[PConline evaluation]During the first test of the third generation Core i, we didn’t give too much in-depth explanation and actual combat on its overclocking part, which may bring some players regret. So today, we will fight the overclocking of the third generation i7 to bring you a more real and accurate overclocking scene of the third generation Core I..

　　Specifically, today we will take Yingtai TZ77XE3 as an example to introduce and practice: what kind of hardware preparation is needed for air-cooled overclocking of the third generation Core i, how to set overclocking of the third generation Core i, and whether the air-cooled overclocking limit of the third generation Core i can hit the 5GHz mark. Part of the information may change your view on the overclocking of three generations of Core i, which is wonderful and not to be missed. If you don’t watch it, it will be your loss!

If you don’t look, it’s your loss! Detailed explanation of the impact of the third generation i7 on the 5G mark

What kind of hardware should be prepared for the third-generation Core i air-cooled overclocking?

　　If you want to do a good job, you must sharpen your tools first. Let’s take a look at what kind of hardware to prepare for the three generations of Core i air-cooled overclocking.

CPU: i5/i7 series can surpass, and K series is more free.

　　Among the three generations of Core i, only the i5/i7 series can really overclock CPU, among which the K series unlocked frequency doubling CPU has higher overclocking freedom, but the price will be much more expensive.

　　In terms of external frequency, the adjustable range of the third generation Core i seems to be larger than that of the second generation, but according to Intel’s official reference guidelines, the range that can be stably adjusted is generally 7% up and down, that is, 93~107MHz, so the overclocking of the third generation Core i is stillMainly depends on frequency doublingTherefore, i5/i7, which has the opportunity to adjust frequency doubling, will have an advantage.

　　with regard toNon-K Series i5/i7, the maximum frequency doubling can only beUp adjustment +4For example, the i7-3770 can be adjusted to 38 octave (34+4), and with TB turbo frequency, it can realize 4GHz multithreading and up to 4.3GHz single thread. butK series i5/i7, frequency doublingThe maximum can be adjusted to 63.With 100MHz external frequency, the ultra-high main frequency of 6.3GHz can be achieved. Whether it is not k or k, it isMust be matched with the specified motherboard in order to exceed the frequency doubling..

　　In addition, the artifact that is relatively hot recently.Xeon E3-1230 V2 also has no overclocking capability..

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Knowledge: the basic principle of overclocking?

　　"overclocking" means to make the hardware work above the rated frequency. For CPU, the basic principle is "Core frequency = external frequency x frequency multiplication",such as an i5 2300, the external frequency is 100MHz, and the frequency doubling is 28, so the core frequency is 2.8GHz For more detailed overclocking knowledge, please click to view:

How to play overclocking in the new era? Overclocking theory of mainstream platform
//diy.pconline.com.cn/main/study_main/1202/2661734.html

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Radiator: A radiator of about 100 yuan is enough for medium and small overclocking.

　　Generally, overclocking requires the purchase of a stronger radiator to achieve good performance, while the overclocking voltage demand of the third generation Core i is low, and the calorific value is lower. Therefore, the radiator does not need to be too high-end, and the heat dissipation of about 100 yuan is enough for medium and small overclocking.

　　Take the third-generation i7 3770K as an example. With the silent power of 1.1V, the general physique can reach 4.5GHz, and the poor physique can reach 4.2GHz, so the calorific value is well controlled. As for pressurization overclocking, it is generally said that about 1.37V can stabilize at 5GHz. Today, we will verify the air-cooled overclocking. What is certain is that the overclocking range of the third-generation i7 3770K is mostly 4.5~4.8GHz, and the voltage is between 1.1~1.37V, which can be suppressed with a radiator of about 100 yuan.

Motherboard: Z77-based, with upgraded BIOS support for Z68/P67.

　　The best partner for overclocking of the third generation Core i is Z77 motherboard, followed by Z68/P67 after BIOS upgrade. Although Z75 can support it theoretically, there are not many choices for Z75 in the market.

　　Z77 is the best choice for overclocking of the third generation Core I.First, because it is the mainstream product in the current market, and second, because it has the most advanced BIOS support, it is the easiest to buy and match, and it also has the advantages of intelligent response, quick start and other application technologies.Z68 is a secondary choice.Because it is the highest-end product of the previous generation after all, the materials used for work will not be too bad, and after the BIOS support update, it can also bring good support to the overclocking of the third generation of Core i, in addition to intelligent response technology support.

　　P67 has been delisted for a long time and is mainly suitable for old players to upgrade; The upgraded version of Z75 is also available on the market now, but there are not many choices, mainly Yingtai, Huaqing, etc. The main difference with Z77 is that it does not have intelligent response technical support.

　　In addition, the market can support three generations of Core i models, such as H61, H67, B75, H77, etc., and only external frequency can be adjusted at most, and frequency doubling and overclocking are hopeless.

Memory: with three generations, it can exceed 1600MHz, and Z77/Z68/P67 can be higher.

　　Three generations of Core iThe default memory is 1600MHz., can be counted as a general small overclocking, withZ77/Z68/P67 can be higher when overclocking motherboards are supported..

　　With the second-generation Core i, the maximum memory frequency of H61/H67/B75/H77 motherboards is 1333MHz, and with the third-generation Core I, it can be regarded as a small overclocking support.

　　In terms of overclocking, it is still necessary to match the motherboards supporting overclocking such as Z77/Z68/P67.The third generation of Core i brings more flexible memory overclocking frequency., in addition to 1600/1866/2133MHz, there are 1400/1800/2000MHz, etc. In addition, motherboards such as Z77 with newer BIOS and better support can also pass.Load XMP setting direct overclocking memory, easily reach 2133MHz, which is very beneficial.

　　In addition, please note that adjusting the CPU external frequency will affect the memory, so pay attention to control the external frequency overclocking+memory overclocking, otherwise the platform will be unstable.

Graphics card: nuclear display can be super; Avoid high-power graphics cards, and pay attention to the influence of external frequency overclocking on graphics cards.

　　First of all, we must remind you that all motherboards in the 7 series have display outputs, so take it.With three generations of Core i, it can overclock nuclear display., mainly depends on BIOS support.

　　On the other hand, solo display usually has a negative impact on CPU overclocking, and many minor problems must be avoided. for exampleAvoid high-power graphics cardsUnless your power supply is very high, because many power supplies are powered by the same module as the CPU, when the high-power graphics card pulls all the power away, the overclocking power supply of the CPU is not guaranteed. In addition, when the external frequency of the third-generation Core i is adjusted for overclocking, the frequency of the PCI-E channel will also rise, which will easily lead to the collapse of the platform, so it needs careful attention.

　　Summary:CPU, memory overclocking or choose high-end motherboards such as Z77 with K-series processors; CPU small super/memory large super can use Z77+ non-K series i5/i7; Small memory can use B75/H77+ 3rd generation i3/i5/i7; Nuclear display overclocking, as long as BIOS supports it, 6 series and 7 series can basically support it, except P67 without display output and some Z68.

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Evaluation platform and evaluation description:

　　In this overclocking, we use Yingtai’s TZ77XE3 motherboard as an example, and we use a third-generation i7 3770K processor without frequency doubling, two high-frequency DDR3 memories and a low-end graphics card to form a platform, so that we can better realize large-scale overclocking. In this test, we will combine the overclocking set by BIOS and the overclocking set by software under the system. For Z77/Z75 without overclocking software support, we can also refer to the setting.

Mainstream Z77 representative: Yingtai TZ77XE3　　picture　　series　　evaluating　　forum　　quote　　Net purchase price

　　　Yingtai motherboard has always had a good overclocking ability, and the BIOS design is also close to mainstream products, so it is very suitable as a representative to explain overclocking. Users of other brands can refer to the settings. This time, we chose Yingtai TZ77XE3, which adopts the brand-new E3 spirit design, has the ultimate performance, high-definition performance of symbolic entertainment life, elegant and practical design, and the price is only 1188 yuan, which is the most intimate Z77 player motherboard.

Prepare to explain the BIOS settings before overclocking:

It is best to update the BIOS first.

　　The new BIOS usually optimizes overclocking support and new CPU support, so be sure to check for BIOS updates before overclocking. Asus, Gigabyte, Yingtai, Huaqing, MSI and Elite all have their own dedicated BIOS update tools, some of which can be called directly under the BIOS, while others need to install software networking automatic update. For Yingtai, we can pop up the BIOS update tool by pressing F12 when booting, insert a USB flash drive with a new BIOS, and then press F12 to refresh, then we can see the USB flash drive and select an update file to easily update the BIOS.

Main BIOS interface

　　Yingtai TZ77XE3 adopts graphical BIOS interface, and its basic design and response performance are similar to those of traditional BIOS. Besides keyboard, it can also be operated by mouse.

Step 1: Lock the frequency doubling.

　　Like the second-generation Core i, the third-generation Core i has EIST (Enhanced Intel Speedstep Technology) frequency doubling/voltage adjustment technology, which is inconvenient for overclocking stability and voltage control, so we need to turn it off. On Yingtai’s motherboard, we can directly lock CPU frequency doubling by turning on the Fixed CPU Ratio item. After turning on, C1E and EIST options will automatically become disabled, and other motherboards can achieve the same effect by disabling C1E and EIST.

　　Note that turning off EIST will also turn off TurboBoost Turbo Boost technology, so the CPU will not overclock automatically according to the application situation.

　
Supplement: Turn off C3 and C6 at the CPU setting option.

　　Some motherboards may automatically decompress and save energy after locking the frequency doubling, which is what we don’t want to see when overclocking, so we find the special CPU setting of BIOS and turn off C3 and C6 instructions to prevent the CPU from entering the energy-saving state.

Step 2: turn on PLL Override.

　　Second, in order to optimize the frequency doubling and overclocking, we turn off the CPU Spread Spectrum option and turn on the Internal PLL Override.

Step 3: Adjust the memory frequency.

　　In order to optimize the performance after overclocking, we usually overclock the memory when overclocking the CPU. The third generation Core i can support DDR3 1600MHz by default, so we can easily go to 1600MHz 8-8-8-24 1T or higher. Note that if the external frequency is adjusted during overclocking, the frequency of the memory will also be affected. If the external frequency is overclocked at the same time under the high-frequency memory setting, overclocking will easily lead to failure. We just use the default 1600MHz here.

Step 4: Turn on the anti-drop pressure.

　　At present, the power supply options of the motherboard BIOS are more and more complex, and different brands often have different setting options, so we can’t explain them all. However, it is very important and universal to turn on the Loadline Calibration option of the motherboard. Different motherboards and different power supply designs have different levels of voltage drop prevention, and generally 50%~75% is more in line with the actual range of air-cooled overclocking.

　　Summary:The preparation of BIOS setting before overclocking is not complicated. The key points are to update the BIOS, turn off the functions of frequency conversion and voltage transformation, turn on the anti-voltage drop, and control the memory frequency not to be too high or too low.

　　Special reminder! Sometimes if the overclocking setting is too high, the system will fail to start. After several automatic restarts, the BIOS will automatically restore the overclocking option, resulting in the situation of "overclocking setting is invalid". Please return to the BIOS to reset! Save the settings as user settings file after the recommended settings!

The actual combat of overclocking software under the system;

　　We will use Yingtai’s TOVERCLOCKER software for this overclocking. The basic principle is the same as BIOS overclocking, but the adjustable options are not as many as BIOS overclocking, and the overclocking stability is usually not as good as BIOS overclocking, but the advantage is that it is convenient enough, and it can bypass a high-load environment when the system is started to avoid crashing.

　　Whether it is BIOS overclocking or software overclocking, we all follow a basic adjustment sequence: voltage adjustment-frequency adjustment-external frequency adjustment-testing stability-saving overclocking settings. For BIOS overclocking, system startup is a stability test, while for software overclocking, the software usually comes with a stability test tool, which can be called automatically or manually.

Software main interface: when you see CPU information, don’t jump the CPU frequency.

　　After opening TOVERCLOCKER, the first page is the platform hardware information, and the overclocking software in most systems is also designed in this way. Pay attention to the CPU frequency, and it must not fluctuate up and down to show that our BIOS settings are accurate and effective.

Memory detection

　　Similar to CPU-Z, this software can detect the timing and frequency setting of memory, but it can’t adjust the memory frequency casually under the system.

Voltage detection

　　In terms of hardware monitoring, this software can monitor the voltage of CPU, memory, chips and other hardware.

Fan detection

　　In terms of fan speed, the software can detect the speeds of three fans, namely CPU, System 1 and System 2, and can monitor and adjust the fan speed of intelligent CPU.

Temperature monitoring

　　In terms of temperature, this software can monitor the temperature of CPU and system.

Overfrequency setting main interface

　　There are two adjustable options in the main interface of overclocking setting of the software, namely CPU external frequency and CPU frequency doubling, which will not take effect immediately after setting. Press Test to test the stability, and press Apply to enable the setting. In addition, there is Preset function, which can be used to save/load the setting.

　　After the trial Test, the system may lose its response for a short time after pressing test. Players should wait patiently. If it is successful, the software will prompt Pass, and there will be no real crash. It is faster to Apply directly, but please make sure that you have adjusted the overvoltage, otherwise it is easy to crash and restart directly.

Voltage adjustment option

　　There are five voltage options for software: CPU, memory, chip, nuclear display and Vcc IO. Among them, overclocking CPU mainly adjusts CPU voltage (CPU Vcore), Vcc IO and memory voltage (DRAM Voltage), which is different from BIOS settings. The voltage settings here are effective immediately and do not save settings, so please adjust them carefully. After adjustment, you can save them as settings for later use.

Automatic overclocking option

　　In addition, this software also has an automatic overclocking option, which can easily stabilize the small overclocking and serve as the starting point for subsequent overclocking.

Achieve 5GHz frequency at 1.34V and run SuperPI.

　　We first set the CPU voltage to about 1.34V, and at the same time slightly increased the Vcc IO voltage to about 1.09V, then set the external frequency to 102MHz and the frequency doubling to 48, and then gradually increased the external frequency. Finally, the CPU successfully reached the external frequency of 104MHz, surpassing the main frequency of 5GHz. The system continued to successfully complete the SuperPI operation, and the calculation of 1 million bits took 7.031 seconds.

By default, SuperPI runs for 1 million bits: 9.49 seconds.

　　By default, the frequency of i7 3770K is 3.5GHz, and the turbo frequency is 3.7GHz. It takes 9.49 seconds to calculate the 1 million-bit SuperPI, which is 2.459 seconds slower than that after overclocking, indicating that overclocking really improves the performance of the platform.

　　Summary:As long as the CPU constitution is not particularly poor and the motherboard is good enough, it is no problem for the i7 3770K to run a SuperPI at 5GHz with 1.3~1.4V air cooling, and the calorific value is not very exaggerated, so we only use a medium-sized 4 copper heat pipe radiator. Of course, our overclocking platform is not stable. The more stable overclocking setting is 100MHz external frequency, and the 50-octave frequency is directly on 5GHz. In addition, we may have to explore the voltage setting and strengthen the heat dissipation.

　　On the other hand, Yingtai TZ77XE3 is really a good motherboard, with sufficient overclocking options, easy to use, and relatively stable voltage control. With software air-cooled overclocking, it can go straight to 5GHz, which is very rare and commendable.

Summary of PConline evaluation room:

The overclocking ability of the third generation Core i is better than that of the second generation.

　　In the era of the second generation of Core i, players have a saying that "high voltage works wonders", which means that as long as the voltage is enough, the second generation of Core i can be super high, which makes sense. However, this is not the case for the third-generation Core I. Generally, the voltage of i7 3770K is 1.3~1.4V, which is almost higher than 5GHz, and the frequency of silent overclocking is also 4.5GHz The significance of high-voltage strategy is not as great as before. The simple summary is that the overclocking ability of the third generation Core i is better than that of the second generation, especially the air-cooled overclocking.

Third-generation Core i overclocking does not require high-end radiator.

　　As we know, the voltage is usually related to heating. The third generation of Core i is "a miracle at low voltage" and has low requirements for heat dissipation. As we said earlier, "a radiator of about 100 yuan is used for medium and small overclocking". After the actual measurement, we can say that it is enough for non-K series i5/i7 mini-supercapacitors and K series users whose target is below 4.8GHz to buy a radiator of about 100 yuan. If you really want to run stably at 5GHz,

Choosing the right motherboard is very important.

　　　Z77 is the best overclocking partner whether it is matched with non-K series i5/i7, i5 3570K and i7 3770K, so it is right for newly installed users to choose Z77 if they want to overclock. Yingtai motherboard has always provided good overclocking capability under the premise of reasonable price. The Yingtai TZ77XE3 used in this test is no exception, and the price is less than 1200 yuan. With i7 3770K, it is easy to air-cool over 5GHz, and its overclocking software is quite convenient and practical, which brings more flexibility to overclocking, and it is generally worth recommending.

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　　Zhongxin Jingwei Client April 20 (Zhang Yunan) Every year, related topics such as whether pensions are rising and how to adjust them have been highly concerned by the people. According to the incomplete statistics of Sino-Singapore Jingwei client, since January 1 this year, 11 provinces have implemented new basic pension standards for urban and rural residents. Among them, many provinces have clearly stated that they will be inclined to the elderly aged 65 and over and those who have exceeded the minimum payment period.

　　11 provinces took the lead in opening the upward adjustment window.

　　In March this year, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued a document clarifying that from January 1, 2019, the basic pension level will be raised for retirees of enterprises, institutions and institutions who have gone through retirement procedures according to regulations and received basic pensions on a monthly basis before the end of 2018. The overall adjustment level is about 5% of the monthly basic pension for retirees in 2018. So far, China’s urban employee retirees’ pension has achieved 15 consecutive increases.

　　At the same time, the basic pension for urban and rural residents has also shown an upward trend in recent years. The Zhongxin Jingwei client noticed that since 2019, 11 provinces including Shanxi, Guangdong, Hebei, Henan, Ningxia, Heilongjiang, Qinghai, Tibet, Jiangsu, Yunnan and Jiangxi have successively issued specific implementation opinions on the normal adjustment mechanism of basic pensions for urban and rural residents.

　　According to the work report of Guangdong provincial government in 2019, the minimum standard of basic pension for urban and rural residents in Guangdong province will be raised from 148 yuan per person per month to 170 yuan this year. Henan Province announced that it has decided to raise the minimum standard of provincial basic pension from 98 yuan per person per month to 103 yuan per person per month from January 1, 2019. Jiangsu Province issued a document saying that the minimum standard of basic pension will be raised from 135 yuan per person per month to 148 yuan … …

　　At the same time, many provinces have adjusted the grade standards of individual contributions. For example, Qinghai Province has added four higher-grade standards. Shanxi Province adjusted the minimum payment grade and the maximum payment grade to 200 yuan and 5,000 yuan per person per year respectively. In Yunnan Province, the payment grade standard of 3,000 yuan is added, and the insured can pay according to 13 payment grade standards, ranging from the lowest 100 yuan to the highest 3,000 yuan.

　　Tilt for people aged 65 and over.

　　It is worth noting that, at present, all provinces have shown a preference for the elderly and those who have exceeded the minimum payment period in determining the specific plan for the adjustment of pension benefits.

　　For example, Shanxi Province proposed to issue additional basic pensions to urban and rural elderly residents aged 65 and above, with the minimum standard of 5 yuan per person per month. The adjustment plan issued by Guangxi shows that the basic old-age pension will be added to the urban and rural elderly residents aged 65 and above.

　　Some provinces have a more detailed division of the age group of the insured. Hebei Province proposes to tilt towards the elderly residents aged 65 and above. After the recipients reach the age of 65, the basic pension will increase the 1 yuan per person per month on the basis of the base; After reaching the age of 75, increase 2 yuan; After reaching the age of 85, 3 yuan will be increased, and the required funds will be shared by the provinces, cities and counties. Ningxia proposed that the basic pension for urban and rural elderly residents should be increased by 2 yuan per person per month if they are over 65 years old and under 70 years old; At least 70 years of age but under 75 years of age, 4 yuan will be increased per person per month.

　　In terms of payment years reward, Qinghai Province has made it clear that if the payment period exceeds 15 years, the basic pension 10 yuan will be added every month for each additional year of payment period. Hebei Province and Shanxi Province pointed out that the cumulative payment period exceeds 15 years, and the 1 yuan will be increased every month for each additional year. Jiangxi Province has proposed that the payment period will exceed 15 years, and for each additional year, the basic pension will be increased by 2% every month.

　　The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance have issued a document clearly stating that local governments should raise the basic pension standard according to local conditions and give appropriate tilt to urban and rural elderly residents aged 65 and above; For long-term payment, more than the minimum payment period, the basic pension should be appropriately added.

　　The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security said that this is due to the fact that the old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents has not been established for a long time, some older elderly residents have not paid fees or the payment period is not long, and there is no personal account pension or the amount is low, but they have made important contributions to the country’s economic and social development in the past. The person in charge further stated that the local government should appropriately increase the basic pension for long-term payment and exceed the minimum payment period, which is to encourage individuals to pay for a long time from the "export end" of treatment.

　　Industry: Pension can consider investing in corporate bonds.

　　Lu Aihong, spokesperson of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, once pointed out that in 2018, both the entrusted investment of the pension insurance fund and the funds received have increased significantly, especially the investment in the basic pension insurance fund for urban and rural residents has achieved practical results. The data shows that by the end of 2018, there were 523.92 million people participating in the endowment insurance for urban and rural residents nationwide, of which 158.98 million actually received benefits, and more than 49 million poor people directly benefited.

　　Yang Yansui, a professor at the School of Public Administration of Tsinghua University, believes that entrusted investment in the basic old-age insurance fund for urban and rural residents to maintain and increase the value of the pension fund can encourage residents to pay more and pay more, increase the accumulation of personal pension and improve the payment level of residents’ old-age insurance.

　　Among the many channels of pension investment, it has to be mentioned that the pension entering the market as one of the measures to preserve and increase the value has attracted much attention in recent years.

　　The entry of pension into the market refers to the securities investment of individual account funds in the basic old-age insurance fund. Yang Lixiong, deputy director of China Social Security Research Center of Renmin University of China, believes that the risk of pension investment in the capital market is not small. He suggested that pensions can consider investing in corporate bonds. "Although the risk of investing in corporate bonds is also high, because many corporate bonds in China are state-owned bonds, the risk is much smaller, and the future income of the invested projects can be expected." Yang Lixiong said.

　　Tang Jisong, director of the Fund Supervision Bureau of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that in order to cope with the risks of fund investment and operation, we should promote the continuous expansion of the investment and operation scale of pension funds, guide local governments to establish the concept of long-term investment, and encourage local governments to continue and expand the entrusted investment scale of basic pensions. (Zhongxin Jingwei APP)