January 11thWang Wentao, Minister of Commerce, held a telephone conversation with Raymond, Secretary of Commerce of the United States.

　　This call was made atimplementThe two heads of state met in San Francisco and reached an important consensus.Last November,After the meeting between the two heads of state, the Chinese and American Ministers of Commerce held talks in San Francisco.

　　It is worth noting that the press release of this call mentioned such a word — —Communication mechanism between the Ministry of Commerce of the two countries.

　　In August last year, US Secretary of Commerce Raymond visited China, and China and the United States agreed to set up a forum between the two Ministries of Commerce.Establish multi-level communication channels.

　　In this communication, Wang Wentao focused onThe United States restricts the export of third parties to mask aligner, investigates the supply chain of mature process chips, and imposes sanctions on China enterprises.When expressing serious concerns, the two sides will alsoNational security boundary issues in Sino-US economic and trade fieldsDiscussed it.

　　Why do you focus on these four things?

　　The first thing mentioned in the call isThe United States restricts the export of third parties to China and mask aligner.The problem.

　　Who is the "third party"? On the day of the call, at the regular press conference of the Ministry of Commerce, Shu Jueting, a spokesperson of the Ministry of Commerce, responded to the issue that the US directly intervened and interfered with Dutch enterprises’ export to mask aligner.

　　Just earlier this month, the US media reported that,At the request of the United States governmentASML cancelled some orders that had already been set and sold to China.

　　In this way, it is necessary toplay upASML is obedient to the United States, and fully cooperates with the United States’ restrictions on China.

　　But ASML versus China.Actual deliveryNot as American media want.guideLike that.

　　ASML’s financial report in the third quarter of last year showed that Chinese mainland customers purchased the backlog of orders in mask aligner in advance.Has been basically delivered.

　　As a matter of fact, ASML had already started before the risk of export restrictions came.speed upDelivered to China.

　　In November last year, China imported mask aligner from the Netherlands in terms of value.Up by 1050%Almost all of them are from ASML.

　　It is with such countermeasures that when the US media rendered "ASML canceled China orders", ASML said in the official notice that the export license was suddenly revoked orThe latest export control restrictions in the United States,can’tIt will have a significant impact on its financial prospects in 2023.

　　ASML was able to give an early warning because the game had to go further, dating back to last October.

　　At that time, the United States announcedNew control regulationsAccording to this regulation, if ASML’s mask aligner products containAny American partsThe United States has the right to restrict its exports.

　　Zhou Mi of the Institute of International Trade and Economic Cooperation of the Ministry of Commerce has been tracking the trend of Sino-US economic and trade fields. He told Tan Zhu that on the one hand, American capital isEquity participationOn the ASML.Direct and significant controlOn the other hand, the United States has adopted some semiconductor technology alliances.Authorized use of technical standardsGo up, toorestrainMask aligner in the Netherlands.

　　As a result, although ASML firmly regards China as one of the most important markets, it sometimes faces the pressure from the United States.have toChoose to bow your head.

　　The fundamental purpose of the United States is to suppress and contain China, with the intention of delaying China’s development in the high-tech field. The US government, as a third party, is interested in Sino-Dutch enterprises.Normal tradeNeither China nor the Netherlands will be happy with any interference.

　　It is against this background that China’s Ministry of Commerce rarely directly names the United States for pressure and interference.

　　In addition to mask aligner, the restrictions imposed by the United States on China in the field of chips are showing signs of expansion. The second concern raised by China this time,The upcoming supply chain survey of mature process chips in the United States, is typical.

　　Last month, the US Department of Commerce announced that it would beJanuary this yearStart the supply chain investigation of mature process chips.

　　Mature process chipIt mainly refers to chips of 28nm and above, which is different from the advanced process that the United States used to pay attention to.

　　Relevant research data show that from 2023 to 2027, the production capacity ratio of mature processes and advanced processes in global wafer foundry.About 7:3In other words, the mature process is big.

　　In the capacity distribution of mature processes, the proportion of Chinese mainland is.29%China and Taiwan Province account for the proportion.49%, the United States accounts for6%. It is estimated that in the next few years, the proportion of Chinese mainland will berise steadily.

　　The United States is paying more attention to this part of China’s advantages and has conducted in-depth research.

　　Not long ago, the U.S. Department of Commerce released the basic assessment report of the U.S. microelectronics industry. This report is right194Companies that design, manufacture or distribute semiconductor devices in the United States have conducted research, covering the semiconductor companies in the United States.95%.

　　By investigating these enterprises, the US Department of Commerce has come to the conclusion that in the past few years, ChinaVigorously invest in the production of mature process chips, the formation of American companiespressure of competition.

　　In contrast, the development of chip manufacturing in the United States in recent years has not gone smoothly.

　　When the U.S. Department of Commerce talked about this report, another document related to it was very telling — — Signed into force in August 2022Chip and Science Act of 2022.

　　At that time, the "Chip and Science Act of 2022" attracted many companies such as Intel, Samsung, TSMC and Texas Instruments. They announced plans to establish new chip manufacturing plants in the United States to compete for the distribution of the bill.Huge sum of money.

　　In the following year, the US Department of Commerce received42 StatesOf the semiconductor company460 copiesLetter of intent.

　　But the real grant came late.

　　It was not until December 2023 that the US Department of Commerce announcedThe first appropriation. This appropriationOnly involve$35 million, and it is assigned to a family.arms dealerTo make chips needed for F-15 and F-35 fighters.

　　This can explain why in the past year and a half, the construction period of new manufacturing plants such as TSMC’s Arizona plant and Intel’s Ohio plant has been delayed.delay again and again.

　　The United States hasMore than 30 yearsThere is no new large-scale chip manufacturing plant,Supporting, labor forceThere are great deficiencies in other aspects.

　　It is in this context that the U.S. Department of Commerce announced that it would investigate the supply chain of mature process chips.

　　If you can’t develop yourself, then suppress your opponents. The so-called investigation is nothing more than creating "basis" for China chip companies that restrict more.

　　The hypocrisy of this kind of investigation can be seen from the above-mentioned basic assessment report of American microelectronics industry.

　　Master Tan read this carefully.More than 100 pagesThe full text of the report found some details that the US government did not pay attention to:

　　Many enterprises do notnot supportImpose restrictions on China.

　　have74Enterprises said that because of the US government’s export control measures, theyLost the trading opportunity. This is because, originally, these companies would spend time and money to ensure the compliance of transactions, but in the face of the increasingly stringent and complicated export control measures of the US government, these companiesYou can only choose to cancel the transaction directly..

　　The question is, fromOver the past five yearsLook, for theseA company headquartered in the United StatesGenerally speaking, China is itsThe largest overseas marketThe sales in China market have been in recent years.Exceeded the domestic market in the United States..

　　As for some reasons why the US government sanctioned China enterprises in the past — — China"coercion"These companies share technology, and these companies are in China"Limited operation"And so on, these companies are also given and the US government.Contrary conclusion.

　　The formation and development of global production and supply chain isMarket law and enterprise choice work together.But the United States hopes to find some excuses for itself through such an investigation.Human interventionIndustrial chain, supply chain, economic and trade issuesInstrumentalization and weaponization.

　　The upstream and downstream of the supply chain of mature process chips involve many key industries such as telecommunications and automobiles. The actions of the United States will undoubtedly bring to the global industrial chain and supply chain.New risks.

　　It is precisely because of this that when encountering such an important issue, the Chinese and American commerce ministers communicated in time, and the Chinese side expressed solemn concern.

　　In fact, according to the consistent operation of the United States before, after the so-called investigation, the United States willLaunch a new round of sanctions against China enterprises..

　　In this communication, China alsoExpressing solemn concern about US sanctions to suppress China enterprises.

　　Not long ago, the US Department of Commerce updated three contents of the "Export Control Rules for Advanced Computing Chips and Semiconductor Manufacturing Equipment", and carried out the October 2022 version.modify,strengthenRestrictions on the export of artificial intelligence-related chips and semiconductor manufacturing equipment to China, and adding a number of China entities to the "list of entities" for export control.

　　How should we overcome this difficulty?

　　China enterprise’sIndependent innovation of core technology, is a cut.

　　In the past few years, some in ChinaHead technology enterpriseR&D expenses accounted for 14.1% in 2018.Continue to rise25.1% by 2022, yesThe highest proportion of R&D investment in the world.

　　This is not a single phenomenon.

　　There is a sanction against the United States240A survey of China enterprises found that the impact of sanctions was on the contrary.ForcedChina enterprises and their partnersCountermeasures to form a network.

　　Specifically, by analyzing the social networks of sanctioned enterprises, we can find that on average, each sanctioned enterprise willAssociated with 1.8 supply chain enterprises, 0.4 R&D cooperative enterprises, 0.6 technical cooperation and technical consultancy enterprises and 0.46 investment enterprises..

　　In other words, in addition to the supply chain relationship, the relationship between the sanctioned enterprise and other enterprises also includesRelationship between technical cooperation and technical consultant.

　　Dense scientific and technological cooperation network can form a kind of"Holding a group to keep warm"The community. Enterprises in the community have hope if they can work together to solve problems.Spread the risk of being sanctioned by the United States.

　　This is why we often say that the constraints of technical sanctions are also forcing China enterprises to move toward it.Opportunities for self-reliance and self-improvement.

　　As for America’s hysteria, there is something wrong with its China strategy.

　　To fundamentally improve this situation, we need to start fromThe crux of America’s China strategyStart.

　　During the talks, the two sides alsoThe issue of national security boundary in the economic and trade field between China and the United States was discussed..

　　A prominent feature of Sino-US exchanges in the last month is thatsecurity issueThe discussion is particularly frequent:

　　｜｜On January 8-9, the 17th China-US Department of Defense Working Meeting was held, which was co-chaired by the leaders of the International Military Cooperation Office of the Central Military Commission and the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense of the United States.

　　｜｜On January 10th, Wang Xiaohong, State Councilor and Minister of Public Security, made a video call with Mayokas, Secretary of Homeland Security.｜｜On January 10th, Liu Jianchao, Minister of the International Liaison Department of the CPC Central Committee, met with Finner, Principal Deputy Assistant to the President of the United States for National Security Affairs in Washington.

　　These departments are all related to the US economic and trade field.National security borderRelated.

　　For example, as mentioned above, the US Chip and Science Act of 2022.Distribute firstTo the field of national defense, as for the national security assistant of the US President, it is even moreDirect dominanceThe US strategic competition with China, the US Department of Homeland Security, isbe in charge of/supervisorList of entities involved in Xinjiang bill.

　　Relevant experts told Tan Zhu that talking about the national security border in the Sino-US economic and trade field mainly focuses onAgree on the goal of controlling differences between China and the United States. The two sides will discuss how the United States keeps looking for excuses to implement various restrictions on China.Basic management mode,Clarify the scope of restrictionsWhere is it? Come on.Reduce the uncertainty of the market.

　　It is worth noting that this is the recent economic and trade level between China and the United States.second timeIt is mentioned that the issue of national security boundary in the economic and trade field between China and the United States was discussed.

　　canKeep talkingThis in itself is a signal.

　　In the past few years, as the United States generalized the concept of national security, it brought negative factors to Sino-US economic and trade relations. As Sino-US relations have stopped falling and stabilized, Sino-US economic and trade exchanges have been strengthened. Today, Sino-US economic and trade exchanges have begun to focus on the core contradictions between the two sides.Frequent discussion.

　　Obviously, future Sino-US relations still need.The two sides continue to work hard and move in the opposite direction..

　　CCTV News:On September 21st, the State Council held a press conference on the sustainable development of traffic in China. Li Yang, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Transport, introduced at the meeting that in the next step, the Ministry of Transport will exert its efforts in five aspects: infrastructure, transportation services, innovation-driven, green and low-carbon, and international cooperation to fully promote sustainable transportation development.

First, in terms of infrastructure, speed up the construction of a modern and high-quality comprehensive three-dimensional transportation network. Focusing on "networking, supplementing the network and strengthening the chain", we will optimize and improve the layout of the comprehensive three-dimensional network and accelerate the construction of the main skeleton of the national comprehensive three-dimensional transportation network. A number of comprehensive passenger transport hubs will be built, the national comprehensive freight hub will be implemented in depth, and major transportation infrastructure projects will be promoted.

The second is to focus on improving service quality and efficiency. "People enjoy their activities and things flow smoothly" is the direction and goal of sustainable development, which will accelerate the development of passenger joint transportation and promote the diversification of transportation services. We will further promote the construction of "four good rural roads", improve the modern rural transportation system, promote the integration of urban and rural transportation, and enhance the level of universal transportation services. It will also give full play to the role of logistics in ensuring smooth flow, ensure the stability and smoothness of the international logistics supply chain, vigorously develop multimodal transport of goods, vigorously strengthen the capacity building of air freight, and improve the three-level logistics service system in counties and villages.

The third is to vigorously develop smart transportation and smart logistics. We will improve the scientific and technological innovation system and carry out in-depth scientific and technological projects such as tackling key core technologies and piloting the application of intelligent transportation. Accelerate the development of digital transportation, especially a large number of new transportation infrastructures such as smart railways, smart highways, smart ports, smart waterways, smart civil aviation, smart postal services and smart hubs, and standardize the development of new transportation formats.

The fourth is to promote the green and low-carbon transformation of transportation. According to the requirements of the State Council, we will speed up the adjustment of transportation structure, promote the "revolving iron and water" of bulk goods, and vigorously develop the combined transportation of hot metal and water and direct transportation between rivers and seas. Accelerate the "one single system", "one box system" and "one vote system" of transportation services, strengthen the prevention and control of transportation pollution and ecological environment protection, promote the application of clean new energy vehicles and ships, and continue to promote the green management of express packaging.

The fifth is to deepen international cooperation and exchanges in transportation. This year marks the 10th anniversary of the "Belt and Road Initiative" proposed by the Supreme Leader General Secretary. We will take this opportunity to promote the "hard connectivity" and "soft connectivity" of the national transportation infrastructure of the "Belt and Road Initiative", consolidate pragmatic cooperation with relevant countries, regions and organizations in the transportation field according to the principle of joint construction and sharing, and actively participate in global transportation governance.

Pan Gongsheng, governor of the People’s Bank of China, announced at the press conference of the State Council Office on the 24th that the deposit reserve ratio and policy interest rate would be reduced. It will be lowered by 0.5 percentage points in the near future, releasing 1 trillion yuan of long-term liquidity, and it may be lowered by 0.25-0.5 percentage points before the end of the year. At the same time, the central bank’s policy interest rate was lowered, and the seven-day reverse repurchase operating rate was reduced by 0.2 percentage points, guiding the loan market quotation rate (LPR) to go down simultaneously.

Aaron posted on social media.

1905 movie network news According to Taiwan Province media reports, there was a strong earthquake in Taiwan Province recently, and many stars reported their safety in succession. Aaron, who cares about current events, mentioned the theory of "rainy earthquake" on social media, and was deleted after being scolded by netizens for his "low IQ". He issued a statement at noon on the 20th to clarify, and quoted Guo Kaiwen, director of the Earthquake Prediction Center, to support the discussion. Unexpectedly, Guo was slapped in the face, and he was bombarded by netizens for "never admitting his mistake" and ridiculed that he was a "geologist". At around 6 pm on the 21st, he apologized, admitted his mistake and made a mistake on Facebook.

It’s not the first time that disaster comes from the mouth.

Aaron, who was besieged by netizens only last month for insinuating that Ke Wenzhe "has no tutor", caused a storm the night before last because of his Facebook post about earthquakes. He posted a post on social media the night before last, saying that "it didn’t rain for a long time, and this week’s crazy rain made the dry soil wet, so the soft geology caused earthquakes today". Although he emphasized his own observation, this theory of "rainy earthquakes" attracted a large number of netizens to ridicule him for his low IQ.　

Female netizen Kennie explained to him that the plate movement and compression were the cause of the earthquake, and he asked, "Do you study geology?" The dialogue was taken screenshots, and netizens interpreted his choking voice and attracted negative comments. They also spoofed the words to synthesize his photos and put them in posters.　

A five-point statement was refuted.

Aaron got up early on the 21st to clarify three articles in succession, and the third article made a five-point statement, mentioning that he had never made it clear that there was an absolute connection between rain and earthquakes. He also suggested that Guo Kaiwen, director of the Earthquake Prediction Center, said in his report that "the geology is soft and the groundwater level is high, and the seismic waves appear amplification effect", deliberately emphasizing that his argument was well-founded. Unexpectedly, Guo later slapped him with "the geology is soft and has nothing to do with crustal movement", and netizens continued to sneer at him and refused to admit it.　 　 　

Being sprayed, I have no choice but to apologize.

Aaron posted an apology on social media at 6 o’clock on the evening of 21st, saying, "I can really be cautious about throwing out an unproven theory to discuss with my fans, and I haven’t explained or added information sources or supporting information, which has caused people to worry about confusing students’ misconceptions. I’m sorry." At the end of the article, I also noted: "It has been proved that the exact cause of yesterday’s earthquake is plate compression."

Aaron, who has been concerned about social issues such as equal rights in marriage, black-hearted oil, and difficulties in getting back to aviation, is he considering going into politics? He said that he had gone to Heaven to ask if he was suitable for politics, but the interpretation of the signature was not suitable, so he would not consider it.

Some netizens said: "At this level of education, you won’t even consider going into politics, will you?"　

At present, hypertension has aroused widespread concern in society, but postprandial hypotension (PPH), a common symptom of the elderly, is often ignored by the public.

Clinically, we often hear some elderly people complain of dizziness, fatigue, drowsiness, blackness, and even angina pectoris, syncope, and falls after meals. In fact, many of these symptoms are caused by postprandial hypotension.

Postprandial hypotension mostly occurs in the elderly, especially in elderly patients with hypertension, and more attention should be paid to the risk of postprandial hypotension.

　First, what is postprandial hypotension

Postprandial hypotension is a common and unique disease of the elderly, which is mainly manifested as a significant decrease in postprandial blood pressure compared with that before meals. Patients with severe and acute decline may have blackness, syncope, falls, and even cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Among the three meals, postprandial hypotension after breakfast is the most common, followed by lunch, and it is less common after dinner. The prevalence of postprandial hypotension is generally 29%-70%, and there are great differences among different elderly people. The incidence of elderly people in ordinary communities is low, and the elderly, hospitalized patients and elderly people with various diseases are high, and individual reports can reach 80%-90%.

Postprandial hypotension is very harmful to the elderly, which may lead to syncope, fall, trauma, stroke, angina pectoris, increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and other injuries, and also reduce the quality of life.

　Second, what are the manifestations of postprandial hypotension in the elderly?

Patients with postprandial hypotension may have different clinical manifestations, most of them have no obvious clinical symptoms, ranging from pallor, dizziness, fatigue, drowsiness, chest tightness, nausea, falling and blurred vision to acute cardiovascular events such as stroke, transient amaurosis, angina pectoris and transient ischemic attack.

　Third, which elderly people are prone to postprandial hypotension?

Elderly people suffering from hypertension, diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, autonomic nervous dysfunction, paralysis, multiple system atrophy, Alzheimer’s disease and receiving hemodialysis are prone to postprandial hypotension.

　4. What are the causes of postprandial hypotension in the elderly?

Many factors can lead to postprandial hypotension in the elderly, such as the following:

(1) Age: Whether healthy or not, the elderly are prone to postprandial hypotension. Aging leads to decreased vascular elasticity, impaired vascular endothelial function, decreased cardiac function, impaired sympathetic nerve, decreased baroreceptor sensitivity, and weakened ability to regulate blood pressure, which easily leads to postprandial hypotension in the elderly.

(2) Hypertension in the elderly: The incidence of postprandial hypotension in elderly hypertensive patients has increased significantly, especially in patients with unstable basal blood pressure before meals or patients with high blood pressure before meals. The higher the incidence of postprandial hypotension, the greater the decline. Because long-term hypertension promotes systemic atherosclerosis, it can reduce the sensitivity of baroreceptors in aortic arch and carotid sinus, and can not adjust the decrease of postprandial blood pressure quickly and effectively.

(3) Food: High carbohydrate, large meals and eating hot food lead to the secretion of various hormones in the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas, accelerated gastric emptying, weakened gastric vascular reflex, vasodilation in the gastrointestinal tract and increased visceral blood flow, which leads to a rapid drop in blood pressure and easy to lead to postprandial hypotension.

(4) Body mass index: Patients with low body mass index and emaciation are prone to postprandial hypotension.

(5) Drugs: The elderly are frail and sick, and often take some cardiovascular drugs (such as antihypertensive drugs and diuretics) and anti-Parkinson’s drugs, which can affect the postprandial blood pressure of the elderly.

(6) Smoking: Nicotine, oxygen free radicals, carbon monoxide and other harmful substances in tobacco change the vascular structure, reduce compliance and increase stiffness, thus increasing blood pressure fluctuation. At the same time, smoking aggravates the degree of arteriosclerosis in patients and reduces the sensitivity of baroreceptors in aortic arch and carotid sinus.

(7) Complications with other basic diseases: The elderly often suffer from multiple diseases, such as essential hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease and Parkinson’s disease, which will also affect the postprandial blood pressure of the elderly.

　Five, how to diagnose postprandial hypotension

Diagnostic criteria for postprandial hypotension are:

(1) The systolic blood pressure drops more than or equal to 20mmHg within 2 hours of eating.

(2) Preprandial systolic blood pressure is greater than or equal to 100mmHg, while postprandial systolic blood pressure is less than 90mmHg.

(3) Postprandial blood pressure did not reach the above standard, but there were symptoms of postprandial cardiac and cerebral ischemia.

Those who meet one of the above three items and exclude hypotension caused by other reasons (dehydration, autonomic nervous system diseases, drugs, etc.) can be diagnosed.

The lowest postprandial blood pressure usually occurs 35 ~ 60 minutes after meals, and some patients can extend it to 120 minutes.

　Six, the elderly how to intervene in postprandial hypotension?

(1) Non-drug therapy: Drinking proper amount of water or green tea before meals, increasing the frequency of meals, reducing the intake of sugary foods and keeping lying or semi-lying after meals are all measures that can be taken.

(2) At present, drugs are the main treatment for postprandial hypotension in the elderly.

α -glucosidase inhibitors: Acarbose, for example, can reduce the absorption of carbohydrates, reduce the increase of visceral blood flow, and thus reduce the degree of blood pressure decline after meals. Its treatment success rate is 63%, and it is suitable for patients complicated with diabetes and obesity.

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4(DPP-Ⅳ) inhibitors, such as vigliptin, can slow down gastric emptying, increase satiety, reduce postprandial blood sugar and improve postprandial blood pressure drop.

Octreotide: It can inhibit the secretion of gastrointestinal hormones, increase the resistance of viscera and peripheral blood vessels, and relieve the blood pressure reduction of the elderly, hypertensive patients and patients with autonomic nervous dysfunction. However, the cost of octreotide is high and it has some side effects, so its use is limited.

Caffeine: As an antagonist of central adenosine receptor, it can improve the blood pressure drop after meals by preventing splanchnic vasodilation, such as drinking 400 ml of green tea before meals.

Gul gum is a polysaccharide extracted from Gul bean, which can prevent postprandial hypotension by slowing down the absorption of glucose. It is more suitable for patients with type 2 diabetes who need diet control and postprandial hypotension caused by abnormal oral glucose tolerance.

Antihypertensive drugs: Blood reflux can be increased by increasing peripheral vascular resistance, which can alleviate the postprandial blood pressure drop of about 25mmHg.

　Seven, the elderly how to prevent postprandial hypotension.

First of all, we should strengthen the monitoring of blood pressure in the elderly. 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring can continuously monitor blood pressure all day, and better measure blood pressure level, blood pressure load value, nighttime blood pressure decline rate and morning peak value, blood pressure variability and other indicators. Do it in time and make prevention.

(1) Low-sugar diet: Carbohydrate is the fastest emptying in the stomach, and it has the strongest effect of inducing insulin release, which easily leads to a drop in blood pressure after meals. It is suggested to mix diet, change dietary composition and reduce carbohydrate intake.

(2) Eat less and eat more, and avoid full meals: it can reduce blood transfer to internal organs, thus reducing the extent of blood pressure drop after meals.

(3) Avoid overheated diet: the optimum temperature is 40℃~45℃.

(4) Avoid drinking alcohol during meals: drinking alcohol can cause systemic vasodilation and blood pressure drop.

(5) Drinking water therapy: Drinking about 400 ml of water before meals can effectively reduce the drop of blood pressure after meals, especially for patients with autonomic nervous system dysfunction.

(6) Beware of the adverse reactions of antihypertensive drugs: If the postprandial blood pressure drop of some elderly people is clearly caused by antihypertensive drugs, they should go to the hospital in time to give feedback to the doctor so as to adjust the variety or dosage of antihypertensive drugs.

(7) Post-meal exercise: Mild symptoms can be started at 20-30 minutes after meals, and appropriate exercise should be conducted every 30 minutes, but excessive haste, speed and violence should be avoided. Older people who are not suitable for exercise should be in a rest position.

Therefore, the occurrence of postprandial hypotension in elderly patients with hypertension is closely related to many cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Controlling the fluctuation level of patients’ blood pressure is helpful to improve the occurrence of postprandial hypotension, thus reducing the harm to elderly patients.

"Guangzhou TV Classroom" was fully launched yesterday. "New Flower City" provided five ways to broadcast live and play back the epidemic prevention "Don’t herd sheep". On March 9, the "Guangzhou TV Classroom" was launched by Guangzhou Education Bureau. Students can watch it through TV, computer, mobile terminal and other channels. The courses of 11 grades are all online in "New Flower City", providing live broadcast and playback. High-quality teaching quality and clear and stable sound and picture effects have been widely recognized by teachers, students and parents, which has played a good role in supporting online education in Guangzhou. At the same time, Guangzhou Smart Education Public Service Platform has released five online education resources, which are not only synchronized with the "Guangzhou TV Classroom", but also famous class examples and quality education micro-classrooms. So, what about the online classroom where famous teachers gather? The reporter takes you to find out! The Guangdong Provincial Department of Education issued a notice on online education arrangements, requiring primary and secondary schools in the province to carry out online education from March 2; Colleges and secondary vocational schools launched online education in March, and students did not return to school. "Online education can’t be delayed for a moment", the Guangzhou education system was moved at the news. The Party branch of Guangzhou Education Information Center convened representatives of party member and the masses to gather wisdom to tackle key problems, and set up a platform resource allocation group, a course recording support group and a foreign communication coordination group to coordinate and organize teachers to develop and record online courses in strict accordance with the principle of "same grade, same schedule and same instructor". They fought continuously and made contingency plans.Implement operational guarantees. Excellent teachers from Guangya, Zhixin, No.2 Middle School, No.6 Middle School, Tieyi, Guangfu, Xiehe and other municipal schools recorded the "Guangzhou TV Classroom" in Grade One and Grade Two, realizing the sharing of quality education resources in the whole city. In this process, the Guangzhou Municipal Education Bureau plays an overall role, the municipal teaching and research institute carefully designs courses to guide school teachers to prepare lessons collectively, and municipal schools are brave enough to take responsibility and actively participate, and are responsible according to the division of disciplines. As for the most concerned third grade, the teaching progress is controlled by each school according to its own actual situation. The school mainly strengthens attendance management and teaching management to ensure the learning effect through recording and broadcasting classes, live classes, online Q&A and personalized counseling. Online classes also focus on all-round development of primary school students to attend classes at home. The Guangzhou Municipal Education Bureau requires that the daily online education time for primary schools should not exceed 2 hours in principle, that for junior high schools and senior high schools (including secondary vocational schools) should not exceed 3 hours in principle, and that the teaching time for online course teachers in each period should not exceed 20 minutes in principle. Online education adheres to "five educations simultaneously". Taking the primary school curriculum as an example, TV classes include not only subjects such as language, mathematics and English, but also physical education and health, morality and rule of law, comprehensive practical activities, science, art and mental health education. In the middle, there are also time for eye exercises and free reading to promote the all-round development of children’s morality, intelligence, physique and beauty. The latest batch of online resources, in addition to synchronizing with the "Guangzhou TV Classroom", has also added a "quality education micro-classroom" to provide quality education content such as sports, art and labor.Further cultivate students’ abilities of healthy life, aesthetic appreciation and labor practice. At the same time, the platform interface has been revised, so that students can choose courses such as "Guangzhou TV Classroom", "Guangzhou Famous Lessons" and "Quality Education Column" more clearly, and students can choose flexibly according to their own needs. The smooth, efficient and high-quality development of online education in Guangzhou this time depends on the attention paid to improving teachers’ informatization literacy and application level in recent years. In recent years, 1.15 million teachers have participated in the training, and the participation rate is 100%, which has promoted the deep integration of teachers’ information technology and education and teaching, and laid the foundation for the smooth development of online education during the epidemic prevention period. On February 17th, teachers’ online education skills upgrading courses were deployed in the whole city, focusing on the application of online education software platform, strategy research, the construction and management of online learning space, and 232 high-quality training courses from 16 categories such as "National Training Plan" and "Information Technology Application Ability Improvement Project" were launched. At present, the number of courses clicked has reached more than 20,000 times. At the same time, by issuing proposals to municipal education experts, famous principals and famous teachers’ studio hosts, we will guide the hosts to actively learn and master online education tools and actively explore new forms of online training. "One person, one policy" to ensure a lot of families with difficulties, how to ensure that children’s online education does not fall behind? From March 4th, the city started the "one newspaper a day" system, which fully covered and accurately grasped the online education conditions of each student in each school, the distribution of students’ families and the number of school-age children in the family.For students with financial difficulties, improve the working mechanism, establish a ledger, and do a good job in the online education condition guarantee solution according to "one person, one policy". Organize a comprehensive investigation and verification of needy families (including provincial schools in Guangzhou). Specially set up a hotline and e-mail box to receive consultation from students or parents who have difficulties. The Municipal Education Bureau strengthens the overall planning of work. The municipal schools are in charge of the Municipal Education Bureau, and the schools belonging to all districts are mainly in charge of the districts. Municipal schools have achieved 100% coverage of online learning conditions on March 4. District-owned schools actively seek the support of local party committees and governments by district education bureaus, actively coordinate poverty alleviation, civil affairs and other relevant departments, mobilize social forces such as education foundations, distribute terminal equipment for students who lack online learning network equipment and have financial difficulties in their families, negotiate with local operators to solve the problem of online education flow reduction for students with difficulties, and provide support for online education for students. In order to ensure that students’ difficulties can be reflected in time and solved effectively in the process of online education, the Municipal Education Bureau has specially opened and published a consultation hotline and email address to strengthen online learning guidance and psychological counseling for students. Students are required to establish a learning assistance system after returning to school, conduct individualized counseling, and do a good job of connecting online education with back-to-school learning to ensure that no student is left behind. In the process of promoting implementation, efforts should be made to coordinate the resources of all parties so that no child is left behind. According to statistics, as of 16: 00 on March 7th, among the more than 1.63 million students in the city, 6,743 students from poor families who do not have online learning conditions have achieved 100% problem solving.The online class is on! The "New Flower City" course with fresh fun and high participation is very smooth. Students participate in online classes on home tablets. Considering that during the epidemic period, the environment of primary and secondary school students in the city may be limited by various hardware, "New Flower City" provides classroom live broadcast and playback services in five ways, including mobile phones, tablets and PCs. As long as there is a network, it is convenient to watch courses. Guangzhou Daily took the initiative to shoot most of the courses in the fifth and sixth grades of "Guangzhou TV Classroom". In order to let students and parents have a deeper understanding of online classes, Guangzhou Daily and Xinhuacheng made course announcements in the form of posters, short videos and online questions and answers from famous teachers, which were well received by students. "Our class is forwarding the notice of’ New Flower City’, and many of them are famous teachers in the district, and they are very much looking forward to the course," said Ms. Chen, a parent of Lvcui Primary School in Haizhu District. Some teachers said that in recent days, many colleagues and classmates have forwarded the notice and instructions for the use of the "New Flower City" course. "There are still more than a dozen children in my class in other places. According to the feedback from parents, it is smoother to log in to the" New Flower City "by computer." "Today, I feel that the experience of’ New Flower City’ is very good, especially the playback was launched shortly after the end of the course, and the playback was very smooth." Qu Ying, principal of Xianliedong Primary School in Tianhe District, told reporters that the launch of online courses is a learning and upgrading process for both students and teachers. Students study hard through "Guangzhou TV Classroom". Bi Yulian, vice principal of Xinhua Street No.5 Primary School in Huadu District, said that quite a few students use the "New Flower City"APP learning, you can enter the live page with a few simple clicks, which is simple to operate and easy to use. Zhong Wenhai, vice president of Kuang Weiyu Memorial Middle School, said that many of the "Guangzhou TV Classroom" courses are the crystallization of collective preparation by famous teachers, and the classroom content and teaching level are relatively high. He suggested that since offline tutors can’t know the course content in advance, it is suggested to open the viewing rights to teachers in advance, so that offline teachers can better prepare lessons before class and arrange after-class exercises, thus improving the teaching effect. "Compared with several platforms, the’ New Flower City ‘APP has a smoother viewing." Lin Jialing, director of the guidance office of Nancun Agile Primary School, said that she had just started using another platform, and there were some jams in the middle, so she changed to the new flower city platform and found that the effect was very good, so she used it until the end. "I also recommended the’ New Flower City’ platform to other teachers in the school." Zhou Hongbing, deputy director of the Education Guidance Center in Shiqiao District, Panyu District, said that with the full preparation of the education department and the school, students and parents gave good feedback to the "Guangzhou TV Classroom". The relevant person in charge of the Education Bureau of Conghua District specially recommended the course review function of "New Flower City". Through playback learning, it can ensure that every student does not fall behind. After the course is over, the teacher of Xining Primary School pushes the link of classroom playback to parents, so that students can learn something new by playing back the classroom. The relevant person in charge of the Tianhe District Education Bureau said, "Now many parents have already gone to work and may need their children to learn by themselves. We hope that parents can have more benign interactions with their children through playback after work. "Students’ "double-qualification" counseling and repeated learning in advance can "have a 20-minute online class for a short period of time, and their eyes will not be tired. The teacher speaks brilliantly, and you can watch the playback if you don’t understand." Zhu Weihao, a fifth-grade student at Jingxi Primary School in Baiyun District, said, "After class, our teacher also carefully corrects our homework and answers questions for us online, so the’ double-teacher’ learning method is quite good." Not only do students learn something, but parents also feel that they have benefited a lot. Zhu Weihao’s mother, Ms. Zeng, is also a math teacher. She said that the online sharing of these excellent and high-quality courses created by famous teachers’ teaching and research teams will help teachers learn from each other, inspire, promote and improve. Yuexiu District is rich in educational resources, and implements the "three-in-one" mode of self-study by students at home, online guidance by famous teachers and online assistance by schools. Give full play to the advantages of teachers and education informatization, deploy in time, provide rich and well-made "air classroom" with the careful organization of teaching and research personnel in various disciplines and the technical support of education information center, implement dual-teacher guidance, and provide online tutoring every day, so as to build an excellent platform for teachers and students to exchange learning and collide ideas. "The child is looking forward to the 20-minute online discussion with teachers and classmates every day. He said that some students didn’t like to ask questions in class online before, but they were more active online. Everyone discussed it enthusiastically and the teacher would answer questions in time." Ms. Qin, a parent of Dongchuan Road Primary School in Yuexiu District, said that online communication makes children feel fresh and fun, with high participation, which is conducive to knowledge absorption. Students watch TV classes at home.The relevant person in charge of Zengcheng Education Bureau said that all schools in Zengcheng actively do a good job in online teaching. In addition to watching online classes such as "Guangzhou TV Classroom", teachers of all schools also communicate with students and study guidance through communication tools. "I used to hope to finish class early, but now I hope the teacher can drag the hall more." The 20-minute online course made Chen Sijing, a first-year student in Yicai Campus, No.4 Middle School in Liwan District, feel unfinished. Teacher Wu Bibo, the lecturer of the Chinese course in the ninth day of junior high school, is her Chinese teacher. The vivid explanations of the ancient poems "Bamboo Pavilion" and "Smelling Flute in Los Angeles on a Spring Night" made Chen feel cordial and familiar. Liwan District has customized new requirements for online courses. With the encouragement and inspiration of teaching and research staff, the teachers in front of the camera changed from serious lectures at the beginning, not daring to change their expressions to more smiles, richer body language and appeal. You can’t let students fall behind and open a hotline to answer questions for parents and watch "Guangzhou TV Classroom". You can’t let a student fall behind. This is the consensus of the education departments in all districts of Guangzhou. Huangpu District Education Bureau organized all schools in the whole district to check the conditions of students’ participation in online education in advance and verify them one by one. At the same time, it cooperated with the district civil affairs department to focus on the families of poor students with low-income or low-income families, families stranded in Hubei and families with foreign household registration studying in this district. Schools also hold parent-teacher conferences to guide the operation of relevant curriculum platforms online. For individual older parents, the teacher gives online one-on-one guidance on how to operate. At 9: 00 am on March 9, Qin Shaoyu, the principal of Canglian Primary School, visited the students’ homes.On-site guidance for parents to watch "Guangzhou TV Classroom" on their mobile phones. In view of the students stranded in Hubei who have no access to the Internet, school teachers arrange reading, review and consolidation tasks by telephone and text messages. In order to let parents and students better understand and understand the arrangement of online education in Nansha District, and ensure the smooth development of online education for teachers and students in Nansha. The Education Bureau of Nansha District has also specially carried out the "Online Education Special Question Answering Activity". Online education answering activities are mainly carried out through "hotline" and "scanning code to leave a message". Parents’ consultation questions mainly involve online teaching schedule and online teaching course quality, and they are all answered one by one. According to the person in charge of the Education Guidance Center of Zhong Luotan Town, Baiyun District, there are 86 children in the town who have difficulties in online learning. With the joint efforts of all parties, all the online learning problems of 86 children have been solved by various methods, such as helping to sign up for the network, donating equipment, providing on-site technical support and guiding their use. The message version of "New Flower City" by parents of students has a good learning effect, and the experience of the elderly is also very good. Kangkang has never had a TV set at home. "For this online education, our whole family has installed a new flower city, and the elderly at home have also installed it." Kangkang’s father, Mr. Li, said with a smile. For the sake of children’s eyesight, he is given a computer class at home, with a bigger screen and good learning effect. Mr. Li said that the new flower city has both a mobile terminal and a computer terminal, which has solved the big problem of dual employees. Mr. Li and his wife have to go to work during the day, and their children’s online learning is basically supervised by the elderly.The new flower city is easy to operate and the experience of the elderly is very friendly. More importantly, the computer can also control the network. After class, when adults turn off the network, they don’t have to worry about their children being addicted to the network. -Kangkang, a fourth-grade student of Nonglinxia Road Primary School, and his family Li Qingxuan were accompanied by their father at home yesterday. In order to attend the class smoothly, the family specially downloaded the client of New Flower City for her in advance, and she also logged in to practice on the ipad many times to get familiar with the class path. Li Qingxuan’s mother Du Yishan is the vice-principal in charge of teaching at Jiangxia Primary School in Baiyun District, Guangzhou. On the 9th, the Guangzhou TV class in the primary school officially started. She returned to school to stand by on duty and paid attention to her daughter’s class at home. "It’s smooth and easy to operate." Du Yushan said that shortly after the end of the course, she received a push message from the client of Xinhuacheng on her mobile phone, reminding her that the course could be replayed. She immediately asked the teachers in each class to forward it to the parents and told them that they could watch the replay if they missed it. "There are online courses such as Huayang Micro-class and Provincial Classroom on the client of Xinhuacheng, which are good resources for children or peers." She said. —— Li Qingxuan, a sixth-grade student of Guang Yuan Primary School in Baiyun District, and his family and teachers changed to "anchor" and the class group changed to "idolize". In order to get up early to prepare for class, Wu Peixuan specially set the alarm clock the night before the class started. At home, the "special area" for her class in the living room was specially arranged in advance, and the class equipment was also debugged in advance. "The children are looking forward to class, and they have waited too long." Wu Peixuan’s mother, Ms. Fan, introduced,The children were even more proud and excited when they heard that it was their favorite head teacher, Mr. Hu Hua, who gave the first Chinese lesson to the fifth-grade children in the city the afternoon before the class started. The class group was also very "boiling" and turned into a large-scale "idolize" scene. "Teacher Hu’s class is wonderful! How attractive! The teacher must have spent a lot of time preparing lessons. Thank you! Hard work! " After accompanying her daughter to finish the first Chinese class, Ms. Fan lamented. —— Wu Peixuan, a fifth-grade student at Guang Yuan Primary School in Baiyun District, and her family Chen Chuqing know that the teachers they know will also appear on TV to give classes for everyone. She feels very cordial and is particularly looking forward to the class. "Because the course can be played back, our parents are much more flexible in handling it." Chen Chuqing’s mother, Ms. Li, said that because the Guangzhou Tuodi course has a playback function, in case the children don’t watch the live broadcast in a certain class, they can find time to watch the playback again, so that parents and students can have a bottom in their hearts. -Chen Chuqing, a sixth-grade student of Peiying School in Pingsha, Guangzhou, and his family had a "cloud reminder". Parents bandu were more relaxed. On the morning of the 9th, many children adjusted their work and rest and got ready for class early. Pan Diyang put on his school uniform and red scarf, and attended the online flag-raising ceremony organized by the school before the class started. Later, he did morning reading according to the teacher’s request. Class begins at 9: 20. During the time of thinking and practicing after class, the children read aloud and practiced calligraphy under the online guidance of their teachers. The teachers of Huayang Primary School watched the "Guangzhou TV Classroom" with the children. In the course of class,The teacher will remind the supervisor of the precautions among the parents. "Please bring your children to read aloud with the teacher." "Children should not just sit and listen, but think and take notes." These reminders are passed on to the children through the parents who accompany the class. —— Pan Diyang, a second-grade student of Marshal House Primary School, is well prepared for the class. In order to make online education go smoothly, many primary schools held online parent-teacher conferences in advance to introduce the precautions to parents and children in detail. According to the timetable of primary and secondary schools in Guangzhou, Sports East Education Group adopts the teaching method of "double-teacher cooperation" which combines "TV teacher" with "micro-lesson guidance" and "live teaching" of teachers in this class. In order to avoid the information interference and confusion brought to parents by the multi-disciplinary study instructions sent continuously before the class starts, the school guides the class to make overall arrangements, so that the subject teachers can summarize the daily study instructions, clarify the use of the platform and matters needing attention, ensure that the instructions are simple and clear, minimize the students’ hectic learning process, and achieve "guidance in hand, no panic before class". According to Ms. Liao, Deng Xinhao’s mother, since the school stopped studying, the children’s school has made sufficient preparations to let the children adapt to the online class in advance, and now the children can learn the new courses seamlessly. -Deng Xinhao, a second-year student of the primary school affiliated to South China Agricultural University, and his family.

　　Cctv newsOn November 24, 2019, the first medical insurance code in China was activated in Jinan City, Shandong Province, marking the official entry of medical treatment and drug purchase into the era of "one code". Up to now, the medical insurance code has been launched for four years, with more than 1 billion users nationwide and more than 800,000 designated medical institutions. Recently, the National Medical Insurance Bureau held a press conference to introduce the development of medical insurance codes.

　　What is the medical insurance code?

　　The medical insurance code is a unified information identification issued by the National Medical Insurance Bureau for the insured. According to the relevant person in charge, the medical insurance code is a popular term for medical insurance in electronic certificate. It supports people to see a doctor and buy medicines and handle medical insurance business across regions and channels without relying on a physical ID card.

　　In 2020, the medical insurance code was included in the electronic certificate database of the national integrated online government service platform, which completed the docking with the unified identity authentication system of the national government service platform and realized the activation and use of the national government service platform APP, WeChat, Alipay, mobile banking and other channels.

　　In 2022, with the nationwide unified medical insurance information platform fully launched as an opportunity, the national medical insurance system extensively explored and promoted the online and offline application of medical insurance codes, constantly enriched the application scenarios, and supported the use of medical insurance codes to handle related businesses in all scenarios requiring identity verification and medical insurance settlement, thus realizing the whole process application of medical insurance codes.

　　How does the medical insurance code facilitate our life?

　　"Cross-provincial general office" runs less errands. With the advantages of cross-regional use in the whole country, the medical insurance code helps the masses to handle medical records in different places online and directly settle accounts offline.

　　Internet plus enjoys the handheld service. In order to meet the needs of multi-level and personalized consultation, the medical insurance department has launched a number of "internet plus medical insurance services", such as online consultation, one-click prescription renewal, follow-up dispensing, online settlement, and drug delivery to the home, so as to better meet the needs of the people for medical treatment and drug purchase.

　　See a doctor and buy medicine in one code. It is understood that the application of the medical insurance code in the whole scene and process is one of the key tasks of the medical insurance department this year, which promotes the use of the medical insurance code from being available only in the settlement link to being available in the whole process of appointment registration, check-in, diagnosis and treatment, report inquiry, and pharmacy taking medicine.

　　At present, the cooperation channels of medical insurance codes include Internet platforms, commercial banks and designated medical institutions, with a total of 234.

　　Xie Zhangshu, deputy director of the Department of Finance and Regulation of the National Medical Insurance Bureau, said: "We also see that some medical institutions still have the situation that the medical insurance code cannot be used in the whole process. Next, the medical insurance department will continue to optimize and improve the application scenarios of medical insurance codes, continuously optimize and simplify various services, introduce more service applications that people need and love, and continuously improve ‘ Medical insurance code, one-code communication ’ The gold content, continue to clean up the medical insurance code ‘ Full scene communication, full process communication and national communication ’ The dead corner of work, better performance ‘ China medical insurance, life-long protection ’ Commitment mission. "

　　Hypertension is not only an increase in blood pressure, but also a headache and dizziness. The biggest harm of hypertension is the damage to key organs such as heart, brain and kidney, as well as blood vessels of the whole body. Once the following four kinds of symptoms or signs are found, it may mean that some organs have problems, so you should seek medical attention and make diagnosis and treatment in time.

　　1. Palpitation, chest pain and edema of lower limbs: If palpitation occurs, you should pay attention to whether tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and premature beats have occurred; Chest pain suggests coronary heart disease, angina pectoris and even aortic dissection; Lower extremity edema should pay attention to whether there is heart failure, and the side effects of some drugs can also be manifested as swelling of the ankle.

　　2. Dizziness, dizziness, blurred vision, upper and lower limb dyskinesia or numbness: When these symptoms appear, you should be alert to whether cerebrovascular disease or fundus artery disease has occurred, which are common complications of hypertension.

　　3. Eyelid swelling, nocturia, hematuria or foam urine: It suggests that renal lesions may have occurred. Hypertension that is not well controlled all the year round is easy to damage the kidneys.

　　4. The blood pressure of the upper arms on both sides is much different or the foot hurts after walking for a long time: the former usually means arterial stenosis of the upper limbs; The foot pain after walking for a long time will be relieved after a short rest, which is probably the result of stenosis of lower extremity arteries. ▲