Figure ①: Recently, students from Xi ‘an Jiaotong University Student Association are helping the elderly to learn how to operate smart phones. People’s visual map ②: Wuxi Railway Station in Jiangsu Province opened a service channel without health code to provide convenient services for the elderly. People’s vision

　　Online booking registration, scanning code to pay for goods, and online car travel … … With the rapid development of mobile Internet, digitalization has profoundly changed people’s daily lives, but at the same time, it has also made some elderly people feel at a loss — — I can’t scan the health code and wander at the door of the community. I don’t need mobile payment to worry at the checkout counter. I won’t make an online appointment to go to the hospital and I can’t hang up the number … …

　　China has stepped into an aging society. According to the forecast of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the elderly population in China will exceed 300 million during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. On the one hand, it is an increasingly prominent aging phenomenon, and on the other hand, it is a rapidly developing digital society. How can the elderly keep up with the times and enjoy the dividends of scientific and technological progress?

　　The General Office of the State Council recently issued the "Implementation Plan on Effectively Solving the Difficulties of the Elderly in Using Intelligent Technology", which made arrangements for further solving the difficulties encountered by the elderly in using intelligent technology, adhering to the parallel of traditional service methods and intelligent service innovation, and providing more comprehensive, intimate and direct convenience services for the elderly.

　　What specific difficulties do the elderly currently face in using intelligent technology? Let them better adapt to and integrate into the smart society, what other aspects need to be exerted? The reporter conducted an investigation and interview on this.

　　The elderly have accelerated their "touching the net" and become a group of network users that cannot be ignored.

　　Continuously optimized smart devices and network services make life more convenient and fun for the elderly.

　　"Small degree, turn on the bedside light belt." As soon as the voice fell, light appeared in the dark night. This is the Yanshou Community Pension Service Station in Dashilan Street, Xicheng District, Beijing. Last summer, relying on Baidu artificial intelligence products such as "small smart screen", 71-year-old grandma Fang Kejie intelligently transformed her residence.

　　Click Bluetooth with one click to automatically connect devices. Fang Kejie, while skillfully operating, told reporters: "In the past, I always looked for my mobile phone in the dark before getting up at night, and turned on the light by the screen light. It was inevitable that I would bump into it when I was old. Now that you have a smart speaker, you can light the bedside lamp by moving your mouth, which is particularly convenient! "

　　"The registered population of Dashilan Street accounts for nearly 30% of the elderly over 60 years old, far exceeding the national average of 18.1%." Ma Naiqi, director of the "Silver Crane Zero Distance" Overall Dispatching Center in Dashilan Street, said that the simple mobile phone operation for ordinary people will become more complicated for the elderly. With the help of artificial intelligence products such as intelligent control lights, you can make an appointment for nutritious meals and get health information, so that the elderly can better enjoy the convenience and fun of intelligent life.

　　At home, the ever-changing smart devices make the elderly more comfortable; Going out, continuously optimized software services also make the elderly more worry-free.

　　Walking into a community in Haidian District, Beijing, Aunt Xin, who was strolling in the community after dinner, was surrounded by several neighborhoods who were both in their 60s. When she got closer, it turned out that she was introducing her online registration experience to everyone — — Open "Jing Yi Tong" WeChat WeChat official account, select "Medical Service", click "Register", fill in the list of hospitals and the date of medical treatment, and finally the online payment is completed.

　　"It’s so convenient, we have to try it!" The neighbors were amazed. Aunt Xin said that she used to queue up at the hospital at 5 o’clock in the morning, but now she can register on WeChat without leaving home. After tasting the sweetness of "touching the net", now I go to the market to buy food and go to the supermarket to shop. Aunt Xin has also joined the "cashless family". "With a light sweep, I can pay on the code!"

　　Older people enjoy digital life and take more actions on the road. In Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, more than 700 universities for the elderly have set up smart phone training courses to teach the elderly to learn how to pay by scanning code and register online. Since its opening, the number of applicants has almost been full. In Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, State Grid Power introduced the chip into smart plug, and the electricity consumption can be checked in real time through the mobile APP, which is convenient for the elderly to handle abnormal situations in time; A number of network platforms have launched formats specially designed for the elderly, and large fonts make the elderly no longer have reading disabilities … …

　　At present, with smart phones as the entrance, more and more elderly people are stepping into a new life of "mobile internet". According to Tencent’s Mobile Internet Report for Elderly Users, since 2012, the number of mobile Internet users in China has increased by 79%, and the number of elderly Internet users has increased by 130%. The speed at which the elderly touch the Internet is 1.6 times that of the overall mobile Internet popularization. In the use of apps, about 50% of elderly users downloaded more than 30 apps, including not only shopping and square dancing, but also financial stocks and securities, TV shopping sales, social security medical care and old-age care.

　　Entering the overlapping period of digitalization and aging, it is more and more important and urgent for the elderly, as a group of network users that can not be ignored, to meet their growing demand for information use and public services — —

　　"With the widespread use of information tools in society, the popularization of information technology will be a necessary condition to ensure the elderly to participate in social activities." Zhu Lihua, head of the Research Center for Smart, Healthy and Aging of Qingdao University, said that research shows that for the elderly, the Internet and social media can play a role in close communication with relatives and friends, promote social integration, improve healthy habits, enhance self-care ability and subjective well-being, and help to achieve a happy old age.

　　The significance of the elderly "touching the net" does not stop there. Liang Ma, a professor at the School of Public Administration of Renmin University of China, believes that breaking the consumption barriers of the elderly in the digital world will help release the consumption potential and greatly promote the development of e-commerce and digital economy.

　　In the longer term, letting the elderly enjoy digital convenience will also promote technological innovation in the opposite direction. According to Feng Wenmeng, a researcher in the Social Development Research Department of the State Council Development Research Center, with the increasing number of elderly people, they will become an important service target for future product development, and technological innovation around the elderly group will become a new blue ocean for enterprises to participate in market competition.

　　It is convenient for the elderly to "touch the net" and break the obstacles of digital life for the elderly.

　　Increase the aging transformation of product technology to alleviate the anxiety of the elderly about new technologies.

　　In recent years, China’s Internet has continued to penetrate into the elderly population, but compared with the increasing number of elderly people, the current proportion of the elderly people surfing the Internet is still low, and many of the elderly who have "touched the Internet" cannot enjoy the digital life.

　　Where are the obstacles?

　　"The information barriers of the elderly mainly exist in three levels: access level, whether access services can be obtained; On the skill level, whether the software and hardware of information products will be used; At the content level, can you search, identify, use and manage relevant information on demand? "

　　Zhu Lihua analyzed that with the improvement of network infrastructure and the improvement of the consumption ability of the elderly, the current problems mainly appear at the skill level and content level.

　　On the one hand, the current technology and services are not friendly enough for the elderly, and it is difficult to meet the aging needs.

　　"Most of the products and services on the market are developed for the younger generation, and the needs of elderly users are not fully considered in the design concept." Wanglili, deputy director of the Institute of Aging Economy and Industry of China Aging Science Research Center, said, for example, the current mobile phone touch screen can’t provide a better touch feeling than physical buttons; In the interface interaction, it is mostly visual-oriented, lacking physical feedback, which increases the error rate and frustration of the elderly.

　　In this regard, Uncle Wang, a retired professor at Hongxing Community in Kunming, Yunnan, was deeply touched: "The words on the smart phone are too small to be seen without reading glasses, and there is only one screen. Sometimes I can’t find where the buttons are and I don’t know how to unlock them."

　　From the perspective of public services, compared with the construction of environmental accessibility, all sectors of society pay less attention to the information accessibility of the elderly. Wanglili said that in some places, when providing related services, they failed to fully adjust to aging. For example, they had to make an online reservation to book tickets in advance, refused to buy things in cash, and only provided a code-scanning travel channel, which made the elderly feel at a loss and difficult to adapt.

　　On the other hand, the elderly themselves have physiological dysfunction, and they are prone to anxiety in the face of new technologies.

　　In Guangming Community, Shushan District, Hefei City, Liu Li, who founded a smart phone training class, bluntly said that the elderly "classmates" have strong acceptance but are forgetful, and the two-hour course can usually only train one function.

　　Not only that, industry insiders analyzed that when facing smart devices such as computers and mobile phones, the elderly are always worried that they will damage their products by misoperation or be cheated by the Internet, which makes them often feel anxious when accepting new technology products.

　　This was confirmed in an interview with reporters. Although she is now a "network expert" in the community, Aunt Xin admits that at the beginning of her "touching the net", she always felt that the Internet was full of traps, fearing that mobile payment would be bound to a bank card, and the money on the card would be transferred away by others. After my son’s constant persuasion and repeated training, I was relieved to integrate into online life step by step.

　　In Zhu Lihua’s view, a good social environment for the elderly to participate in digital life has not yet been fully formed. The elderly have great individual differences, and their physical condition, psychological state, hobbies, past experiences and other factors will affect their attitude and behavior towards the Internet. All sectors of society have little understanding and concern about the difficulties encountered by the elderly in the information society at this stage.

　　"From the supply side, the information barrier-free industrial system and market effect for the elderly have not yet been fully formed, and it is difficult for related enterprises to make profits, resulting in fewer end products that can be used by key beneficiary groups and are cost-effective and easy to operate, and the effective supply in the market is obviously insufficient." The relevant person in charge of the Information and Communication Administration of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said.

　　The information barrier-free construction has achieved remarkable results, alleviating the contradiction between supply and demand of digital life for the elderly.

　　Efforts should be made to improve market supply, optimize public services, and unite various forces.

　　It is the proper meaning of building an information society in an all-round way to better ensure the convenience of the elderly to participate in online life. In recent years, letting the elderly enjoy digital life is gradually attracting the attention of all walks of life. In 2015, the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Actively Promoting the" internet plus "Action" and proposed "building a network platform for old-age information services"; In 2017, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Civil Affairs and other ministries and commissions jointly issued the Action Plan for the Development of Smart and Healthy Pension Industry (2017— 2020), detailed planning of the road map for the development of smart pension products and services … … The successive introduction of various policies has alleviated the contradiction between supply and demand of digital life for the aged to some extent.

　　"After several years of development, the information barrier-free construction for the elderly has achieved positive results." According to the relevant person in charge of the Information and Communication Administration of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, since 2013, more than 800 government units have built information accessibility service platforms, and 32,000 government websites have achieved information accessibility. In addition, relevant departments organize some social communication, online shopping, life entertainment, news and information apps to carry out barrier-free transformation, which brings a lot of convenience for the elderly to obtain information.

　　Scholars and market participants interviewed believe that the following points should be grasped to adapt to the trend of population aging and social informatization and realize the goal of "information accessibility" for the elderly:

　　— — Improve market supply, guide enterprises to fully consider the needs of the elderly, and develop more high-quality and aging-suitable digital products.

　　Zhu Lihua suggested that market players should make great efforts to collect, analyze and excavate the demand of digital products and services for the elderly, deeply study the physical and psychological changes of the elderly, develop aging digital products, and accurately optimize the quality of products and services.

　　"For example, smart phones should consider diversified needs in the general design, so that elderly users can also choose products and services that are easy to accept and use." Wanglili said.

　　"The next step will continue to play the guiding role of the government and cultivate diversified market players in the elderly intelligence industry." According to the relevant person in charge of the Information and Communication Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is currently working with relevant industry authorities to give preferential treatment to enterprises that have made outstanding contributions to information barrier-free construction in rating evaluation, credit management and social responsibility assessment, so as to further mobilize the enthusiasm of enterprises. Experts believe that the relative profit of digital products and services for the elderly is relatively low, and fiscal and taxation policies should support and encourage them.

　　— — Optimize public services, give consideration to traditional and emerging lifestyles, and set aside special service channels for the elderly.

　　"With the rapid development of information technology, the needs of different groups should be integrated, and traditional and emerging lifestyles should coexist for a period of time." Feng Wenmeng believes that before using digital means to facilitate the lives of the elderly, we must first ensure that their lives are barrier-free, and we must retain traditional channels as a transition to help them gradually move towards emerging channels. "In particular, the public service department should leave a window for offline services for the elderly, and traditional methods familiar to the elderly, such as offline customer service, manual telephone calls and paper forms, should be retained in due course."

　　In addition, the public service department can try to refine the service. For example, record the corresponding tutorial videos for different scenes, teach the elderly to learn how to handle the corresponding online business, alleviate the anxiety of the elderly who don’t know where to start, and also reduce the pressure of offline windows.

　　In recent years, it has gradually become a fashion to open special passages for the elderly. Jiangsu Wuxi Railway Station has set aside special channels for manual services for passengers who use old man-machine and can’t use WeChat. Many hospitals in Chaoyang District, Beijing have added a new channel &hellip to verify the health status of elderly patients who can’t show their health codes. … All these make the old people travel more smoothly.

　　— — Cohesion of various forces, relevant organizations, communities and families do their best to help the elderly groups keep up with the times.

　　"There are a variety of intelligent application scenarios in life, which increases the complexity of the participation of the elderly to a certain extent. It is necessary for multiple subjects involved in the lives of the elderly to do their best and take a multi-pronged approach." Zhu Lihua said.

　　At the community level, Ma Naichi suggested that various forms of training lectures and on-site classes should be actively organized to provide channels for the elderly to learn new technologies and new products. At the same time, more psychological counseling should be given to the elderly to guide them to actively change their concepts and dare to accept new things. "Relevant departments may wish to support and guide enterprises to increase relevant services by increasing the government’s purchase of services, so as to facilitate the elderly to learn network technology." Wanglili said.

　　Family efforts are also essential to help the elderly better integrate into the digital society. Zhu Lihua said that on the one hand, young people should use "technology" to feed back the elderly, so that the elderly can have more confidence in learning smart phones; On the other hand, we should also create opportunities to encourage and accompany the elderly to apply digital products and accompany them to learn the necessary digital life skills with more patience.

　　On September 25th, Nanjing launched the theme activity of "Safe, Orderly, Civilized and Courteous, and Love in Nanjing" in the taxi industry, and organized the first labor competition for taxi drivers in the city to serve the passengers during the Mid-Autumn National Day holiday and further improve the service quality of the local taxi industry.

　　In the theme activities, the traffic department of Nanjing will guide the taxi industry to organize party member drivers and excellent drivers to take the lead in running Nanjing "Jinling" special car, and guide taxi drivers to enhance their safety awareness and carry out quality service guarantee during holidays. At the same time, a "Jinling Station" will be set up at the taxi stop during the Mid-Autumn National Day holiday, and a "Nanjing Meeting Ceremony" will be sent to foreign tourists through taxi drivers.

　　The first network car driver labor competition in Nanjing was co-sponsored by Nanjing Federation of Trade Unions and Nanjing Municipal Bureau of Transportation, and specifically undertaken by Nanjing Municipal Transportation Union and Nanjing Municipal Bureau of Transportation Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Supervision. This labor competition, which will last until October 31, will recruit and select the best drivers through various online car platform apps. Taking safety and service as the first factor, the participating drivers’ working years, online time, number of orders received, safe driving, law-abiding, civilized service and safety training were assessed. Deduct points for complaints and bad credit records during the period; Extra points for being appraised and commended and having good deeds. In the end, the top 100 drivers will be awarded the honorary title of "Traffic Industry Post Demonstration".

　　The relevant person in charge of Nanjing Transportation Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Supervision Bureau said that safe driving and quality service labor competition activities are better than driving safety and racing safety mileage; Compared with the quality of civilization, the competition is the level of quality service; It’s about professional honor, and it’s about professional reputation. The competition aims to guide taxi drivers to establish the concept of "life first, safety first" and abide by the relevant passenger transport rules and regulations; Guide the network car platform to take this labor competition as an opportunity to effectively improve the professional skills and service level of network car drivers, promote the healthy development of the network car industry with high standards, strict requirements and practical measures, and establish a new image of industry civilization; By encouraging high-quality service, drivers who constantly improve their skills and treat passengers enthusiastically will have a better sense of gain, thus forming a positive incentive mechanism.

　　At the launching ceremony, Nanjing Network Car Industry Sustainable Development Federation initiated the initiative of safe driving and high-quality service in the network car industry, and advocated the city’s drivers, network car rental companies and network car rental platforms to take this competition as an opportunity to strive for excellence, effectively enhance the level of safe driving, improve the quality of operational services, help the healthy and sustainable development of the network car rental industry in Nanjing, and contribute to the traffic force for lighting up Nanjing’s urban civilization.

　　Zong Ren, director of the Nanjing Municipal Transportation Bureau, said that the transportation department of Nanjing adheres to the purpose of facilitating people’s behavior, focusing on source permission and law enforcement inspection, and constantly improving the quality of travel services. Taking 2023 as the year of improving taxi service quality, Nanjing transportation department intensified market rectification, improved the assessment mechanism, compacted the main responsibility of operators, and ensured the steady improvement of taxi service quality.

　　After the event, 100 taxis with "Jinling" logo on their bodies took to the streets. These taxis not only have the "Jinling" tourist punch map, but also set up the QR code of the transportation service satisfaction questionnaire. During the Mid-Autumn National Day holiday, tourists will have the opportunity to take these taxis, punch in the cards and fill in the questionnaire, which will give them gifts with Nanjing characteristics. (Yang Shaogong, Zhang Yuzhi)

Chen Qingwen, an associate professor at Tongji University, pointed out that parents should balance the opportunities and risks of the Internet when guiding their children to surf the Internet. Photo courtesy of respondents

A chart based on interview data of Chen Qingwen’s team. Photo courtesy of respondents

　　I believe many people have had this experience: in some public places, "Xiong Haizi" played games or watched videos with electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablets, and the volume was so loud that parents turned a blind eye. Relevant research reports show that in China, children’s use of new media tends to be younger and more entertaining.

　　On the one hand, new media devices that can be networked, such as mobile phones and tablets, have grown up with a new generation of children and once became a "part" of their bodies; On the other hand, the powerful educational function and interpersonal communication use of new media also make it a sharp weapon for learning and communication.

　　As the mother of a post-00 generation child, Chen Qingwen, an associate professor at Tongji University’s College of Art and Media, faces the same problem: How and how often do children use new media? How should parents guide their children to use new media reasonably?

　　With these questions, Chen Qingwen and his team randomly interviewed 30 families of children aged 3-10 in Shanghai to learn about children’s use of new media, parents’ attitude and involvement in children’s use of new media, and children’s views on parental involvement. On this basis, suggestions are given, and the research results are published in the core journal "Journalist" in August 2019.

　　From "TV Children" to "New Media Children"

　　As a post-1970s generation, Chen Qingwen admitted that he "grew up watching TV". When he was a graduate student at Fudan University 15 years ago, he studied the newly-emerging children’s channel in China. She said that the transition from "TV children" to "new media children" was even faster than the growth of a generation. And this change has brought a kind of trouble to parents: it is difficult to guide children to use new media reasonably with reference to their own experience.

　　Some people may ask, how can they bring up the next generation when there was no TV in the older generation?

　　"Because the new media is more interactive, participatory and creative than the traditional media, but without learning and guidance, children may just regard the new media as TV or game consoles." Chen Qingwen explained that, at the same time, new media are everywhere, and the content is all-encompassing, which is very different from traditional TV and other media. You can leave TV at home, but you can’t live without the Internet and mobile phones. In modern cities, "portable" and "always online" have become the common points for people to use new media.

　　Chen Qingwen felt that "new media children" were born from the moment parents provided their children with new media equipment.

　　Among the 30 families interviewed, one-third of the children have their own new media equipment, and the other two-thirds share it with their parents, many of whom will leave their unused new media equipment for their children to use. In terms of use, most children play games, followed by watching videos, and the third is the homework assigned by the school.

　　According to statistics, more than half of the children use it for a long time, especially on weekends, almost for more than two hours a day. In the trend, many children in the kindergarten group have used new media for a long time, and the use time tends to lengthen with age. In addition, compared with the primary school group, the kindergarten group has a higher proportion of its own new media equipment, which shows that the use of new media is younger.

　　In March this year, the Research Report on the Internet Use of Minors in China in 2018 jointly issued by the Youth Rights Protection Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League and China Internet Information Center showed that as of July 31, 2018, the number of underage netizens in China reached 169 million, and the Internet penetration rate of minors reached 93.7%, which was significantly higher than that of the national population (57.7%) in the same period. According to the report, this is a direct manifestation of the expansion of Internet coverage and the decline of mobile traffic charges in China in recent years, and it is also closely related to minors’ strong interest in the Internet, strong learning ability and great application demand.

　　Don’t let machines take the place of parents’ company

　　In the interview, the research team found that children’s use of new media is mostly due to lack of companionship, especially preschool children. Because parents are busy and have no friends to play with, children have to turn to mobile phones and tablets; With the increase of age, more and more children choose new media.

　　Some parents even choose to use new media instead of themselves to accompany their children. In public places such as restaurants, children are often seen watching videos while eating, perhaps just to let their parents "have a good meal". "She is good with this and doesn’t make any noise, as long as she doesn’t make any noise." A mother said.

　　The interview also found that with the increase of age, more and more children are more willing to choose new media than playing with friends; And the older children are, the less satisfied they seem to be with their new media use time. Most of the respondents in the primary school group felt that their use time was insufficient, and one girl felt that two hours a day was not enough.

　　"When parents use new media instead of accompanying their children, the actual price paid is likely to be huge." Chen Qingwen pointed out in the research report, "As they get older, they are more likely to rely on new media. At this time, even if their parents want to accompany them, they may continue to immerse themselves in communication with machines. When machines replace humans to accompany children, even if people come back, the relationship between children and machines is unbreakable. "

　　Chen Qingwen combined expert opinions and personal experience to give some suggestions to parents. "If you want to control underage children’s use of new media, try not to let them own their own equipment, just lend it to him, that is to say, give children the right to use it, while parents retain the right to control it. As for the balance between control and privacy, you need wisdom."

　　她还表示，虽然目前的学术研究对何时开始管控孩子使用新媒体没有定论，但她觉得，下定决心要管控孩子的父母要尽早采取行动。“很早就让他知道家长要管，会比突然要管好得多”。

　　为什么别人家孩子可以玩电脑，而我不行？

　　在这场“设备争夺战”中，“孩子哭家长吼”是常见的场景。研究团队发现，多数孩子的招数是哭闹和“赖”，能玩多久就玩多久，直到家长把设备收走。

　　有意思的是，在“家长对孩子使用新媒体是否担忧”这个问题上，家长的态度呈现两极化：有17位表示担忧，13位表示不担忧，要么非常支持，要么非常反对。

　　访谈中，有的家长认为“这是趋势”“这个东西早晚要接受”，因而完全不担忧。一位妈妈表示：“谁家都有，反正就是不能落后嘛；她不懂的话就感觉是跟在人家后面，跟不上一样。”

　　而持相反意见的家长态度也很明确，他们的担忧主要体现在三点：一是怕孩子沉迷；二是担心对视力的危害；三是担心暴力等不当内容造成负面影响。

　　陈青文认为，这样“两个极端”的态度使得家长管教孩子的工作陷入困境。“为什么他可以我不行，这是小孩的常问句。例如孩子会说，同学回家都可以用电脑为什么我不行？”

　　Another reason is the change of family education style in China. “‘ Authoritative education ’ It is not easy to work. In the past, parents could answer no, but now they are likely to get a crying and keep asking. After all, children’s energy is much better than ours. "

　　The research team also found that, as in the TV era, the way parents intervene in their children’s use of new media is mainly "restriction", and the time limit is more than the content limit.

　　Most parents in the interview only know that their children are playing games or watching videos, but they don’t know what games or videos their children are playing. Some academic studies believe that restrictive guidance strategies can not only effectively help solve the problems that children may encounter on the Internet, but also easily lead to the decline of the quality of parent-child relationship or frequent conflicts.

　　For children who are out of control, whether they cry, lose their temper or cheat, the parents interviewed said: "Let her cry", "Ignore her" or "yell at him", and some parents will be patient and reasonable, but children will still enter the cycle of yelling if they don’t listen.

　　The mother of a 9-year-old boy said that she usually talks reason first and scolds him if she doesn’t listen. If she scolds him, she will have to yell at him at him at a higher volume. If she doesn’t, she will have to be punished, such as not using new media for a few days or increasing the number of homework. Most parents can insist on not using their children’s noise, but the children’s crying or losing their temper will continue.

　　Academic research proves that parents’ positive intervention is more effective.

　　"We just did a small-scale interview in Shanghai." Chen Qingwen said, "If you want to give scientific advice, you need to do extensive and long-term investigation and research in different cities and rural areas across the country."

　　But before that, some countries encountered these problems earlier than China, and their academic research may provide reference.

　　Chen Qingwen introduced that since the 1980s, the research on parents’ involvement in children’s media use has been popular in the United States. After 1990, the American government emphasized the role of parents in family policy, and related research received more attention. The research points out that the two main intervention methods adopted by parents are "making rules" and "restricting"; The actual behavior of parents can be divided into positive intervention methods such as parent-child discussion and negative intervention methods such as prohibiting or restricting use, and parents adopt the mode of sharing viewing between parents and children.

　　In another paper on the use of new media by minors by British scholars in 2007, the author divided the intervention strategies of parents for their children to use new media into four categories. In addition to joint use and restricted use, parents will also adopt "technology restrictions", that is, use technology software or set restrictions on their children to prevent them from using unauthorized digital media content; And monitor children’s use of websites, letters and games in different ways. Their conclusion is that when parents take active measures to intervene their children’s use of new media, such as sharing or discussion, the negative influence of their children’s use of new media can be effectively reduced.

　　Domestic research on the media also believes that parents’ intervention can bring positive results.

　　For example, in the psychological aspect, the correct intervention of parents and families can reduce teenagers’ psychological anxiety, help build self-confidence and self-esteem and affect teenagers’ mental health; In terms of learning and risk reduction, parents’ active intervention in media use can improve teenagers’ learning effect, reduce the possible negative impact of violent content in the media, affect the formation of children’s gender role attitude, reduce children’s fear response to media content, and reduce some network risks that children may encounter.

　　At the same time, parents’ ideas and the motivation and methods of intervention are extremely important.

　　Foreign studies have found that the more parents want the Internet to have a positive effect on their children and think that the Internet will have a negative impact on their children, the more they will get involved in their children’s use of new media. Domestic research also points out that the more time spent online is strictly restricted by parents, the more recreational motivation teenagers tend to use the Internet.

　　"The key point may not be whether children should use new media or how to use new media at all, but where the parents are and where the children’s minds are. Studies in different fields have pointed out that modern society is busier than before, and how parents create a happy parent-child environment will become an increasingly important issue. Quality companionship between parents and children is one of the necessary conditions for shaping parents. " Chen Qingwen’s interview report wrote.

　　Communicate with your child with your heart

　　What do children think of their parents’ control? The interview results show that on the whole, half of the children think that their parents are reasonable; At the same time, with the growth of children’s age, the proportion of recognition of parents’ intervention control has increased. And "making rules together" and "keeping your word" have become the common standards for children to measure the rationality of parental discipline.

　　Taking nine children in the kindergarten group in the interview report as an example, Min Min, a 4-year-old (all minors below are pseudonyms), feels that his parents are much more in charge; Tingting, 5, feels that her parents don’t care much because they are reasonable. Zhu Zhu, a 5-year-old, said that she was afraid of her father because he was very fierce when he was angry and would say, "I’m telling you! I’m telling you! No matter how, I will kick you downstairs "; Kiki, Doll and Lingling, both 6 years old, are afraid of their mother and think her mother is too fierce.

　　Among the 21 children in the primary school group, 13 children feel that parental control is reasonable, 5 children feel unreasonable, and 3 children are uncertain. Xiao Han, a third-grade student, told the interviewer that she felt that the parental control was sometimes reasonable and sometimes unreasonable. The unreasonable reason was that the mobile phone was forcibly taken away before the agreed time. "My mother said several times that she would play for me for 10 minutes. I didn’t expect that when it was almost two minutes, she said that it was 10 minutes. I didn’t want to, so my mother dragged me away. She said that it was evening and I couldn’t play any more."

　　The interview report suggests that from the perspective of social environment, there are two urgent things: first, timely education courses related to new media literacy should be provided at different stages of children’s growth; The second is to improve parents’ ability to master new media and new technologies.

　　"Not all parents have time and energy to participate or study independently. I think we can start with school education and issue some principles and suggestions for children to take back to their parents." Chen Qingwen explained.

　　In addition to improving their understanding of new media and technologies, parents should also attach importance to communication between parents and children and accompany their children to use new media by guiding participation. Especially in the method of making rules, parents need to talk to their children often. "In fact, kindergarten children have a very clear concept, this is good, how long should it take. If the rules are made by the children themselves, or if the parents discuss with him, the children will be more willing to abide by them. "

　　When attending international academic conferences, Chen Qingwen often discusses these issues with foreign scholars: when to give children new media equipment, how long the screen time should be in a day, and when to let children have their own social media accounts. "Although some organizations will give suggestions, for example, the screen time is no more than one hour or two hours a day, and general social software suggests that people are over 14 years old, but parents have different ideas, different social situations, different family situations, and different children, so you can refer to some research-based suggestions, but in the end you have to find a way that suits you. I don’t think there is an absolute standard."

　　"According to the needs" is Chen Qingwen’s main basis. Her son rarely contacted new media when he was in kindergarten, but when he saw that other children had their own mobile phones, he said that he also wanted to have their own mobile phones. But this wish has not been realized until now that his son is going to middle school, because his son has no need to carry a mobile phone. When she entered middle school, her son needed a computer for some of his homework. The school asked for a laptop for her child, so she bought the laptop she wanted, but only if it was used for study and could not be loaded with games. "At present, the school has just started, and there are still any problems in the future. I am also walking and watching."

　　"In our research, we found that intentional is better than unintentional. As long as you are intentional, children can feel it. My suggestions are: teach students in accordance with their aptitude, learn from each other, and communicate with your heart. From the perspective of communication, intentional communication can enhance feelings and reduce misunderstandings, which is actually the most effective method. " Chen Qingwen said. (China Youth Daily China Youth Network Trainee reporter Wei Qimeng)

Original wish you health magazine

I just saw a news these two days: a 33-year-old brother drank 8 bottles of coke every day, but he lost 70 pounds in three months.

He flattered himself that he had found the secret of losing weight, but he was quickly "awakened" by the cold reality: it turned out that he was suffering from diabetes.

It can be seen that he really wants to lose weight, although the method is all wet.

It is indeed the common wish of many people to lose weight healthily, but the reality is not so beautiful.

Also in these two days, the "China obesity map" was released.

This is the largest study on the prevalence of overweight and obesity and related complications in China so far. A total of 15.8 million eligible adults from 243 cities across the country participated.

"Fat Three Provinces" released:

Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Hebei

According to the BMI classification standard of overweight and obesity in China, 34.8% of the 15.8 million adult subjects are overweight and 14.1% are obese.

By region, the top three provinces are Inner Mongolia (37.1%), Shandong (37.1%) and Hebei (36.6%).

Image source: Yimaitong

The result is not very optimistic, to sum up:

Northerners are fatter than southerners.

The top ten provinces are Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Ningxia, Shanxi, Liaoning, Tianjin, Xinjiang and Beijing, almost all of which are northern provinces.

Men are fatter than women.

The proportion of overweight in men is 41.1%, while that in women is 27.7%. The proportion of obesity among men is 18.2%, while that of women is 9.4%.

As long as you get fat, almost all of them have complications.

Nearly 90% of obese patients have complications, the most common ones are fatty liver (34.9%), pre-diabetes (27.6%), dyslipidemia (24.9%) and hypertension (17.6%).

Suggest learning more.

"Jiangnan diet"

When it comes to "fat", it will definitely involve "eating".

In particular, "being thin in the south and fat in the north" is closely related to "eating".

After all, just looking at the comparison of the food exposed by these netizens, I have to admit:

In terms of weight, northern cuisine has never been lost;

In terms of weight, North Renye Fang is "fat".

Northern one-cage steamed buns VS Southern one-cage steamed buns

Northern barbecue corn VS southern barbecue corn

In the Scientific Research Report on Dietary Guidelines for China Residents (2021) issued by China Nutrition Society, the "Oriental Healthy Diet Model" was first put forward, and it was specifically mentioned that "Jiangnan Diet" should be the representative.

Main characteristics of Jiangnan diet

·1

Light and little salt.

·2

Food is diverse, mainly grain.

·3

Vegetables and fruits are abundant.

·4

Fish and shrimp are rich in aquatic products.

·5

Milk and beans are abundant.

Experts mentioned that meals in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions are generally lightly seasoned, paying more attention to the "original taste" of ingredients, and the amount of cooking salt is lower than that in the northern region.

There are also many classic gourmet dishes cooked at low temperature with little oil in the above areas, such as "boiled shrimp", "steamed fish" and "boiled chicken", which can make full use of the advantages of fresh ingredients and get full delicious enjoyment on the basis of less oil and less salt.

I suggest you adjust your dining table with reference to the characteristics of "Jiangnan diet", especially those who are used to "northern taste", and need to move early ~

1. Adults should consume 200-300g of cereals every day, including 50-150g of whole grains and miscellaneous beans and 50-100g of potatoes.

50-100 grams of potatoes, the energy is only equivalent to 15-35 grams of rice, which can help us reduce the calorie intake while eating.

2. Adults should consume at least 300g of vegetables every day, giving priority to fresh green leafy vegetables, accounting for at least 1/2 of the total vegetable intake.

3. Adults consume 200-350g of fruit every day. To eat fresh fruit, it is not recommended to drink juice.

4. It is recommended to take 120-200g of animal food such as fish, poultry, meat and eggs every day.

5. Eat 300-500 grams of fish and shrimp aquatic products every week, not limited to sea water products or fresh water aquatic products, and you can buy them according to your eating habits.

6. Eat 300-500 grams of milk or dairy products every day.

Note that 100g fresh milk = 100g yogurt = 12.5g milk powder = 10g cheese.

7. The total amount of soybeans and nuts eaten every day is about 35 grams.

8. Adults should consume 25-30 grams of cooking oil and no more than 5 grams of salt per day.

9. Adult women with low physical activity level are recommended to drink at least 1500 ml of water every day, and adult men should drink at least 1700 ml.

With reference to such a "Jiangnan diet" scheme, we don’t have to change our "China’s stomach" and just try the "Mediterranean diet" and "Deshu diet" ourselves, which can easily control our weight and prevent overweight and obesity, and a series of complications caused by it.

-Produced by the editorial department of "I wish you health" of Jiangsu Phoenix Science and Technology Publishing House-

Content planning/typesetting: Zhu Jingjing

Original title: "Listen to Health | 2023 China obesity map released! The "three fat provinces" are all in the north, so we still have to eat like southerners.

Read the original text

　　Public security organs throughout the country have conscientiously studied and implemented the Supreme Leader’s thoughts on the rule of law and ecological civilization, comprehensively implemented the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, adhered to the overall concept of national security and the concept of Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and continued to carry out the "Kunlun" series of special actions, severely cracked down on crimes involving ecological environment and resources such as illegal fishing, illegal mining, environmental pollution, illegal logging and deforestation, and destruction of wildlife resources, and solved a large number of serious cases, effectively safeguarding national ecological security. Ecological security is an important part of national security. On the occasion of the National Security Education Day, the Ministry of Public Security announced 10 typical cases of crimes against the ecological environment.

　　1, Jilin Yanbian public security organs to detect Gao Moujuan and others illegal mining case.

　　In March 2022, according to the clues reported by the masses, the Public Security Bureau of Dunhua City, Yanbian Prefecture detected a case of stealing and digging black soil, arrested 11 suspects, detained 30,000 cubic meters of black soil, and smashed one den of illegal exploitation of black soil. After investigation, from December 2021 to February 2022, the criminal suspect Gao Moujuan and others illegally exploited peat soil (black soil) for the purpose of illegal profit, and sold it to 8 provinces and cities in China, involving 73,000 cubic meters of black soil, involving more than 5 million yuan.

　　This case is a typical case in which the public security organ severely cracked down on the crime of destroying black soil resources. Black land is known as the "giant panda" in cultivated land. In recent years, the market price of black soil has continued to rise. Under the shock of the strong attack by public security organs, some lawless elements are still driven by interests to take risks and illegally dig a large number of black soil, resulting in the destruction of cultivated land. In this case, in order to hide people’s eyes and ears, the criminal suspect stole black soil resources in his contracted forest land and sold them to many places in the country to obtain illegal benefits. The public security organs strengthened the investigation and tracking of cases, and finally arrested 11 suspects, including Gao Moujuan, and took compulsory measures according to law. For cases involving black soil, the public security organs will always adhere to "zero tolerance" and constantly intensify the crackdown to ensure ecological security and food security.

　　2. Liaoning Liaoyang Public Security Bureau cracked a series of illegal mining cases involving He Mojie and others.

　　In August 2022, according to the clues reported by the masses, Liaoyang Public Security Bureau cracked a series of illegal iron ore mining cases, arrested 13 suspects, destroyed 2 illegal mining gangs, 2 illegal sales gangs and 2 illegal processing plants, seized more than 3,000 tons of iron ore and 1,000 tons of iron powder, and seized 6 crime tools such as forklifts and hook machines. After investigation, since May 2021, the criminal suspect He Mojie and others have colluded with a number of ex-criminals to illegally mine iron ore in many mountain tailings veins in Liaoyang City and process it into iron powder for external sales. More than 100,000 tons of iron ore were stolen, involving more than 23 million yuan.

　　This case is a typical case in which the public security organs severely crack down on the crime of stealing iron ore. The criminal suspect He Mojie gathered a number of ex-criminals to carry out "ant moving" illegal mining activities in many places in Liaoyang City during holidays and epidemic control periods. At the same time, he coerced informants and villagers and became a local "mine tyrant", resulting in the loss of a large number of state-owned mineral resources and the destruction of many ecological environments, which had a very bad impact. The public security organ cracked the case in one fell swoop and handed over the clues of the suspected dereliction of duty and inaction of the relevant state staff to the supervisory organ for investigation. The detection of this case has effectively deterred crimes in the field of natural resources, strengthened the cooperation between public security, supervision and law enforcement of natural resources departments, and maintained the order of national mineral resources exploitation and utilization and the safety of ecological environment.

　　3. The public security organs in Zibo, Shandong Province detected the illegal mining case of Yuan Moucheng and others.

　　In March 2022, according to the clues found in the work, Zibo Public Security Bureau cracked a case of illegal sand and gravel mining, destroyed 3 criminal gangs and arrested 56 suspects. After investigation, since October 2020, the criminal suspect Yuan Moucheng and others have colluded with the staff of local government agencies to hire workers to steal weathered sand and sell it to downstream companies to make machine-made sand for construction, and then sell it to Jinan, Zibo and other places. The gang has illegally excavated weathered sand for more than 100 times, totaling more than 300,000 cubic meters, involving more than 40 illegal mining sites, involving more than 30 million yuan, causing serious damage to the local ecological environment.

　　This case is a typical case of public security organs cracking down on the crime of illegal exploitation of sand and gravel according to law. In this case, most of the suspects are ex-criminals, with strong anti-investigation awareness, clear division of labor among gangs, and frequent change of crime locations. Most of them choose to commit crimes at night, arrange excavators and transport vehicles in advance, and then transport and sell the sand and gravel illegally, forming a criminal chain of "stealing, transporting and selling". In the process of handling cases, the public security organs dig deep into the corruption behind them, cooperate with the discipline inspection and supervision departments, and check the "relationship network", "umbrella" and "interest chain" to the end. For such crimes, the public security organs always adhere to "zero tolerance", thoroughly investigate and eliminate evil deeds, and spare no effort to protect the ecological environment and the safety of national mineral resources.

　　4. Guangxi Jingxi Public Security Bureau cracked the illegal mining case of Lin Momao and others.

　　In January 2022, according to the clues reported by the masses, the Public Security Bureau of Jingxi City detected a case of illegal bauxite mining, arrested 222 suspects, frozen and seized more than 4 million yuan involved, seized 9 properties and seized 64 vehicles. After investigation, a number of criminal gangs headed by Lin Momao and others organized personnel to illegally mine and buy more than 55,000 tons of bauxite ore illegally mined by others in Jingxi City without obtaining a mining license, involving a total amount of 140 million yuan.

　　This case is a typical case of public security organs cracking down on illegal aluminum mining crimes. In this case, a number of criminal gangs, led by the criminal suspect Lin Momao and others, illegally mined, transported and sold bauxite, causing huge losses to the country’s mineral resources and serious damage to the local environment. The public security organs will continue to work with relevant departments to crack down on illegal mining and other crimes that damage environmental resources.

　　5. Shaanxi Baoji Public Security Bureau cracked the illegal mining case of Cao and others.

　　In July 2022, according to the clues reported by the masses, the Public Security Bureau of Qishan County, Baoji City detected a case of illegal sand mining, arrested 21 criminal suspects, destroyed 4 criminal gangs, sealed up 3 sand yards and seized 5 crime machines. After investigation, from November, 2021 to May, 2022, four criminal gangs, led by the criminal suspect Cao and others, organized others to illegally mine sand and gravel in eight locations of Shitouhe River and surrounding agricultural land (beaches) in Anle Town, Qishan County, Baoji City, and sold them to sand yards in surrounding counties, involving more than 17 million yuan.

　　This case is a typical case in which public security organs severely crack down on large-scale ganged illegal sand mining crimes. Driven by huge profits, illegal sand mining has been repeatedly banned, and a large number of people, clear division of labor and strong destructiveness are typical characteristics of such cases. In this case, in order to make huge profits, criminals sometimes independently and sometimes cooperate with each other, and wantonly steal sand stones around the river, causing great losses to the interests of the country’s mineral resources and seriously endangering the safety of river water conservancy and flood control facilities. After careful investigation, the public security organs dug up four criminal gangs and concentrated on collecting nets, achieving a precise blow to the whole chain of "mining, transportation and sales".

　　6. The public security organ in Luoyang, Henan Province detected the case of illegal fishing of aquatic products by Zhai Moulai and others.

　　In July 2022, according to the clues found in the work, Luoyang Public Security Bureau cracked a case of illegal fishing of aquatic products in the Yellow River basin, smashed a den for illegal fishing of aquatic products, and arrested 24 suspects. After investigation, during the fishing ban in the Yellow River Basin from April to July, 2022, the criminal suspect Zhai Mou came to rely on the cold storage he operated to buy a large number of whitebait, river shrimp and other aquatic products illegally caught by others in the Xiaolangdi reservoir area of the Yellow River using prohibited fishing tools such as push nets and ground cages. The total weight was more than 70 tons, and they were sold after frozen processing, with a case value of more than 5 million yuan.

　　This case is a typical case in which the public security organs severely crack down on the crime of illegal fishing of aquatic products and serve the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. In this case, in order to seek profits, the acquirer linked with the fishermen, taught them fishing methods, and instigated the masses to use prohibited tools to illegally catch whitebait, river shrimp and other aquatic products during the fishing ban period in the Yellow River Basin, which had a bad social impact. Overfishing aquatic products will worsen the ecological environment in Xiaolangdi reservoir area of the Yellow River, destroy the ecosystem balance of the Yellow River basin, and run counter to the strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin. The public security organs will continue to severely crack down on such crimes and escort the implementation of the major national strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.

　　7. The public security organ in Zhaotong, Yunnan Province detected the case of illegal fishing of aquatic products by Zhou Moyin and others.

　　In April 2022, according to the clues found in the work, Yanjin County Public Security Bureau of Zhaotong City cracked a series of cases of illegal fishing of aquatic products, arrested 12 criminal suspects, collected and released 135 kilograms of wild fish, collected 13 sets of fishing tools, electric fishing machines, 192 ground cage nets, 56 glued nets, 78 fishing rafts and 4 kayaks. After investigation, since July, 2020, the criminal suspect Zhou Mouyin and many others have illegally fished wild fish in Baishuijiang River Basin, Luowang Township, yiliang county City, Zhaotong City, using forbidden tools such as electric fishing machines and ground cages, and illegally purchased illegal wild catches of Zhu Mouxun and others for many times, and sold the illegally acquired and caught catches to other places at high prices, involving more than 250,000 yuan.

　　This case is a typical case of public security organs cracking down on illegal fishing crimes in the whole chain. Ignoring the national laws and the relevant provisions of the closed fishing season, criminals have repeatedly used electric fishing machines, ground cages and other prohibited tools at night to illegally catch wild fish in conservation zone, a national aquatic germplasm of endemic fish in Baishui River, and sold the illegally caught fish at high prices inside and outside the province, forming an underground black industrial chain of "fishing, purchasing, transporting and selling", which seriously endangered the fishery resources and biodiversity in Baishui River basin. In this case, the public security organs took the initiative to find clues, strengthened case investigation, and finally realized the whole chain attack on the crime of illegal fishing of aquatic products, which effectively safeguarded the safety of ecological environment resources in waters.

　　8. The public security organ in Ji ‘an, Jiangxi Province cracked the case of illegal logging by Li Mouzhi and others.

　　In April 2022, according to the clues handed over by the administrative organs, the wanan county Public Security Bureau of Ji ‘an City cracked a case of illegal logging, arrested two suspects and seized 276.9 cubic meters of wood involved on the spot. After investigation, from October 2021 to March 2022, the criminal suspect Li Mouzhi, alone or together with the criminal suspect Ou Mouqing, used a chainsaw to illegally cut pine trees on the mountain and sold them to the outside world. He committed 297 crimes and illegally cut 425 cubic meters of pine trees, making an illegal profit of more than 130,000 yuan.

　　This case is a typical case in which public security organs severely crack down on crimes of destroying forest resources. In this case, the criminal suspects illegally cut down trees in a small number of times, which seriously violated the legitimate rights and interests of forest owners and seriously damaged forest resources and national ecological security. The public security organs strengthened their cooperation with the administrative departments, dug up a serious case of illegal logging from a seemingly simple clue of illegal logging, and found out the fact of illegal logging for nearly 300 times, which spanned a year, demonstrating the firm determination and strong fighting capacity of the public security organs to crack down on illegal crimes that damaged the ecological environment.

　　9. The public security organ in Huanggang, Hubei Province cracked a series of illegal hunting cases involving Xia Moucai and others.

　　In March 2022, according to the clues reported by the masses, Huangmei County Public Security Bureau of Huanggang City cracked a series of illegal hunting cases, arrested 6 suspects, seized 240 wild turtledoves on the spot, and collected 10 hunting tools such as sticking nets. After investigation, from October 2021 to March 2022, the criminal suspect Xia Mocai and others used sticky nets to hunt illegally in many places in Huangmei County, Huanggang City. At the same time, they illegally bought wild birds hunted by others in Hubei, Anhui and other places, and hired people to transport the prey to Guangdong, Fujian and other places for sale, involving more than 10,000 wild animals.

　　This case is a typical case in which the public security organ severely cracked down on the gang crimes involving "catching, transporting and selling" wild animals. Illegal hunting, acquisition, transportation and trading of wild animals have seriously damaged biodiversity and endangered national ecological security. In this case, the criminal suspect used prohibited tools and methods to illegally hunt wild birds, and also illegally bought wild birds hunted by others and sold them for illegal benefits. For such crimes, the public security organs will continue to work with relevant departments to intensify the online and offline crackdown, resolutely cut off the illegal interest chain, and earnestly safeguard biodiversity and national ecological security.

　　10. Sichuan Guang ‘an Public Security Bureau cracked a case of environmental pollution in a pig farm.

　　In May 2022, according to the clues notified by the ecological environment department, Guang ‘an Public Security Bureau detected an environmental pollution case and arrested three suspects. After investigation, in March, 2022, Zhang Moulun, a legal person of a pig farm in Linshui County, Guang ‘an City, arranged for employees to directly extract and dump the pig manure water in the emergency pool into the forest beside the pig farm with a submersible pump, causing all the manure water to seep into the ground and then flow into the nearby reservoir, causing serious pollution of the reservoir water body, and the production and domestic water supply in nearby villages and towns was stopped for nearly half a month.

　　This case is a typical case in which the public security organs severely crack down on environmental pollution crimes according to law. In recent years, in order to reduce the cost of manure treatment, some livestock and poultry breeding enterprises treat it illegally, which seriously damages the ecological environment. The criminal suspect’s illegal sewage discharge directly led to the suspension of production and domestic water supply in surrounding villages and towns, which seriously affected the normal production order and people’s health. After receiving the clue, the public security organ acted quickly and immediately organized the police to conduct on-site investigation and visit investigation. The public security organs strengthened the convergence of execution, actively coordinated the relevant administrative departments, promoted the simultaneous investigation of cases and emergency response, promptly stopped production and rectified the pig farms involved, effectively eliminated pollution sources, and formed a strong joint force to crack down on environmental crimes and safeguard national ecological security.