2018. After the project is completed, it will fill the gap in the mainstream memory field in China. It is reported that as a key DRAM memory production project supported by the state, Jinhua Project has been included in the list of major projects in the national "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" for major integrated circuit productivity layout planning, and has been supported by the national special construction fund.

Hefei changxinIs a memory project jointly developed by Beijing GigaDevice and Hefei Municipal Government. Invested 7.2 billion US dollars (about NT$ 216.646 billion) to build a 12-inch wafer factory to develop DRAM products. After completion in the future, it is estimated that the maximum monthly production will be as high as 125,000 chips.

Sealing and testing field

Key listed companies include: Changdian Technology (leading company), Huatian Technology (excellent financial indicators), Tongfu Microelectronics, Taiji Industry (DRAM sealing and testing, clean room), Shenzhen Technology, etc.

Integrated circuit equipment

There are only four wafer manufacturing equipment suppliers above designated size in China, accounting for 7%: according to the report of global wafer manufacturing equipment suppliers above designated size released by Gartner, there are 58 equipment companies in its statistical range, and China only holds 4 seats, namely North Huachuang, Zhongwei Semiconductor, Shengmei Semiconductor and Mattson (acquired by Yizhuang Guotou in 2016), and the others are located in Japan, 13 in the European Union, 10 in the United States, 7 in South Korea.

The key listed companies are: North Huachuang, a leader in high-end IC process equipment, Changchuan Technology, a leader in testing equipment (covering the whole field of manufacturing and packaging), and high-purity process leader to pure technology (lithography, etching, etc.), all of which use chemicals and special gases and have high requirements on purity. Pure technology is to control the purity of gas) and single crystal equipment leader Jingsheng electromechanical, etc.

semiconductor material

China’s semiconductor manufacturing materials industry maintained a sustained growth trend. In 2016, the sales revenue of semiconductor materials enterprises in China was 25.6 billion yuan. It is estimated that China will become the third largest market in the world after 2018. The localization of material supply chain is not only conducive to the control of manufacturing cost, rapid and timely response of service, safe and controllable technology, but also brings more industrial synergy benefits.

The key listed companies are: with the continuous breakthrough of reagent purification and transportation technology, the amount of wet electronic chemicals is relatively certain in a short period of time, and it is suggested to focus on domestic leading Jingrui Co., Ltd. and Jianghuawei; At present, the target material is the first sub-industry of semiconductor core industry chain in China, so it is suggested to focus on Jiangfeng Electronics, the domestic target leader. Large-size silicon wafer is also a relatively certain field in the future. It is suggested to pay attention to Shanghai Xinyang, a pioneer company that is already in the trial production certification stage. In addition, Nanda Optoelectronics in the field of photoresist and Dinglong shares in the field of CMP polishing pad are expected to take the lead in technological breakthroughs and realize import substitution at an early date.

　　Recently, although the Korean entertainment circle is shrouded in the shadow of star suicide, many stars have made their love affairs public. Cui Zhiyou and Li Zhenxu, Li Dongjian and Ye-ryeon Cha, Jiang Huizhen and Tablo, Han Gaoen and Jin Dongyuan have all become the targets of media pursuit, which is enough to sweep away the haze caused by suicide. According to media analysis, the biggest driving force for artists’ open love affair is the global financial crisis.

　　In February, Tablo, who disclosed the fact of love, once again disclosed the intimate photos with her lover Jiang Huizhen, and they showed their love at the dinner table. At the same time, Tablo also expressed his endless affection for his lover in his blog.

　　Active exposure type

　　Jiang Huizhen and Tablo

　　Jiang Huizhen, an actress, is much more high-profile. She recently made it public on a TV program that she is in love with the singer Tablo. She revealed that since the public affair, they don’t have to secretly date as before, so they feel very comfortable. According to reports, the two met through friends at the end of last year and soon developed into lovers. After that, Tablo also talked about love generously: "I feel very happy because she is here. She always brings me endless energy. I really appreciate her."

Han Gaoen and Jin Dongyuan.

　　Han Gaoen and Jin Dongyuan.

　　Coincidentally, Han Gaoen, an actor, suddenly exposed a new love affair on a TV program a few days ago: "I have a lover who has known each other for about 12 years and dated for 2 months. He is not an actor, and we have a good relationship. " As soon as this remark came out, it attracted media speculation. After verification, it was found that it was director Jin Dongyuan who captured Han Gaoen’s heart. After he became famous as an advertising director in the 1990s, he broke into the Korean film industry in 2006 through the popular film "One Head and One Master". The fate of the two can be traced back to 12 years ago. Han Gaoen’s first advertising work was written by Jin Dongyuan. Last November, the two quickly developed into lovers in the process of filming the movie "The City of Regret".

Han Zhihui was photographed by a Korean media when they went hiking together for a date.

　　Han Zhihui fell in love with the prosecutor.

　　Generally, artists meet secretly in the parking lot in front of their homes for fear of exposure. On the contrary, actor Han Zhihui (25 years old) enjoys public dating happily. At present, she is in love with A Jun, a prosecutor who is six years older than herself, and Han Zhihui also admitted that they have recently started dating since they met in January this year.

　　Mr. A, the hero who won Han Zhihui’s heart, is an elite prosecutor. Although he has not been in office for a long time, he has been recognized by his colleagues and predecessors with his honesty. A Jun not only graduated from Seoul National University, the highest institution in Korea, but also passed the judicial examination. He is a talented person with a bright future.

Xin ‘ai

Sung – eun Kim

　　Xin Ai Seong-eun Kim found their own home.

　　In addition, actors Xin Ai and Seong-eun Kim announced the "good news" in March. The former will marry a Korean student who is two years older than her and is studying in the United States in May and June. The latter confessed in the SBS TV program that he was "happily in love" with South Korean football player Zheng Zhaoguo.

General Office of Hunan Provincial People’s Government

On the issuance of "prevention and control of air pollution in Hunan Province"“Guard the blue sky"

Action plan for tackling key problems (2023—2025Notice of the year)

Hunan zhengban made [2023〕34number

HNPR—2023—01018

 

The people’s governments of cities, counties and cities, the provincial government departments and commissions, and the directly affiliated institutions:

Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in Hunan Province“Guard the blue sky"Action plan for tackling key problems (2023—2025Year) has been agreed by the provincial people’s government and is hereby issued to you, please implement it carefully.

 

General Office of Hunan Provincial People’s Government               

2023yeareightmoon23Sun         

 

Prevention and control of air pollution in Hunan Province“Guard the blue sky"Action plan for tackling key problems

(2023—2025Year)

 

In order to defend the blue sky in depth and strive to achieve a fundamental improvement in the quality of the atmospheric environment in the province, according to the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Air Pollution Prevention Law and Hunan Province“China’s 14th five-year plan"Eco-environmental protection plan "and other laws, regulations and policies, this action plan is formulated.

I. General requirements

(A) the guiding ideology

Thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress and the supreme leader’s thought of ecological civilization, implement the spirit of the National Conference on Ecological Environmental Protection, take the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction as the overall starting point, take the overall improvement of air quality as the core, focus on reducing heavy pollution weather and solving outstanding atmospheric environmental problems, highlight systematic governance, source governance and comprehensive governance, strengthen precise pollution control, scientific pollution control and pollution control according to law, adhere to the problem-oriented, goal-oriented and result-oriented principles, and make every effort, punch and make efforts.“See results in one year and improve in two years.2025Basically eliminate heavily polluted weather in".

(2) Basic principles

——Insist on optimizing the structure and treat both the symptoms and root causes. Effectively promote the optimization and adjustment of energy, industry and transportation structure, effectively improve the clean and low-carbon level, carry out in-depth pollution control in key industries, and greatly reduce the total amount of air pollutants discharged in key areas.

——Insist on highlighting key points and synergizing. focusPM_2.fiveAnd ozone, highlight key areas, tasks and time periods, strengthen coordinated emission reduction of multiple pollutants, and promote coordinated governance and joint prevention and control.

——Adhere to joint management and compact responsibility. Clarify the division of responsibilities, strengthen departmental cooperation, and form a joint force to overcome difficulties. Strengthen the linkage between monitoring, law enforcement and supervision, consolidate capacity building, strictly control and strictly examine, and promote the implementation of responsibilities and measures.

(3) attack the target

2023In, the national air quality index was achieved, and the whole provincePM_2.fiveConcentration strives for34μg/m^threeWithin; Among them Changsha City is in37μg/m^threeWithin.2024Year, ahead of schedule to complete the state issued.“China’s 14th five-year plan"Air quality goal, the whole provincePM_2.fiveConcentration at33μg/m^threeWithin; Among them Changsha City is in36μg/m^threeWithin, and strive to catch up with the middle reaches of the provincial capital cities.2025In, the whole provincePM_2.fiveConcentration at32μg/m^threeWithin, strive to reach the national average, in the forefront of the six central provinces, basically eliminate heavy pollution weather; Among them Changsha City is in35μg/m^threeWithin, and ensure that it reaches the upper-middle level of the provincial capital cities, and strive to rank among the advanced ranks. (See Annex for details)

Second, attack the task

Deploy key tasks around key areas of air pollution prevention and control, and promote the effectiveness of key actions.

(1) Energy field

onePromote green and low-carbon energy transformation. Strictly implement the substitution of equal amount and reduction of coal, and increase the proportion of coal consumption. Expand natural gas sources through multiple channels, increase the proportion of external electricity reception, and continue to advance.“Coal to gas”“Coal to electricity"Project, vigorously promote the use of clean energy or power plant heat, industrial waste heat, etc. to replace coal for boilers and furnaces, and accelerate the promotion of building materials enterprises such as glass and floor tiles, as well as blast furnaces and reverberatory furnaces in non-ferrous smelting industries.“Coal to gas"In accordance with the law and regulations, promote the orderly exit of gas producers and promote the development of non-fossil energy. arrive2025In, the proportion of coal consumption in primary energy consumption fell to51%About, the proportion of coal consumption reached55%Above.[Provincial Development and Reform Commission (Provincial Energy Bureau) takes the lead, and the municipal people’s governments are responsible for the implementation; The following are required to be implemented by the municipal people’s governments, and are no longer listed]

2Strengthen the control of no-burn zone and promote the substitution of loose coal. Strengthen the supervision of coal production, sales and use. Optimize and adjust the scope of the no-burn zone for highly polluting fuels, and severely investigate and deal with coal burning behavior in the no-burn zone. Promote the low-carbon transformation of rural energy consumption and accelerate the substitution of loose coal for agricultural planting, breeding and agricultural product processing.[Provincial Development and Reform Commission (Provincial Energy Bureau), Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Provincial Market Supervision Bureau are responsible for the division of responsibilities]

threeImprove the energy efficiency level of key industries. We will carry out energy-saving and carbon-reducing transformation in key industries, fully implement energy-saving technological transformation for existing projects below the benchmark level of energy efficiency in the province, and build projects under construction and proposed in accordance with the national industry energy efficiency benchmark level. arrive2025In, enterprises in key industries such as steel, building materials and chemical industry all reached the benchmark level of energy efficiency, and the proportion of enterprises reaching the benchmark level of energy efficiency exceeded.thirty percent; The average power supply coal consumption of coal-fired power units in the province has dropped to300Kebiao coal/Below kwh.[Provincial Development and Reform Commission (Provincial Energy Bureau) and Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology are responsible for the division of responsibilities]

(II) Industry and information technology

oneOptimize the industrial structure and layout. Strict project access, containment“Two highs and one low."The project develops blindly. Implement industrial planning and industrial policies, strictly implement measures for capacity replacement in key industries, and eliminate backward production capacity according to laws and regulations. Optimize the layout of industrial chain, carry out investigation and rectification of traditional industrial clusters, and promote key gas-related enterprises to enter the park. arrive2025In 2000, brick and tile enterprises with low environmental performance were shut down in accordance with relevant policies and environmental protection standards.(The Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, the Provincial Development and Reform Commission and the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

2Promote the green and low-carbon development of the industry. We will improve the energy-saving standard system and carry out mandatory cleaner production audits in key industries. Vigorously promote green manufacturing and promote the construction of green factories and green parks. arrive2025In, the energy consumption of added value of industrial units above designated size decreased.14%The emission intensity of major pollutants in key industries has decreased.10%; build50Home at or above the provincial level green park,500A green factory, enterprises in key industries in various cities and states have fully completed a round of cleaner production audit, and the voluntary cleaner production audit in the whole province has passed the enterprise.1500Above home.(The Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, the Provincial Development and Reform Commission and the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

threeIncrease and decreaseVOCsSubstitution of raw and auxiliary materials. Establish a multi-sectoral joint law enforcement mechanism, strengthen supervision and inspection, and ensure that production, sales and use meet the requirements.VOCsProducts with standard content limit. Focusing on industrial painting, packaging printing and adhesive use, it is clearly put forward in the cleaner production audit of enterprises that lowVOCsSubstitution requirements for raw and auxiliary materials.(The Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, the Provincial Department of Ecological Environment and the Provincial Market Supervision Bureau are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

(3) The field of transportation

onePromote the green transformation of cargo transportation. Promote the transportation of bulk goods“Revolving iron and water", advance“multimodal transport”“Scattered change set”“External set internal match"And other modes of transportation, and gradually increase the proportion of clean transportation of bulk goods. Optimize and upgrade the road network structure, and accelerate the construction of the new line expansion project of Changzhu section of Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway. arrive2025In, the freight volume of railways and waterways in the whole province was higher than that of other provinces.2020Annual growth10%and12%The container combined transport of molten iron has increased annually.15%Above; The proportion of clean transportation of bulk goods by enterprises in key industries such as thermal power, steel, coal, coking and nonferrous metals has reached.70%Above.(The Provincial Department of Transportation, the Provincial Development and Reform Commission and the Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

2Promote the clean and low-carbon development of vehicles and boats. Focus on public vehicles and medium and heavy trucks, promote the cleanliness of traditional vehicles, and accelerate the construction of new energy transportation infrastructure. Intensify the elimination of ships with high energy consumption and high emissions, and accelerate the transformation of ship power receiving devices. arrive2025In, the sales volume of new energy vehicles reached the total sales volume of new vehicles.20%Around, the proportion of new energy vehicles in new or updated buses, taxis, logistics and light sanitation vehicles in key cities and national ecological civilization experimental zones is not less than80%; accomplish1000Renovation of power receiving facilities for inland dry bulk ships and multi-purpose ships with deadweight tons or above.(Provincial Department of Transportation, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Finance and Provincial Department of Commerce are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

threeStrengthen the prevention and control of pollution from ships and ports. Strengthen the supervision of ship fuel use, and install flue gas treatment facilities for ships with conditions. Accelerate the construction of shore power facilities, and ships with power receiving facilities (except tankers) will berth in berths with shore power supply capacity for more than.2Hours and no effective alternative measures are used, shore power should be used. Promote the use of electric machinery in ports and docks, and gradually ban the use of non-road mobile machinery with national emission standards of Grade III and below. arrive2025In, the shore power consumption of ships berthing at port increased annually.10%Above.(Provincial Department of Transportation and Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

(D) Industrial governance

onePromote ultra-low emission and deep treatment of boiler and kiln. We will comprehensively carry out ultra-low emission transformation in the steel and cement industries, carry out in-depth treatment of boilers and kilns and investigation of simple and inefficient treatment facilities, and carry out special rectification of key industries with high emissions. Biomass boilers use special stoves and molding fuels and provide efficient treatment facilities to promote the installation of on-line flue gas monitoring facilities for biomass boilers in urban built-up areas. arrive2025In, the ultra-low emission transformation of steel and cement enterprises in key cities was fully completed.(Led by the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment)

2Carry out involvementVOCsWhole-process rectification of key industries. Continue to carry outVOCsInvestigate and clean up outstanding problems in governanceSimple and inefficient, non-compliant treatment facilities, strengthen the control of unorganized and abnormal working conditions of waste gas emissions. Standardize the development of ldar. Promote the construction of new cities and States respectively.one—threeIndividual involvementVOCs“Green Island"Project.(Led by the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment)

threeStrengthen the response to heavy pollution weather from industrial sources. Improve the emergency emission reduction list to ensure full coverage of gas-related enterprises. Incorporate emergency emission reduction measures into the management of pollutant discharge permits. Severely crack down on online monitoring, operation and maintenance, falsification of manual monitoring reports, abnormal operation of treatment facilities and failure to implement emergency measures for heavy pollution reduction. Actively improve the environmental performance level of enterprises in key industries of emergency emission reduction. arrive2025In, the proportion of enterprises with non-minimum performance level in the province strives to reach.10%, steel, cement enterprises all reached.B(includingB?) level and above.(Led by the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment)

(5) Pollution control of diesel trucks

oneStrengthen the supervision of motor vehicles meeting the standards. Intensify road inspection, road inspection and household inspection. Strict motor vehicle environmental inspection management, severely investigate and deal with illegal acts. Optimize traffic control measures, formulate, improve and strictly implement the policy of prohibiting and restricting high-emission vehicles, scientifically plan the passage around the city, and reduce the number of diesel trucks with national emission standards of Grade III and below entering the urban area; Air quality comprehensive index orPM_2.fiveCities and States whose concentration is higher than the average level of the whole province should study and take dynamic restrictions on fuel vehicles in urban areas in a specific period of time in time. Severely crack down on motor vehicle trespassing in restricted areas.(Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, Provincial Public Security Department, Provincial Department of Transportation and Provincial Market Supervision Bureau are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

2Promote the elimination of old motor vehicles. Vigorously promote the elimination and renewal of old vehicles, and encourage key cities with conditions to speed up the introduction and improvement of policies such as subsidies for early elimination and scrapping of diesel trucks. Strict implementation of motor vehicle compulsory scrapping standards, the vehicle license plate that meets the compulsory scrapping standards shall be declared invalid according to the law, and those that meet the compulsory scrapping conditions shall be handed over to the scrapped motor vehicle recycling enterprises for recycling and dismantling. arrive2025In, according to the national regulations, the diesel trucks with emission standards of Grade III and below were eliminated.(Provincial Public Security Department, Provincial Department of Commerce, Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment and Provincial Department of Finance are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

threeStrengthen the supervision of off-road mobile machinery. Strictly formulate and implement measures to ban high-emission non-road mobile machinery, and strengthen the supervision of use in low-emission areas. Continue to carry out non-road mobile machinery coding registration and sampling work. Promote the electrification of working vehicles and machinery in factories and mines. arrive2025In, non-road mobile machinery with national emission standards and below was basically eliminated.(Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Provincial Department of Transportation and Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

fourPromote the supervision of key vehicle units. Promote key vehicle units to use electric vehicles or belt corridors instead of diesel trucks in short-circuit and fixed lines, improve vehicle use accounts, strengthen the construction of intelligent access control systems, and increase the proportion of diesel trucks or clean energy trucks with national six emission standards.(The Provincial Department of Transportation, the Provincial Public Security Department and the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

(6) the field of refined oil circulation

oneStrengthen the management of oil and gas recovery in gas stations. Carry out special inspection of oil and gas recovery in storage, transportation and marketing, and the gas station completed three oil and gas recovery treatments as required. arrive2025In, the annual sales of gasoline is greater than5000Tons (inclusive) of gas stations have completed the installation and networking of online monitoring facilities for oil and gas recovery.(The Provincial Department of Commerce and the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

2Strengthen the comprehensive management of the refined oil circulation market. Regularly develop the field of refined oil circulation.“Fight against illegal activities."Special action, comprehensively clean up and rectify self-built oil tanks, mobile refueling vehicles (ships) and black gas stations without licenses or expired licenses. Improve the joint supervision mechanism of oil products, and achieve the quality sampling inspection of oil products in refined oil business stations (points) every year1600More than batches.(Provincial Department of Commerce, Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, Provincial Public Security Department, Provincial Emergency Department and Provincial Department of Transportation are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

threePromote the management of crude oil and refined oil terminals and tankers. Carry out the investigation of the current situation of oil and gas recovery and management of crude oil and refined oil terminal berths and tankers and the construction of facilities. arrive2025Year,5000The berths of crude oil and refined oil terminals with tonnage and above have all completed the construction of oil and gas recovery facilities.(Provincial Department of Transportation and Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

(seven) the field of urban and rural housing construction

oneStrengthen pollution control in construction. Incorporate the prevention and control of dust pollution into the target management of safety production and the credit evaluation of construction units. Carry out special inspections on dust control at construction sites and the use of construction machinery to speed up popularization and application.“internet+Smart Construction Site"Supervision system. Continue to promote the development of prefabricated buildings, encourage prefabricated decoration, and guide the low use of housing buildings.VOCsContent paint and other green building materials products.(led by the Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, with the participation of the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment and the Provincial Department of Water Resources)

2Strengthen the dust control of roads and bare soil. Promotion road“Suction, sweeping and closing"Combine operation modes, establish an evaluation mechanism of road dust load, and improve the quality of cleaning. Take measures such as greening, hardening and covering for urban public areas and long-term undeveloped bare land to timely control dust. Continue to carry out open-pit mine restoration and management, and further promote the construction of green mines.(The Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Provincial Department of Natural Resources are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

threePromote the remediation of pollution from domestic sources. Establish and improve the closed-loop management system of catering fume control coordinated by departments; Supervise catering units to standardize the installation, operation and maintenance of fume purification facilities according to law; Intensify the law enforcement inspection of illegal emission and excessive emission of lampblack in catering units. Deepen the special rectification of cooking fume pollution in open-air barbecue and night market catering. Strictly implement the policy of prohibiting and restricting the release of fireworks and firecrackers. In addition to undertaking major national and provincial activities, it is really necessary to conduct comprehensive air quality index in the central city and last year.PM_2.fiveFireworks and firecrackers are prohibited in the central city of counties (cities) whose concentration is higher than the national average, and are encouraged to be banned in other areas. If it is really necessary to set off fireworks and firecrackers to undertake major national and provincial activities, it should be reported to the public security department for approval according to the law after the air quality impact assessment is carried out under the guidance of the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment; Last year’s comprehensive air quality index orPM_2.fiveIf the concentration is higher than the national average, the Municipal Bureau of Ecological Environment will report the evaluation opinions to the Provincial Department of Ecological Environment for the record. Severely investigate and deal with illegal sales of fireworks and firecrackers.(Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, Provincial Public Security Department and Provincial Emergency Management Department are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

(VIII) Agriculture and rural areas

oneStrengthen the comprehensive utilization of straw and ban burning. Promote straw according to local conditions“Wuhua"Comprehensive utilization, the establishment of straw resources ledger system and regular scheduling mechanism, improve the straw storage and transportation system. Improve the grid supervision system, improve the monitoring accuracy of straw burning fire point, and carry out special inspections in key areas and key time periods. Scientifically demarcate no-burning areas in all localities, and prohibit straw burning in the open air. arrive2025In, the comprehensive utilization rate of straw in the whole province was stable at86%Above and meet the national requirements.(The Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Provincial Department of Ecological Environment are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

2Promote the green development of agricultural production. Accelerate the popularization and application of energy-saving and environmental-friendly agricultural machinery, and intensify the scrapping and elimination of old agricultural machinery and tools with high energy consumption and heavy pollution. We will promote the resource utilization of livestock manure, reduce and increase the efficiency of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and implement the action of zero growth of chemical fertilizers.(led by the Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)

(nine) the field of provincial state-owned enterprises

onePromote the green development of enterprises. Supervise and guide enterprises to establish a green supply chain system and build a number of green supply chain management demonstration enterprises. Promote the transportation of bulk goods by enterprises in a clean way. arrive2025In, provincial state-owned enterprises strive to achieve the proportion of clean transportation of bulk goods.80%.(Led by the Provincial State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, with the participation of the Provincial Development and Reform Commission and the Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology)

2Promote in-depth corporate governance. Focus on steel, building materials, industrial painting and other industries.NOxandVOCsDeep emission reduction. arrive2025In, chemical, pharmaceutical, building materials and other enterprises completed deep treatment, while industrial painting enterprises completed low.VOCsSubstitution of raw and auxiliary materials.(Led by the Provincial State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, with the participation of the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, the Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology and the Provincial Market Supervision Bureau)

threeImprove the environmental performance level of enterprises. Carry out clean and low-carbon transformation in an all-round way to promote the improvement of corporate environmental performance. arrive2025In, a round of cleaner production audit was completed in an all-round way, and the enterprises with the lowest performance level in key industries were completely cleared, striving toB(includingB?) level and above enterprises to achievefiveHome.(Provincial State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission and Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

(10) Meteorological field

oneImprove basic capabilities and promote precision monitoring. Improve the air pollution monitoring network, strengthen the vertical networking observation of atmospheric heat and power, and build“Kongtiandi"Integrated grid monitoring system. Promote the construction of meteorological big data fusion analysis platform.(The Provincial Meteorological Bureau and the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

2Improve the level of refined forecasting. Improve the environmental meteorological forecast service system, strengthen emergency meteorological service support such as heavy pollution weather response, and improve the accuracy of pollution process forecast. arrive2025Year, futuresevenThe accuracy of day-level forecast has reached75%Above.(The Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment and the Provincial Meteorological Bureau are responsible for the division of responsibilities)

threeScientifically carry out artificial precipitation enhancement operations. Establish an operational layout that combines aircraft operations with local ground operations, and effectively carry out collaborative operations of artificial precipitation enhancement and pollution reduction. Strengthen the construction of weather modification operation bases, grass-roots standardized operation sites and operation teams in cities and counties.(Led by Provincial Meteorological Bureau)

Third, tackling key projects

We will implement key projects such as three major structural adjustments, four major special treatments, and one capacity improvement, and promote the implementation of tasks and measures for tackling key problems.

(A) the three major structural adjustment projects

oneEnergy structure: covering total coal control and electricity.The increase in the proportion of coal consumption, the development of clean energy,“Coal to gas"、“Coal to electricity"Energy-saving transformation of key industries and fields.

2Industrial structure: covering the elimination of backward production capacity, the optimization and integration of traditional industrial clusters, the establishment of green parks and factories, etc.

threeTransportation structure: covering freight.“Revolving iron and water", the construction of special railway lines, the construction of new energy transportation infrastructure, the transformation of ship power receiving devices, and the construction of shore power facilities in ports and docks.

(2) Four special treatment projects

oneElimination of heavy pollution weather: covering ultra-low emission transformation in steel and cement industries, deep treatment of boilers and kilns, and clean energy substitution.

2Ozone pollution prevention: low coverageVOCsSubstitution of raw and auxiliary materials, unorganized emission improvement and terminal improvement,“Green Island"Project construction, oil and gas recovery and management of gas stations, crude oil product wharf and tanker management, etc.

threePollution control of diesel trucks: covering the elimination of old motor vehicles, the elimination of old off-road mobile machinery, and the construction of intelligent access control systems for key vehicle units.

fourNon-point source system improvement: covering the development of prefabricated buildings, the construction of green mines, the control of catering oil fume, the control of urban bare soil dust, the comprehensive utilization of straw, the reduction and increase of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, etc.

(3) Capacity improvement project

It covers air quality and component monitoring, air quality early warning and forecasting, pollution source monitoring and control, and law enforcement and supervision ability improvement.

Fourth, attack the security

(a) to strengthen organizational leadership, strengthen the implementation of responsibilities.Relying on the provincial ecological and environmental protection Committee to establish a coordination mechanism for tackling key problems and set up a special work class. Relevant departments directly under the provincial level shall formulate implementation plans in their respective fields, and governments at all levels shall strengthen the implementation of responsibilities. Incorporate the target completion and task implementation into the assessment of pollution prevention and control.

(2) Promote the improvement of laws and regulations and increase capital investment.Study and initiate the revision of the regulations on the prevention and control of air pollution, promote the formulation of local special regulations such as fixed sources and mobile sources, and promote collaborative legislation in key cities. Governments at all levels should take the prevention and control of air pollution as a key area of fiscal expenditure, and all relevant departments at the provincial level should make overall plans to ensure special funds.

(three) to carry out assistance and guidance, strengthen the supervision and dispatch.In view of the technical difficulties and policy implementation problems reflected by various localities and enterprises, we will strengthen the assistance and guidance of expert technical teams. The Office of the Provincial Eco-environmental Protection Committee established a working mechanism of regular scheduling, notification and assessment, and included the crucial actions in the important content of provincial eco-environmental protection inspectors, and carried out special supervision and cross-inspection in a normal way.

(4) Strengthen joint prevention and control and improve scientific and technological support.We will improve the system of joint meetings of joint prevention and control work, coordinate and promote key tasks, and establish and improve a long-term mechanism for joint prevention and control. Strengthen cooperation and information exchange with neighboring provinces and promote the establishment of inter-provincial early warning linkage system. We will build a scientific and technological support system for the whole process, such as monitoring and forecasting, source analysis, efficient governance, and intelligent supervision, and organize the prevention and control of scientific and technological research and the application of technological achievements.

(5) Strengthen policy propaganda and create a good atmosphere.Widely publicize and interpret air pollution prevention and control policies and measures, progress and effectiveness, do a good job in public welfare propaganda of banning burning and burning, and pay attention to guiding public opinion. Organize various forms of publicity and cultural activities, advocate green, civilized and environmentally friendly production and lifestyle, encourage the masses to participate in supervision, and report air pollution violations through multiple channels.

 

Attachment: Action Target of Air Pollution Prevention and Control

General Office of Guangdong Provincial People’s Government on Promoting Guangdong Province

Information platform of administrative law enforcement and supervision of administrative law enforcement

Guiding opinions on the construction of network platform

Guangdong Office Letter [2019] No.170

People’s governments at the local and municipal levels, departments and institutions directly under the provincial government:

　　In order to fully implement the new ideas, new ideas and new strategies of the Supreme Leader General Secretary in comprehensively administering the country according to law, thoroughly implement the Implementation Outline of the Construction of a Government under the Rule of Law (2015-2020) of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, conscientiously implement the relevant requirements of the Implementation Outline of the Construction of a Government under the Rule of Law in Guangdong Province (2016-2020) and the Master Plan for the Construction of a Digital Government in Guangdong (2018-2020), and make efforts to

　　I. General requirements

　　(A) the guiding ideology

　　Adhere to the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second and Third Plenary Sessions of the 19th Central Committee, conscientiously study and implement the spirit of the important speech and instructions given by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader to Guangdong, focus on standardizing administrative punishment, administrative coercion and administrative inspection, and focus on the three major goals of "standardizing administrative law enforcement behavior, improving administrative law enforcement efficiency and strengthening administrative law enforcement supervision". Relying on the "digital government" cloud platform and the provincial government service network, we will speed up the construction of a unified administrative law enforcement information platform and administrative law enforcement supervision network platform (hereinafter referred to as the "two platforms") in the province, realize the online circulation of law enforcement procedures, automatic collection of law enforcement information, online supervision of law enforcement activities and online inquiry of law enforcement at the provincial, city, county (city, district) and township (street) levels, and promote strict, standardized, fair and civilized law enforcement and guarantee.

　　(2) Work objectives

　　By June 2019, the information publicity platform for administrative law enforcement will be initially established, the law enforcement case handling system will be improved, and pilot projects will be carried out in several regions and departments; In December, the "two platforms" were popularized and applied by governments at all levels and provincial departments in the Pearl River Delta region.

　　By December 2020, the "two platforms" will be promoted and applied by listing at all levels to form the application of big data analysis in administrative law enforcement.

　　By 2021, the "two platforms" will be fully applied to administrative law enforcement subjects at the provincial, municipal, county (city, district) and township (street) levels, and efforts will be made to achieve full coverage of mobile case handling.

　　Second, the basic principles

　　(1) Its functions and powers are legal and implemented according to law.In accordance with the Administrative Punishment Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Administrative Compulsory Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Regulations of Guangdong Province on Administrative Law Enforcement Responsibility System, the Regulations of Guangdong Province on Administrative Law Enforcement Supervision and the Provisions of Guangdong Province on Standardizing the Discretion of Administrative Punishment, we will sort out administrative law enforcement matters, standardize administrative law enforcement procedures and strengthen administrative law enforcement supervision.

　　(2) Top-level design and overall planning.Make overall planning and design under the framework of "digital government" reform, strengthen the organic integration and efficient utilization of government information resources, and prevent redundant construction and waste of resources. Adhere to the high-level centralized deployment, promote the intensive construction of information systems and the upward concentration of data, and build a unified administrative law enforcement system framework in the province.

　　(three) unified standards, strengthen the application.To promote the convenience and convenience of administrative law enforcement, and strengthen the standardization of administrative law enforcement. Increase the expansion and application of information technology in the field of administrative law enforcement and promote the effective integration, sharing and exchange of information resources.

　　(four) open and transparent, convenient and beneficial to the people.Meet the public’s demand for information disclosure and supervision of administrative law enforcement in a timely manner in the form of a unified platform, fully implement the publicity system of administrative law enforcement, further smooth the channels of communication with the people, facilitate public consultation, inquiry and complaint supervision, and improve the level of openness of law enforcement.

　　III. Main tasks

　　(A) overall promotion of the "two platforms" construction

　　1 to create an information platform for administrative law enforcement. First, based on the unified collaborative office platform in the province, improve the comprehensive online case handling system. According to the requirements of online whole-process case handling and mobile case handling construction, we will expand and improve the functions of administrative law enforcement, such as case acceptance, investigation and evidence collection, audit decision, service execution, file management, statistical analysis, reporting and filing, etc., so as to realize online case handling in the whole process of administrative law enforcement, form a network of examination and approval and electronic file, and realize the whole process of trace-keeping and traceability management. Equipped with photo, audio, video and other modules to ensure that the law enforcement evidence will be solidified in the first time, and provide photos, audio, video and other on-site evidence materials. The second is to build an information publicity platform based on the existing platforms such as the provincial government service network, its WeChat WeChat official account, mobile client and the "Guangdong Province Easy" applet. Expand the functions of publicity and inquiry of administrative law enforcement information, adopt intelligent and flat methods to instantly push law enforcement information for enterprises, the public and other clients, improve the exchanges and interactions between administrative law enforcement subjects, enterprises and the public, improve the government service system, and create a social governance pattern of co-construction, co-governance and sharing.

　　2.Create a network platform for administrative law enforcement supervision. Based on the administrative law enforcement power items recorded in the provincial government service items directory management system, relying on the unified data sharing platform of the provincial government, the law enforcement data collected by the comprehensive online case handling system and the data of some existing law enforcement departments are collected, and the implementation subject, law enforcement process, discretion benchmark, law enforcement supervision and other normative requirements of various administrative law enforcement are compared to realize the whole process monitoring of administrative law enforcement process. Strengthen target management and responsibility assessment with information flow, innovate management service mode and improve administrative efficiency. Gradually docking all kinds of administrative law enforcement complaint reporting platforms, forming a large supervision pattern of internal supervision and external supervision.

　　(B) the development of "two platforms" standards and specifications

　　According to the national standards such as "Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Accelerating the Construction of National Integrated Online Government Service Platform" and the national comprehensive management system for administrative law enforcement supervision, the standards and norms for the construction of "two platforms" will be formulated, so as to standardize law enforcement matters, law enforcement basis, law enforcement process, law enforcement documents, discretionary benchmarks, law enforcement supervision and law enforcement information publicity, and promote the informationization and standardization of administrative law enforcement. Strengthen the basic research on standardization of administrative law enforcement, pay attention to the matching and convergence of local standards with national standards and industry standards, improve the standard system of administrative law enforcement, promote the implementation process of standards, and provide basic conditions for promoting the informationization of administrative law enforcement. Establish and improve the coordination and promotion mechanism of standardization work, and organize the formulation, revision and popularization and application of specific standards.

　　(3) Fully implement mobile case handling.

　　Increase the application of scientific and technological means in administrative law enforcement, establish a law enforcement terminal system, fully implement mobile administrative law enforcement, equip law enforcement personnel with mobile law enforcement quick inspection equipment, mobile law enforcement terminals, law enforcement recorders, portable printers and other information-based law enforcement equipment, and handle administrative law enforcement affairs efficiently and quickly through real-time linkage between field and background data, so as to achieve rapid attack, scientific evidence collection and accurate characterization, and effectively improve work efficiency and law enforcement case handling efficiency. We will actively and steadily promote the online application of administrative law enforcement subjects by means of pilot, system docking and gradual promotion, and strive to achieve full coverage of mobile case handling by 2021.

　　(4) Promoting openness and transparency in administrative law enforcement.

　　Through the provincial administrative law enforcement information publicity platform, the administrative licensing, administrative punishment, administrative compulsion, administrative expropriation and requisition, administrative payment, administrative inspection, administrative confirmation, administrative ruling and other law enforcement information of administrative law enforcement subjects at all levels are uniformly collected, and the administrative law enforcement information inquiry service is opened; Unified disclosure of administrative law enforcement subjects, responsibilities, basis, procedures, lists and supervision at all levels; Unified disclosure of administrative law enforcement results, annual administrative law enforcement data and related administrative reconsideration, administrative litigation data and other post-event information. Realize the organic combination of administrative law enforcement publicity and government affairs publicity, power list publication, "double random and one open" supervision, and make power run in the sun.

　　(5) Strengthening the supervision of administrative law enforcement.

　　The first is to implement event management. The provincial administrative law enforcement supervision network platform is connected with the provincial government service network, and administrative law enforcement matters that are not included in the provincial government service catalogue management system shall not be implemented. The second is to implement real-time supervision. Standardize the law enforcement process, processing time limit and other factors through information technology, realize the whole process monitoring of administrative law enforcement, and find and correct existing problems in time. Third, the implementation of post supervision. The whole process of administrative law enforcement is traceable and accountable. Through big data analysis, the work performance of administrative law enforcement subjects and law enforcement personnel is quantitatively evaluated, and the closed cases are randomly selected, consulted online and intelligently evaluated. The fourth is to achieve coordinated supervision. Docking the provincial "convergence of the two laws", electronic supervision of administrative examination and approval, credit China (Guangdong), financial non-tax and other systems, promoting the synergy of supervision and forming a joint force of supervision.

　　(VI) Promoting information and data sharing.

　　Relying on the provincial government service network, we will integrate the business data of existing administrative law enforcement systems of provincial departments and the business data of existing administrative law enforcement platforms of governments at all levels, break the barriers of compartmentalization, establish a sharing and exchange mechanism of administrative law enforcement information resources, and promote the horizontal and vertical sharing of law enforcement data. On the premise of ensuring information security, we will promote the application of supporting technologies such as unified identity authentication, electronic license and face recognition, and support law enforcement entities at all levels to share and apply the basic data of the province’s ID cards, vehicles, real estate and other license libraries.

　　(7) Strengthening the application of big data in law enforcement.

　　Scientifically set quantitative indicators, including the indicators of investigation rate of reported cases and coincidence degree of law enforcement focus, the indicators of scientific allocation of law enforcement forces, the indicators of scientific per capita law enforcement volume and the correlation rate of law enforcement posts, the indicators of scientific and enforceable rules and regulations, the indicators of the occurrence of illegal problems and work performance and the indicators of the standardization of administrative law enforcement. Improve the functions of the provincial administrative law enforcement supervision network platform in monitoring the performance of duties according to law, post-evaluation of policies and measures, monitoring of violations of laws and regulations, problem enterprise analysis, data mining, big data analysis and comparison, and risk assessment. Realize the application of big data such as comparison, analysis and prediction, and provide reference for scientific decision-making in various localities and departments.

　　Fourth, organizational requirements

　　(1) Strengthen organizational leadership.All localities and departments should attach great importance to the construction of "two platforms", earnestly strengthen organizational leadership, ensure funding, and organize their own regions and systems to do online application work according to the specified time nodes. The establishment of the "two platforms" construction and operation coordination mechanism is led by the Provincial Department of Justice, with the joint participation of the Provincial Party Committee, the Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, the Provincial Department of Finance, the Provincial Market Supervision Bureau and the Provincial Government Service Data Administration. The Provincial Department of Justice should strengthen organization and coordination, and promote the application and promotion of the project as a whole; Provincial Government Service Data Management Bureau should strengthen the overall planning, coordinated promotion and project monitoring of the construction of "two platforms", and assist all localities and departments to carry out platform deployment and application to ensure the smooth progress of project construction. It is necessary to strengthen tracking and efficiency, incorporate the online implementation of the "two platforms" into the evaluation content of Guangdong’s construction of the rule of law, and notify the units that fail to implement the tasks in time and in place.

　　(2) Strengthen overall planning.The project construction adopts the centralized and unified construction of the whole province, maintaining the stock and increasing the development. At the initial stage of the project construction, we should respect the development status of the administrative law enforcement system construction of provincial departments, reserve interfaces, share and dock information and data of existing systems according to unified standards, and then promote the integration of related systems when conditions are ripe, so as to realize the unified system application of the whole province. Where the administrative law enforcement system has not been developed or needs to be updated, localities and departments should directly apply the "two platforms" and no other relevant case handling systems will be developed.

　　(3) Improve institutional support.Study and formulate the operation rules and management methods of the "two platforms" which are connected with the "digital government" reform, improve the norms of administrative inspection and electronic file management of administrative law enforcement, study the legal application issues such as electronic fingerprints, electronic seals and electronic delivery applicable to "paperless" law enforcement, and the rules for the migration and processing of existing administrative law enforcement information, so as to provide support for the comprehensive popularization and application of the "two platforms".

General office of provincial government

May 31, 2019

　　CCTV News:According to the website of Shaanxi Health and Health Commission, from 0: 00 on December 22 to 8: 00 on December 23, 86 local confirmed cases were newly reported in Shaanxi (84 cases in Xi ‘an, 1 case in Xianyang and 1 case in Yan ‘an). Since December 9th, the province has reported a total of 235 local confirmed cases (227 in Xi ‘an, 4 in Yan ‘an and 4 in Xianyang).

　　From 0: 00 to 24: 00 on December 22, there were no new reports of imported confirmed cases, suspected cases and asymptomatic infected persons.

　　Locally confirmed case 1,Female, 26 years old, now lives in Chang ‘an District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of the local confirmed case 1 released on December 18th. On December 16th, he was put under centralized isolation for medical observation. On December 19th, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed case 2,Male, 72 years old, lives in Huyi District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of local confirmed case 21 released on December 22nd. On December 20, he took the initiative to take samples at the nucleic acid sampling point, and was centralized and isolated because of abnormal test results. On December 21st, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 3,Female, 41 years old, now lives in beilin district, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of confirmed case 1 released in China on December 18th. On December 16th, he was put under centralized isolation for medical observation. On December 20, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 4,Female, 34 years old, now lives in Huyi District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of the local confirmed case 2 released on December 19th. On December 17, it was isolated, and on December 20, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 5,Male, 62 years old, lives in Huyi District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of local confirmed case 21 released on December 22nd. On December 20, I took the initiative to go to the sampling point for nucleic acid testing, and was isolated because of abnormal results. On December 21st, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 6,Female, 42 years old, now lives in beilin district, Xi ‘an. Is a close contact of the local confirmed case 1 released on December 18th. On December 16, it was centralized and isolated. On December 20, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 7,Male, 67 years old, lives in Huyi District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of local confirmed case 21 released on December 22nd. On December 20, I took the initiative to go to the sampling point for nucleic acid testing, and was isolated because of abnormal results. On December 21st, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 8,Male, 38 years old, now lives in Baqiao District, Xi ‘an. On December 19th, I took the initiative to check the nucleic acid at the nucleic acid detection point. On December 20, the abnormal test results were centralized and isolated. On December 21st, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 9,Male, 35 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an. On December 20, he went to the hospital for fever, and the nucleic acid test result was positive, and he was immediately isolated. On December 21st, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 10,Male, 54 years old, lives in Huyi District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of local confirmed case 21 released on December 22nd. On December 20, the nucleic acid was tested at the sampling point, and it was isolated because of abnormal test results. On December 21st, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 11,Male, 25 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an. On December 21, he went to the hospital for fever clinic and was isolated. On December 21st, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 12,Female, 60 years old, now lives in Xixian New Area, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of confirmed case 4 released in China on December 22nd. On December 20, he was placed in centralized isolation for medical observation. On December 21st, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case in COVID-19 by a municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 13,Male, 12 years old, lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of 16 local confirmed cases released on December 21st. On December 19, it was centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 14,Female, 2 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of local confirmed case 23 released on December 22nd. During the isolation period, the nucleic acid test results were positive on December 21st. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 15,Female, 1-year-old, now lives in Xixian New Area, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of the local confirmed case 4 released on December 22nd. On December 20, he was placed in centralized isolation for medical observation. On December 21st, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 16,Male, 24 years old, now lives in Xi ‘an High-tech Zone. On December 19th, I went to the nucleic acid detection point for nucleic acid detection, and on December 21st, I was isolated because of abnormal results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 17,Female, 8 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of local confirmed case 22 released on December 21st. On December 19, it was centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 18,Male, 43 years old, now lives in Xi ‘an High-tech Zone. Because the unit has confirmed cases, it is centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 19,Female, 26 years old, lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of local confirmed case 22 released on December 21st. On December 19, it was centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 20,Male, 22 years old, now lives in Xi ‘an High-tech Zone. Because the unit has confirmed cases, it is centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 21,Female, 46 years old, now lives in Xixian New Area, Xi ‘an. On December 21, he took the initiative to check the nucleic acid at the nucleic acid detection point, and was centralized and isolated because of abnormal results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 22,Male, 25 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of local confirmed case 1 released on December 17th. During the control period, the result of nucleic acid test was positive on December 22nd, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 23,Female, 58 years old, now lives in beilin district, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of confirmed case 1 released in China at 10: 11 on December 15th. On December 15, it was centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 24,Male, 40 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an. Nucleic acid was detected at the sampling point on December 20, and was isolated on December 21 due to abnormal results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 25,Female, 39 years old, now lives in beilin district, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of confirmed case 1 released in China at 10: 11 on December 15th. On December 16, it was centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 26,Male, 64 years old, now lives in Xixian New Area, Xi ‘an. On December 21st, I went to the sampling point for nucleic acid detection. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid detection was positive, which was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 27,Male, 34 years old, now lives in Qujiang New District, Yanta District, Xi ‘an. On December 21, I took the initiative to go to the nucleic acid testing point for nucleic acid testing, and I was isolated at home because of abnormal mixed test results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 28,Female, 37 years old, now lives in Qujiang New District, Yanta District, Xi ‘an. On December 20, I took the initiative to go to the nucleic acid testing point for nucleic acid testing, and on December 21, I was isolated at home because of abnormal test results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 29,Male, 56 years old, now lives in Xi ‘an High-tech Zone. On December 21, he took the initiative to check the nucleic acid at the nucleic acid detection point, and was centralized and isolated because of abnormal results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 30,Male, 61 years old, now lives in Xi ‘an High-tech Zone. On December 21, he took the initiative to check the nucleic acid at the nucleic acid detection point, and was centralized and isolated because of abnormal results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 31,Male, 38 years old, now lives in Huyi District, Xi ‘an. On December 18, I took the initiative to go to the sampling point for nucleic acid testing, and was concentrated and isolated because of abnormal results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 32,Male, 40 years old, now lives in Xi ‘an High-tech Zone. On December 19, he took the initiative to check the nucleic acid at the nucleic acid detection point, and was concentrated and isolated because of abnormal results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 33,Male, 58 years old, now lives in Lianhu District, Xi ‘an. On December 21, I took the initiative to go to the sampling point for nucleic acid testing, and was isolated because of abnormal results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 34,Female, 22 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an. On December 20, he took the initiative to go to the nucleic acid detection point for nucleic acid detection, and was concentrated and isolated on December 21 due to abnormal results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 35,Female, 39 years old, now lives in Xixian New Area, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of the local confirmed case 21 released on December 21st. On December 20, it was centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 36,Female, 65 years old, now lives in Xixian New Area, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of the local confirmed case 21 released on December 21st. On December 20, it was centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 37,Male, 57 years old, now lives in Xixian New Area, Xi ‘an. On December 21, I took the initiative to go to the sampling point for nucleic acid testing, and was isolated because of abnormal results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 38,Female, 49 years old, now lives in Lianhu District, Xi ‘an. On December 21, I went to the sampling point for nucleic acid testing, and was isolated after the mixed test was abnormal. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 39,Male, 28 years old, now lives in Lianhu District, Xi ‘an. On December 20, he took the initiative to go to the nucleic acid detection point for nucleic acid detection, and was isolated after the detection result was abnormal on December 21. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 40,Female, 31 years old, now lives in Xixian New Area, Xi ‘an. On December 21, I took the initiative to go to the sampling point for nucleic acid testing, and was isolated because of abnormal results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 41,Female, 28 years old, now lives in Economic Development Zone, weiyang district, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of local confirmed case 2 released at 14: 59 on December 16th. On December 17, it was centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 42,Male, 26 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of local confirmed case 28 released on December 21st. On December 20, I took the initiative to go to the nucleic acid testing point for nucleic acid testing, and was isolated because of abnormal results. On December 21st, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and on December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by a municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 43,Female, 30 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an. On December 20, I took the initiative to go to the sampling point for nucleic acid testing, and on December 21, I was isolated because of abnormal results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 44,Male, 30 years old, now lives in Xixian New Area, Xi ‘an. On December 21, I took the initiative to go to the sampling point for nucleic acid testing, and was isolated because of abnormal results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 45,Male, 20 years old, now lives in Xincheng District of Xi ‘an. On December 21, the detection results of nucleic acid screening in key populations were abnormal and were isolated in a centralized way. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 46,Male, 31 years old, now living in Xixian New Area, Xi ‘an, is a close contact of the local confirmed case 10 released on December 21st. On December 21, it was isolated, and the nucleic acid result was positive that night. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 47,Male, 33 years old, now lives in Xixian New Area, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of local confirmed case 10 released on December 21st. On December 21, it was isolated, and the nucleic acid result was positive that night. On December 22nd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 48,Male, 39 years old, now lives in Huyi District, Xi ‘an. On December 21, he went to the hospital for fever clinic and was isolated on the spot. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 49,Male, 38 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an. On December 21, he went to the fever clinic because of fever, and was isolated on the spot. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　50 locally confirmed cases,Male, 24 years old, now lives in Xi ‘an High-tech Zone. On December 19, he took the initiative to check the nucleic acid at the nucleic acid detection point, and was concentrated and isolated because of abnormal results. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 51,Male, 29 years old, now lives in Chang ‘an District, Xi ‘an. On December 20, I took the initiative to check the nucleic acid at the sampling point, and the result was abnormal. On December 21, it was centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 52,Female, 50 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an. On December 20, I took the initiative to take samples at the nucleic acid detection point, and the nucleic acid detection result was abnormal, and then I was isolated and controlled. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 53,Female, 30 years old, now lives in Lianhu District, Xi ‘an. During the control period, the result of nucleic acid test was positive on December 22nd, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 54,Female, 33 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an. On December 20, the results of participating in the nucleic acid test were abnormal, and then they were isolated and controlled. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 55,Female, 33 years old, now lives in Xi ‘an High-tech Zone, and is a close contact of local confirmed case 28 released on December 21st. On December 20, he was placed in centralized isolation for medical observation. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 56,Male, 41 years old, now lives in Economic Development Zone, weiyang district, Xi ‘an. On December 19, I took the initiative to take samples at the nucleic acid detection point, and the nucleic acid detection result was abnormal, and then I was isolated and controlled. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 57,Female, 42 years old, lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of local confirmed case 3 released on December 20th. On December 21, it was centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. It was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 58,Female, 51 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an. On December 21, he took the initiative to go to the nucleic acid detection point for nucleic acid detection, and the result was abnormal, and then he was isolated and controlled. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 59,Male, 22 years old, now living in weiyang district, Xi ‘an, is a close contact of confirmed case 4 released in China on December 19th. On December 19, it was centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 60,Female, 42 years old, now lives in Chang ‘an District, Xi ‘an. On December 22, I took the initiative to go to the hospital fever clinic to detect nucleic acid, and the result was abnormal. The result of nucleic acid test on that day was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 61,Female, 60 years old, now lives in Xi ‘an High-tech Zone, and is a close contact of local confirmed case 32 released on December 21st. On December 19, it was centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 62,Male, 42 years old, now lives in Chang ‘an District, Xi ‘an. On December 22, I went to the fever clinic of the hospital to detect nucleic acid, and the result was abnormal. The result of nucleic acid test was positive that day, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 63,Female, 40 years old, now lives in Chang ‘an District, Xi ‘an. On December 22nd, I went to the fever clinic of the hospital to test the nucleic acid, and the result was abnormal. On that day, the nucleic acid test result was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 64,Male, 32 years old, now lives in weiyang district, Xi ‘an. During the control period, the nucleic acid detection was abnormal on December 21st. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 65,Female, 58 years old, now lives in Lianhu District, Xi ‘an. As a key population, it was concentrated and isolated on December 20. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 66,Female, 25 years old, now lives in Xi ‘an High-tech Zone. On December 21, he took the initiative to participate in nucleic acid testing, and was concentrated and isolated because of abnormal results. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 67,Male, 30 years old, now lives in Xi ‘an High-tech Zone. I took part in the nucleic acid test on December 21st, and the abnormal results were isolated. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 68,Male, 38 years old, now lives in Chang ‘an District, Xi ‘an. On December 22, I went to the fever clinic of the hospital to test nucleic acid, and the result was abnormal. The result of nucleic acid test was positive that day. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 69,Male, 56 years old, now lives in Baota District, Yan ‘an City. On December 22, in the nucleic acid screening of key population, the results of nucleic acid detection were abnormal. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 by a municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 70,Male, 15 years old, now lives in Weicheng District, Xianyang City. As a key population, during the control period. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 71,Female, 38 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of 8 confirmed local cases. On December 21, sampling was carried out at the nucleic acid sampling point. On December 22, he was isolated as a close contact, and the nucleic acid test result was positive that day. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 72,Male, 58 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an. Samples were taken from the nucleic acid sampling point on December 19th, and the nucleic acid results were positive on December 20th, and then centralized isolation was conducted. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 73,Female, 34 years old, now lives in Chang ‘an District, Xi ‘an. The results of nucleic acid screening in key population were abnormal on December 21st. On December 22, it was centralized and isolated. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 74,Male, 46 years old, lives in Huyi District, Xi ‘an, and is a close contact of 10 confirmed local cases. On December 22, it was isolated and the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 75,Female, 73 years old, now lives in Qujiang New District, Yanta District, Xi ‘an. The community has been closed for management. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 76,Male, 39 years old, now living in beilin district, Xi ‘an, is a close contact of the local confirmed case 25 released on December 22nd. On December 22, it was isolated and the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 77,Male, 42 years old, now lives in beilin district, Xi ‘an. As a key population, it is concentrated and isolated. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 78,Female, 40 years old, now lives in Chang ‘an District, Xi ‘an. On December 22, he took the initiative to go to the hospital to do nucleic acid, and then he was kept under observation. The nucleic acid test result was positive that day. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 79,Male, 33 years old, now lives in weiyang district, Xi ‘an. On December 21, I took the initiative to go to the hospital for nucleic acid testing, and the results were abnormal. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　80 locally confirmed cases,Male, 35 years old, now lives in Xixian New Area, Xi ‘an. As a key population, it was concentrated and isolated on December 21. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 81,Female, 37 years old, now lives in Xixian New Area, Xi ‘an. During the period of home control as a key population on December 22, the results of nucleic acid detection were abnormal. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 82,Female, 1 year old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an. On December 20, as a key population, it was concentrated and isolated. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 83,Male, 8 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an. On December 20, as a key population, it was concentrated and isolated. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 84,Female, 25 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an. On December 21, as a key population, it was concentrated and isolated. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 85,Male, 38 years old, now lives in Yanta District, Xi ‘an. On December 21, as a key population, it was concentrated and isolated. On December 22nd, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　Locally confirmed cases 86,Female, 30 years old, now lives in Xi ‘an High-tech Zone. On December 20, I took the initiative to go to the nucleic acid detection point for nucleic acid detection, and I was concentrated and isolated because of abnormal results. On December 21st, the nucleic acid test result was positive. On December 23rd, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

　　The activity tracks of the above-mentioned local confirmed cases were released by Xi ‘an, Xianyang and Yan ‘an.

　　By 8: 00 on December 23rd, a total of 498 confirmed cases (236 in hospital, 259 discharged and 3 dead) had been reported.

　　As of 24: 00 on December 22, a total of 463 confirmed cases imported from abroad were reported, 447 cases were discharged and 16 cases were in hospital. A total of 446 asymptomatic infected persons imported from abroad were reported, 52 cases were confirmed, 373 cases were released from medical observation, and 21 cases were asymptomatic infected persons still under medical observation.

　　Editor’s note:It’s the Dragon Boat Festival again. Dragon Boat Festival is an important traditional festival in our country. In this festival, people either row dragon boats, make zongzi, hang calamus and insert mugwort, or take part in cultural activities and punch cards for tourism, so as to inherit the humanistic strength, cultivate the feelings of home and country and show the confidence of national culture in a traditional or fashionable way. This newspaper has launched the column @ Dragon Boat Festival Moment from now on, focusing on the wonderful moments of celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival holiday in all parts of our province. Please make a note.

　　Anji dragon boat race between mountains and rivers

　　Zhejiang Online June 23rd (Reporter Li Shichao Sharing Alliance Huzhou Xuchao)On the afternoon of 22nd, the Dragon Boat Race of the 5th National Fitness Festival in Huzhou in 2023 was held in Fu Shi Cun, Xiaofeng Town, Anji County. Eleven dragon boat teams from all over Huzhou competed fiercely, attracting a large number of spectators to watch the race.

On June 22nd, in the green hills of Anji Fu Shi Cun, the dragon boat teams chased each other. Photographer Zhang Hui photo

　　"Knock, knock …" With the sonorous sound of drums, the dragon boat players struggled to paddle in unison. Dragon boats rush out of the starting point like arrows leaving the string, and you chase after me and cut the waves, putting on a good show of "speed and passion" on the water. The exciting competition also ignited the enthusiasm of watching the game on both sides of the strait, and the cheers and cheers came one after another, which was very lively.

　　"Every year, I will participate in the Dragon Boat Festival. This year, there is an Asian Games, which feels very different." After the game, Lu Hongquan, a member of Shuijingjing Nanxun Dragon Boat Team, said.

　　Shi Cun is endowed with rich landscapes and pleasant scenery. "With the unique natural resources, we have been unable to find a transformation path, and the village collective income has always been very single." Zhang Wenze, secretary of the General Party Branch of Fu Shi Cun and director of the village committee, said that until 2019, the first dragon boat race was held in the village, which made the number of tourists in the village exceed 10,000.

　　After that, Fu Shi Cun held a dragon boat race every year, and the village also set up its own dragon boat team, rescue team, training team and cheerleading team, showing a strong atmosphere in which all members participated in the dragon boat race. This year, the village created the theme activity of "Fun Stone Tour Xixi" in the crazy water-splashing season. During the whole summer water-splashing season, special water projects such as kayaking and paddle board were introduced to create a rural water park to attract tourists and promote the village’s collective income.

　　Spend a holiday in Jiaojiang Art Museum

　　Zhejiang Online June 23 rd(Reporter Chen Jiuren Sharing Alliance Jiaojiang Zhao Yang) On the evening of 22nd, the Jiaojiang Art Museum in Wenchuang Garden, Laoliangfang, Taizhou City was brightly lit, and people came to see the exhibition, listen to songs and go shopping in an endless stream. The first wonderful night activity of the art museum in Jiaojiang District is in full swing.

On June 22nd, a child was experiencing in the 3D painting area of Jiaojiang Art Museum in Taizhou. Sharing Alliance Jiaojiang Bailu Photo

　　In the art gallery, a large art exhibition is on display. On the floor of the exhibition hall on the third floor, two huge 3D realistic paintings attract people to stop and take photos.

　　The lobby on the first floor of the art museum is full of children waiting to draw. Luo Pujian, president of Taizhou Cartoonist Association, and other four painters are painting comic portraits for the public.

　　A lawn concert is being held at the Little Square outside the art museum. Next to it are experience activities such as printmaking, pottery, flower arrangement and paper cutting.

　　"I hope there will be more such literary and artistic activities." Fan Fan, a citizen of Jiaojiang, specially came to see the exhibition with his son. Rich activities, let them have fun.

　　According to reports, Taizhou Laoliangfang Wenchuang Park is a gathering place for creative design shops and a popular gathering place for Jiaojiang Night Economy. This year, Jiaojiang District launched the weekend art museum tour, with the art museum as the core, to create a normalized art activity that integrates teaching, interaction and display, and integrates garden and market.

　　Yiwu foreigners go into battle to make dumplings.

　　Zhejiang Online June 23 rd(Reporter Li Jiao Yan correspondent Fu Bolin) On the morning of the 22nd, the New Era Civilization Practice Institute in beiyuan street, Yiwu was very lively. The Neighborhood Festival "Chinese and foreign families welcome the Asian Games from" righteousness "and" Zongzi "is held here. More than 10 foreign friends from Pakistani, Israeli, Indian and other countries gathered with five groups of China families to appreciate the charm of China’s traditional culture.

　　At the event site, Chinese and foreign friends immersed themselves in traditional folk customs such as dumplings, throwing pots and paper-cutting, and felt the beauty of Chinese culture. All of them had a great time. "This is my first time to participate in folk experience activities with China residents." Mimi, a foreign teacher in Yiwu, talked about her feelings about the Dragon Boat Festival, and thought that the traditional culture of China was very attractive, hoping to have a better understanding. As the highlight of this activity, the experience of making zongzi has become the most popular activity. The green leaves, white glutinous rice and long zongzi lines have stumped many foreign friends. Volunteers and China family members teach foreign friends how to make zongzi.

　　"I hope that through this activity, more people will understand the traditional culture of China and feel the charm." The relevant person in charge of beiyuan street said. It is reported that beiyuan street has become a civilized person by building a "15-minute civilized practice service circle" with global coverage and ready access. Focusing on the theme of "Our Festival", it has concentrated on developing civilized practice in the new era, and is committed to creating a beautiful, harmonious and livable living environment for residents, spreading civilized ideas and carrying forward the new trend of the times.

The first China Cross-border E-commerce Fair was held in Fuzhou, Fujian this year. Buyers learned about the products on display in front of a 3C product booth. Xinhua News Agency reporter Lin Shanchuan photo

Starting from September, the parcels collected through the warehouses in Yiwu or Shenzhen’s core industrial belt can fly directly to Southeast Asian destinations from the nearest air port. "Most parcels can be delivered door-to-door in 3 days, and can be delivered to consumers within 48 hours at the earliest.".

This is the cross-border express logistics service from China to Xinmatai officially launched by Best International in China International Fair for Trade in Services in 2021 not long ago. The business accurately points to the trend of multi-polarization of cross-border e-commerce in Southeast Asia, showing that China’s cross-border e-commerce continues to maintain a good momentum and has become a new fulcrum in the rapid growth of foreign trade.

"From January to June this year, the import and export volume of cross-border e-commerce was 886.7 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 28.6%." At the Cross-border E-commerce Forum of "2021 China E-commerce Conference" held recently, Zhang Li, deputy director of the Foreign Trade Department of the Ministry of Commerce, said that cross-border e-commerce has become a new foreign trade format with the fastest development, the greatest potential and the strongest leading role in China.

Stimulate market vitality

In recent years, under the background of the deep integration of the Internet and economic globalization, the global trade format has undergone major changes, and the new economic form of "digital trade" represented by cross-border e-commerce has achieved rapid development from scratch and from small to large.

Zhang Dawei, vice chairman and secretary general of China International Economic Exchange Center, said recently that China’s series of measures to support the development of cross-border e-commerce have greatly stimulated the market vitality of cross-border e-commerce, played a pulling role in the global cross-border e-commerce market, and enabled countless small and medium-sized enterprises and practitioners to directly integrate into the global industrial chain supply chain and directly enter the global consumer market.

"Cross-border e-commerce is favored by consumers around the world with its unique advantages of low cost, high efficiency and breakthrough in time and space." Hong Yong, an associate researcher at the E-commerce Research Institute of the Ministry of Commerce, said that in recent years, the scale of cross-border electronic commerce transactions in China has continued to grow, and it has become a new kinetic energy for foreign trade development, a new channel for transformation and upgrading, and a new starting point for high-quality development.

Sang Baichuan, president of university of international business and economics Institute of International Economics, believes that with the help of the Internet platform, new trade modes such as cross-border e-commerce have greatly satisfied the information symmetry between the supply and demand sides, and also improved the efficiency of bilateral trade. At the same time, because China’s product system is complete, it can provide products to other countries on a large scale and in a concentrated way, reducing import and export costs, thus meeting the needs of consumers and investors. It can be said that a large number of products with high quality and good price are also the reasons for the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce in China.

Last year, when the COVID-19 epidemic had a profound impact on the global supply chain and traditional economic and trade activities, cross-border e-commerce in China bucked the trend, achieving an annual import and export volume of 1.69 trillion yuan, up 31.1% year-on-year, nearly 10 times the scale five years ago, which strongly supported the growth of China’s import and export trade. In July this year, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Accelerating the Development of New Foreign Trade Forms and Models", which once again released major favorable policies in the field of cross-border e-commerce.

Improve the institutional framework

Since 2015, China has set up 105 cross-border e-commerce comprehensive experimental zones in five batches, covering basically the whole country. The scale of the "experimental field" where cross-border e-commerce is tried first has been continuously expanded, and the development pattern of land and sea linkage and two-way mutual assistance between east and west has been further improved.

"The Ministry of Commerce and other departments have formed nearly 70 mature experiences and practices through active exploration, and built a cross-border e-commerce system framework with’ six systems and two platforms’ as the core." Hong Yong said that, for example, China’s customs declaration mode of "list verification and summary statistics" has improved customs clearance efficiency, and cross-border e-commerce tax preferential policies such as approved collection have greatly reduced the burden on enterprises. The scope of cross-border e-commerce B2B export supervision pilot and retail import pilot continued to expand. The list of cross-border e-commerce retail imports was further optimized to better meet domestic consumer demand. In addition, a series of regulations on the management of cross-border e-commerce import and export returns have been issued, which makes it more convenient for consumers to return goods.

According to Wei Hao, a professor at the School of Economics and Business Administration of Beijing Normal University and director of the Department of International Economics and Trade, the support policies for cross-border e-commerce should focus on the pain points and difficulties in the development of cross-border e-commerce and put forward pragmatic measures that meet the expectations of enterprises. "We must not only solve the short-term problems that restrict development, but also pay attention to the improvement of infrastructure and mechanisms for long-term development."

In the short term, we should attach great importance to the construction of overseas warehouses, focus on strengthening subject cultivation, promoting digital development, strengthening standard construction and improving overseas warehouse network, and support the construction of overseas warehouses with various investment and financing methods and increasing export credit insurance. In addition, it is necessary to constantly improve the management policies for cross-border e-commerce import and export returns and ease the operating pressure of enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises.

In the long run, it is necessary to study and formulate intellectual property protection policies for cross-border e-commerce, improve various support policies such as finance and taxation, vigorously cultivate large-scale international logistics enterprises, explore the construction of overseas logistics intelligent platforms, build independent large-scale international e-commerce platforms, and strengthen infrastructure construction, so as to lay a solid foundation for the long-term development of cross-border e-commerce.

Dealing with development risks

At present, China’s cross-border e-commerce has also encountered some bottlenecks in its overseas development. Due to the different laws, cultures and business habits of different countries, cross-border e-commerce businesses will encounter various risks and challenges.

"This is an inevitable problem in the development of the industry." Hong Yong said that some cross-border e-commerce merchants were forced to be removed from the cross-border e-commerce platform on a large scale because they were suspected of violating the rules of the platform by brushing bills and comments. In addition, affected by the rebound of COVID-19 epidemic, the international shipping price has been rising, and the profits of cross-border e-commerce enterprises have also been severely squeezed.

"These problems highlight the unstable foundation for the stable development, rapid development and long-term development of cross-border e-commerce in China, the imperfect mechanism and system, and the development environment still needs to be optimized." Wei Hao believes that the main reasons for these problems are the lack of independent e-commerce platform, especially the support of a large platform with a large international market share, insufficient international logistics and transportation capacity suitable for the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce, insufficient understanding of relevant rules in developed countries such as Europe and the United States, need to pay more attention to intellectual property protection, and lack of awareness and ability to deal with international risks.

Wei Hao said that we should speed up the construction of cross-border e-commerce online integrated service platform to reduce the burden on enterprises and improve efficiency; It is necessary to attach great importance to regulatory issues such as risk prevention and control, standardize the development of the industry, and enhance the ability of the industry to cope with risks; Steadily promote the construction of cross-border e-commerce comprehensive experimental zone, provide a leading role for the future development of cross-border e-commerce, and actively copy and promote the mature experience and practices of cross-border e-commerce comprehensive experimental zone to the whole country.

Speaking of the future development of cross-border e-commerce, Hong Yong believes that we should focus on the functions of overseas warehouses, the protection of intellectual property rights and the establishment of international rules for cross-border e-commerce. At present, most overseas warehouses do not have the functions of providing customs clearance services, supply chain financial services, after-sales services and personalized services. At the same time, some products of cross-border e-commerce sellers involved in intellectual property infringement, which also affected the overall image of China sellers to some extent. Due to the different development priorities and interests of cross-border e-commerce in different countries, no unified international rules for cross-border e-commerce have yet been formed. China should actively participate in international exchanges and rules exploration of cross-border e-commerce, and launch the "China Program" for cross-border e-commerce in the multi-bilateral cooperation mechanism. (Reporter Feng Qiyu Ji Leilei)

foreword

It has been more than three years since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic; It has been two years since the establishment of the National CDC in May 2021.

Before May, there was little news about the establishment and promotion of provincial disease control bureaus, and the overall work progress was very slow. However, in May this year, especially in the recent period, under the pressure and urging of the relevant state departments, many provinces put up the brands of the disease prevention and control bureaus of their respective provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government before the deadline.

This series of actions and information gives us the feeling that "the brand should be hung out first, and the requirements of this time node should be completed before deadline. As for the three-set plan, internal organization, specific work and other contents, let’s wait for the next node to talk about it slowly. As for the reform of the disease control system, who knows?"

挂个牌子也许是疾控局成立，或者说疾控体系改革最简单的内容了，可是然后呢？疾控体系改革就结束了？疾控体系改革就这些吗？

当然不是，疾控体系改革任重道远，道阻且长，目前疾控体系改革尚没有看到太多的实质性进展，疾控局的成立只是个开始。

疾控体系改革必须以解决其存在的4个主要问题——能力不强、机制不活、动力不足、防治不紧密为导向。这是一个艰难的过程，我们只能在不断的探索和实践中寻找最适合我们的那条疾病预防控制的健康之路。

01、国家疾控局成立过程 　

我们首先把时间拨回新冠疫情发生后的第一个全国两会，2020年全国两会。

2020年5月24日下午，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席最高领袖在参加十三届全国人大三次会议湖北代表团审议时强调，防范化解重大疫情和突发公共卫生风险，事关国家安全和发展，事关社会政治大局稳定。要坚持整体谋划、系统重塑、全面提升，改革疾病预防控制体系，提升疫情监测预警和应急响应能力，健全重大疫情救治体系，完善公共卫生应急法律法规，深入开展爱国卫生运动，着力从体制机制层面理顺关系、强化责任。

In the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, on April 28th, 2021, the State Council appointed and dismissed national staff, and appointed Wang Hesheng, deputy director of the National Health and Wellness Commission, as the director of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention. Subsequently, the National CDC was established, and it took nearly a year before the "three-set plan" of the National CDC was released.

Established by listing:On May 13th, 2021, the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention was officially listed, which belongs to the deputy ministerial level managed by National Health Commission. It will be responsible for formulating policies for the prevention and control of infectious diseases and public health supervision, guiding the construction of disease prevention and control system, planning and guiding the construction of epidemic monitoring and early warning system, guiding the construction of scientific research system for disease control, public health supervision and management, and supervision of infectious diseases, which means that the functions of disease control institutions have changed from simply preventing and controlling diseases to comprehensively maintaining and promoting the health of the whole population.

The "three-set plan" was announced:On February 16th, 2022, China Organization Network published the Provisions on the Functional Allocation, Internal Structure and Staffing of the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention and the Notice of the General Office of the State Council, the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on Adjusting the Functional Allocation, Internal Structure and Staffing of the National Health and Wellness Committee on February 16th, making it clear that the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention is a national bureau under the management of the National Health and Wellness Committee and is a vice-ministerial unit. At the same time, it stipulates the function allocation, internal structure and staffing of the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention, and adjusts the internal structure of the National Health and Wellness Committee.

It only took more than three months for the national medical insurance bureau to go from listing to "three decisions"And in the "transition period" of more than three months, we also made high-profile actions: centralized collection of anticancer drugs and medical insurance access negotiations, management of medicines and medical behaviors, and investigation of management of high-value medical consumables, which frequently caused waves in the industry, and we can’t wait for the announcement of the three-set plan to start the reform process.

The overall progress of the National CDC is in sharp contrast with it:It has been nearly nine months since the listing of the National CDC to the announcement of the final plan, and in these nine months, except for the addition of a deputy director, there is almost no official action of any institution.

02、Establishment process of provincial disease control bureaus 　

At the beginning of the establishment of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Province took the lead in announcing the overall framework for the establishment of provincial, municipal and county disease control bureaus: "Systematically promote the reform of the province’s disease control and prevention system; Establish a provincial-level disease prevention and control bureau, and set up municipal and county-level disease prevention and control bureaus based on the health and health departments at the same level. " In August 2021, Fujian Provincial Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention (to be established) was unveiled in Fuzhou.

In addition, there was almost no progress in the provinces. Until this May, due to various factors, the "deadline" was finally determined.The provincial disease control bureaus are required to complete the listing before the end of May.. Ever since, almost every day, provinces have announced the listing of CDC, and the listing of CDC in various places has accelerated.

It is expected that at the request of relevant departments, the "three-set plan" of the disease control bureaus in cities, counties and districts throughout the province and the disease control bureaus may also be set within 2 months.

03、The ideas and responsibilities of setting up the CDC have been basically clear. 　

Country:The National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention was established. The National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention is a national bureau managed by the National Health and Wellness Committee, with 170 administrative staff at the deputy ministerial level. There are 1 director, 4 deputy directors and 32 deputy directors. There are 10 departments, including comprehensive department, planning, finance and regulation department, monitoring and early warning department, emergency response department, infectious disease prevention and control department, health and immunization planning department, comprehensive supervision department I, comprehensive supervision department II, science, technology, education and international cooperation department (Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan office) and government party committee (personnel department).

Provincial level:According to the central model, the provincial CDC is established, which is generally the deputy department level with different offices, and the director of the CDC is also the deputy director of the Health and Health Commission.

Cities and counties:Under normal circumstances, there is a CDC in the Health and Health Commission, and the director of the CDC is also the deputy director of the Health and Health Commission at the same level.

From the perspective of responsibilities, the main responsibilities of the provincial CDC include:To organize the formulation of draft regulations, policies, plans and standards for the prevention and control of infectious diseases and public health supervision; Leading the professional work of disease control institutions at all levels in the province, organizing the implementation of the national immunization program, overall planning and supervising the disease control work of infectious disease medical institutions and other medical institutions; Planning and guiding the construction of an epidemic monitoring and early warning system for infectious diseases, and being responsible for the work related to the epidemic response of infectious diseases; Cooperate to guide the construction of scientific research system for disease control; Responsible for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, environmental sanitation, school sanitation, public place sanitation, drinking water sanitation supervision and management, occupational hygiene and radiation hygiene supervision.

Judging from the public information, the positions of "chief officers" of provincial CDC can be roughly divided into two categories:In some areas, the former responsible comrades of the Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention were promoted to the director of the Bureau of Disease Control and entered the party group of the Provincial Health and Wellness Committee, and in some areas, the responsible comrades of the Provincial Health and Wellness Committee who were in charge of disease control and prevention were held.

04、There is not much substantial progress in the reform of disease control system. 　

At least for now, there is no substantial progress in the reform of the disease control system.

The listing of CDC has little to do with the main problems of China’s centers for disease control and prevention at present. The establishment of CDC is to sort out the disease prevention and control system to a greater extent, or even to reorganize and adjust the functions within the health care system.There is still a lot of room for efforts to meet the requirements of "persisting in overall planning, reshaping the system, comprehensively improving and reforming the disease prevention and control system".

However, the establishment of the CDC can be regarded as the beginning of the reform of the CDC system. Straightening out the system and mechanism, clarifying the functional orientation, speeding up the reform of the CDC institutions at the provincial, municipal and county levels, solving the main problems existing in the CDC system, and speeding up the improvement of the CDC system have become the next key tasks and tasks put forward by all localities.

At the same time, we can also see that even if there is not much substantive content, it is more about the adjustment and adequacy of departmental functions. The establishment process of the National CDC and local CDC has been slow and difficult, and the reform of the entire CDC system can be imagined.

05、Four key issues in the reform of disease control system 　

Many people inside and outside the industry have said that China’s disease control system has problems such as low treatment and serious brain drain, but in the final analysis,At present, there are four main problems in the prevention and control system of physical diseases in China: weak ability, inflexible mechanism, insufficient motivation and loose prevention and control.

Therefore, in order to make substantial progress in the reform of disease control system, we must start with these four main problems.

1, the ability is not strong

Question:

The ability is not strong, and we don’t have to admit that the ability of disease control system is not strong, especially in some districts and counties, the overall ability is generally not strong, and the personal ability is generally weak.

Because of insufficient preparation or because of the positioning and treatment of grassroots disease control, it is impossible to recruit highly educated talents, resulting in fewer grassroots disease control personnel and fewer professional business personnel, which leads to poor overall ability. Secondly, from the perspective of personal ability, many people’s business ability is also relatively general. A CDC with strong ability is often one or two people, and then more tasks can only be pressed on the shoulders of these two people, resulting inCapable people are busier and don’t get much, and those who can’t are more idle and more chaotic..

Ideas:

The disease control system should have a set of assessment and evaluation mechanism in line with its own reality, which must be operable, and then be assessed regularly. Of course, it needs to be clear,This assessment is not only for the staff of the CDC, but also for every link of the CDC system.From the staff of community health service centers to the staff of medical institutions who are responsible for the online reporting of infectious diseases and the corresponding responsibilities of public health, from the staff of CDC to the staff of CDC, the staff of CDC should be assessed accordingly.

The assessment content should include the completion of the government’s public health functions and public welfare tasks undertaken by disease control institutions at all levels, the completion of the guidance and supervision tasks undertaken by regional medical institutions, and the improvement of residents’ health indicators in the jurisdiction. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the application of assessment results, and take the assessment results as an important basis for the appointment and dismissal of personnel, the evaluation of the first, the total salary and the approval of reward performance in CDC, and link them with the performance, further study and promotion of CDC staff.

All of the above, if gradually promoted and formed a set of practical things, will be very effective for the improvement of the overall system capacity, of course, this process is very difficult.

2, the mechanism is not alive

Question:

Because the disease control system is a part of the system to a large extent, this leads to many restrictions, unlike companies in a market economy, which are flexible and efficient.

Ideas:

First of all, it needs to be explained that the disease control system will never completely become a company under the market economy, which is determined by its nature. However, it is still possible to learn from each other’s strengths, and the purpose is to make the development of disease control system, especially human resources for disease control, become living water.

As implemented in some areasThe system of "chief public health expert" is a good example.The system of "chief public health experts" can be implemented for disease control at least above the municipal level, and the chief public health experts of epidemic disease, exemption from regulations, virus and disinfection are selected in a scientific and reasonable way. This is one of the measures to strengthen the construction of public health talents, provide talent guarantee for the construction of public health system, set up "chief experts" for disease control based on scientific research, talents and foreign exchanges, and build "hard power" for disease control personnel.

On March 31st, at the provincial conference on disease prevention and control system in 2023, Hao Yibin, director of Henan CDC, said:

At present, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Henan Province is setting up a chief expert system, which encourages senior experts with rich experience in scientific research and business management to be full-time "chief public health experts" by enjoying favorable conditions such as retaining the original administrative post treatment and special retirement and re-employment policy, empowering inter-departmental scientific research teams and providing sufficient scientific research funds.

In addition, should be established.Practice-oriented evaluation mechanism of public health talents, the implementation of classified assessment. Promote and strengthen the cooperation between disease control institutions at all levels and the college of public health in personnel training, personnel mutual employment, platform co-construction, data sharing, etc., create a demonstration base for public health personnel training in cooperation between schools and localities, and jointly cultivate applied professionals in public health.

At the same time, we should also increase the decision-making power of disease control institutions at all levels, reform the evaluation criteria of professional titles, and reasonably increase the proportion of middle and senior positions in disease control institutions. Improve the system of public health doctors, cultivate and expand the team of public health doctors, and explore giving public health doctors the right to prescribe.

3. Lack of motivation:

Question:

To put it bluntly, the disease control system is too poor and the income is too low. This is the root of many problems, because the income is low, so we can’t attract talents and can’t keep talents, so our ability is not strong; Because of the low income, more work and less work, they gradually began to muddle along and began to make no progress.

Ideas:

Tianjin CDC, Wuhan CDC, etc. have publicized the foreign services that they can charge for. For example, Tianjin CDC has launched 72 foreign technical services, which can provide a variety of health services for individuals and families, and provide entrusted testing services (23) and public health technical services (49) for the government and relevant departments, enterprises and institutions, and social organizations.

The project specifically includes the detection of water, air, food, etc.Communication and defense officeIt can provide technical support and policy consultation related to infectious disease prevention and control, theme planning activities of health science popularization day related to infectious disease prevention and control, and production of health science popularization videos.Exemption officeCan provide vaccination related policy advice and technical support, vaccination knowledge training. All these provide ideas for other disease control institutions.

The reform of disease control should explore and promote the "first-class security and second-class management" and implement it in detail.Two permits",allowing disease control institutions to break through the current wage control level of public institutions, allowing medical and health technical services to be provided on the basis of completing the approved tasks, and further stimulating the endogenous motivation of disease control institutions. While implementing the policy of full financial security, we should establish a new operating mechanism that combines security with incentives and conforms to the characteristics of disease control institutions, give them internal distribution autonomy and stimulate their operational vitality.

4, prevention and control is not close

Question:

To tell the truth, this is the most difficult to solve. Even after the establishment of the CDC, the separation between prevention and treatment may be more serious.This seems to be seen from the monitoring of the new crown infection virus.

Ideas:

For disease prevention and control, if prevention and control are to be closer,It is necessary to make clear the responsibilities that all kinds of medical institutions and medical administration departments at all levels should and must undertake in disease prevention and control.At the same time, the mechanism of personnel communication, information communication, resources communication and supervision and supervision is also established between disease control and medical care, and the disease control work is promoted to be included in the performance appraisal content of medical and health institutions.

In addition, it is necessary to establish an innovative supervision, assessment and evaluation mechanism for disease control institutions to medical institutions, and explore the establishment of a full-time and part-time disease control supervisor system in medical and health institutions to supervise the development of disease prevention and control, and urge the implementation of reporting responsibilities for infectious diseases and public health emergencies. For example, whether the infected cases in COVID-19 were reported realistically, such as whether fever of unknown origin was reported in time.

The reform of disease control system has a long way to go, and all key measures of reform and development must be supported by governments at all levels and relevant departments before they can take effect.

Everything has just begun, and China’s disease control system needs to focus on the long-term, overall planning, layout of the future, and embark on a road of public health governance with China characteristics.

write　| CDC disease control person

Proofreading　|　Gddra　

read and edit　|　Hide / Blue sea

Edit design　|　　Alice