Education Report from Luxi, a National Poverty-stricken County： County Exploration of Rural Education Revitalization
Students from Siyuan Experimental School in Luxi County are dancing bamboo pole. Yuan Qingguo
Rural scene in Luxi county. Yuan Qingguo
Luxi County is located in the west of Hunan Province, at the southeast end of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, and it swims in the Yuan River. It is a key county for regional development and poverty alleviation in Wuling Mountain area, a county in the resettlement reservoir area of Wuqiangxi Hydropower Station, a national poverty-stricken county and an old revolutionary county. There are 147 villages (communities) in 11 townships in the county, with a total area of 1,565 square kilometers and a total population of about 320,000, of which the proportion of ethnic minorities is 62%.
Luxi, located in the depths of the mountains in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province, is a ethnic county with 62.3% ethnic minorities, an immigrant reservoir county that has not been connected by train so far, and a national poverty-stricken county with a recurrent financial income of less than 500 million yuan in 2018. It is such a county, but it has run an education that is recognized by the people and that teachers and students are unwilling to leave.
— — There are about 38,000 primary and middle school students in the county every year, and the number of students who choose schools to go to other places is almost zero. On the contrary, there are 2,075 students from other counties currently studying in the county.
— — In recent years, almost no teacher has been "poached". In 2019, the county transferred 4 teachers and transferred 24 teachers. Moreover, since 2010, more than 300 teachers in the county have voluntarily applied to teach in rural schools.
— — Almost no one dropped out of school. In 2019, the consolidation rate of students in the county was 100% in primary school, 99.5% in junior high school and 99.62% in senior high school. The junior high school academic level test ranked among the best in the state. Since 2016, a total of 2,928 students in the county have been admitted to undergraduate colleges, among which 14 students have been admitted to Tsinghua Peking University, ranking first in Xiangxi for 14 consecutive years in terms of undergraduate online rate and undergraduate online ratio of 10,000 people.
In 2018, Luxi passed the balanced development assessment of compulsory education with excellent grades. Du Jiahao, secretary of Hunan Provincial Party Committee, instructed: "Luxi has a good experience and should be promoted."
What is the Luxi experience? Why is it flying against the trend? With what? How did you do that? What is the reason for it China Education News reporters went to Luxi for more than a dozen times to witness the changes and seek answers.
Why can’t teachers "dig away"? Because "I am the best in the world"
Yang Shunqi, the principal of Luxi No.2 Middle School, who has worked in Luxi for 28 years, said that since 2016, there has been a grand "red carpet" ceremony for teachers’ day in the county: traffic control on the main roads of the county, police cars to maintain order, drum teams to play, and all the commended people dressed in red and received cheers and attention from everyone. Yang Shunqi walked this "red carpet" twice. "It’s not money, it’s honor." He said that at that moment, the feeling of "I am the best in the world" came to mind.
It is said that the most difficult thing in rural education is the construction of teachers. The most painful thing for the director of the Education Bureau is that excellent teachers "can’t get in, can’t stay, and can’t do well". Luxi has never had such troubles?
Of course, but Luxi people have solved them one by one with their own unique efforts.
1. Pay more attention to building houses and create "bullish" working conditions for rural teachers.
"I am the best in the world" is a psychological feeling. In fact, the foundation of Luxi teachers is not good.
Look at a set of data first:
There are 2,937 in-service teachers in the county. From the perspective of academic qualifications, there are 24 graduate students, 1,687 undergraduates and 1,067 specialists.
From the perspective of professional titles, there are 3 people in Zhenggao, 3 people in Super Grade, 531 people in Sub-grade, and 2,298 people in primary and secondary schools, accounting for the vast majority;
From the category point of view, the proportion of teachers who graduated from normal majors is not high, accounting for only 67%. Others graduated from non-normal majors, including 183 special post teachers.
This is a team with low overall academic qualifications, and few of them have graduated from key universities. 90% of teachers have graduated from local colleges, and Hunan Normal University can have a graduate, which is the "palm treasure" of the county.
Like other remote poverty-stricken counties in China, Luxi is difficult to recruit outstanding graduates as teachers. In 2016, the county formulated a talent introduction policy. Graduates from six normal universities directly under the Ministry of Education and "985" and "211" schools all gave a certain amount of resettlement fees, but it took more than three years to introduce 28 people. "After all, the traffic is too inconvenient and the economy is underdeveloped." Tan Zi, director of the county education and sports bureau, is very frank.
But as long as people arrive in Luxi, they rarely leave.
Why? House, tickets, seats? Is it the same old cliche? Yes, it’s not.
Say "yes" first.
Anyone who knows a little about Luxi education knows that as early as 2009, Luxi took the lead in implementing subsidies for rural teachers in China. At that time, rural primary teachers were able to get extra 300 yuan every month. Since 2012, this figure has greatly increased. Primary school teachers in villages can get up to 1,400 yuan more per person per month, and primary school and junior high school teachers in villages and towns can get more 500 yuan. The county finance arranges subsidy funds of 18.46 million yuan every year.
"The plate is not big, of course it’s easy." Some people might say that. Luxi plate is not big, with a total population of only 317,000, but we must know that in 2012, the fiscal revenue of Luxi County was only 310 million yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers was only 4,089 yuan.
"It was also forced out." In November 2013, the county magistrate Xiang Henglin said when he was named to attend the press conference of the Ministry of Education.
There are 175 schools in Luxi and 167 in rural areas, including 88 teaching points. There are 1989 rural teachers among the 2937 teaching staff in Luxi County. Like many rural counties in China, before 2009, the Education Bureau of Luxi County received more than 400 reports on entering the city every year, accounting for one-fifth of rural teachers. A large number of teachers flocked to the city, and rural schools gradually became "empty shell" schools.
Luxi people are determined to change. In 2009, under the auspices of Du Xiaoyong, then deputy secretary of the county party committee and county magistrate, the county government issued a formal document to take the lead in implementing the post allowance system for rural teachers in China.
It seems that there is an invisible baton. After that, not only teachers are willing to stay in the countryside, but there is even a phenomenon of "urban and rural backflow" in teacher allocation. Since 2010, more than 300 teachers have applied to teach in rural schools.
In 2014, there was a vacancy in Mawangxi Primary School, and six teachers from the central school competed for registration. Zhou Yuanying, 40, competed for this position with excellent teaching quality. "Excluding five insurances and one gold, you can get more than 70,000 yuan a year." Zhou Yuanying gave the reporter a rough calculation. She said that she and her husband Liu Keqi are both in Mawangxi Primary School, and their combined annual income is 150,000 yuan.
If the subsidy for teachers’ subsidies has made the revitalization of rural education in Luxi the first step, then the construction of teachers’ public housing is the second step.
Anyone who has taught in rural Hunan knows that rural schools don’t go home from work every day. They basically arrive at school on Sunday afternoon and leave on Friday afternoon, during which they basically live in school. Thousands of teachers, where are there so many houses in the school? So those who live in classrooms, laboratories, idle houses and even dangerous houses, "the eight immortals cross the sea and show their magical powers." In 2006, Xiangxi started the construction of teachers’ public housing, and the school set aside land and the teachers paid part of the funds. In three years, Luxi built 426 sets of teachers’ public housing, but there were still many teachers without housing.
It can be solved completely, one or two thousand sets, even at the lowest price and the smallest area, the investment is hundreds of millions. where is the money to come from? Luxi creatively integrated funds from all parties and even built low-rent housing into schools. Finally, since 2011, 1,643 sets of low-rent housing and 216 sets of public housing have appeared in dozens of schools, and there is a set of rural teachers without housing in the county. The reporter saw in Xinglongchang Town Central Primary School that Shu Hongbo, a 24-year-old young teacher, lives in a 50-square-meter low-rent house with two rooms, one living room, one kitchen and one bathroom. Although it is not very big, it is packed with Li Lisoso. "This set in the city is hundreds of thousands. I just graduated four years ago and lived in such a good house. Although it is a bit biased and far from home, I am really practical." Shu Hongbo said.
2. Keep people more careful and create a "bullish" atmosphere for rural teachers.
Let’s talk about the "no" part.
In Luxi, it is easy for teachers to "dig away". Here is a set of intuitive and factual data: among the 2937 teachers in the county, more than 300 are from other counties and cities, but no one has returned in the past five years. In 2019, 4 people were transferred out and 24 people were transferred in.
Mo Shunqing, a school in Jishou, the capital of Xiangxi Prefecture, came to dig him, earning more than 200,000 yuan a year, and gave him a house instead of going.
Tian Yunkun, a native of Phoenix, or a school in Jishou wants to transfer him, and the offer is an annual salary of 167,000, not going;
Li Jianjun, the couple are both foreigners, and some schools offer high salaries to both of them, or not to go … …
Teachers have dignity and status, which has really formed a culture in Luxi. "What teachers care about is not money, but this respect, which makes them stand up straight." Tan Zi is easy to say.
How to respect? This respect should include two aspects: one is official, and if you do well, you will be rewarded with a future and a seat; Second, it is folk. The children have made great achievements and taught the common people word of mouth. Teachers can bring their own "bull spirit" wherever they go.
In Luxi, "where there is something, there is a place" is not an empty talk.
Although he was a rare undergraduate who graduated from Hunan Normal University in those years, he worked as an instructor in Luxi No.5 Middle School at the age of 28, but because of his poor health, Yang Shunqi, director of moral education in County No.1 Middle School, never thought about how to develop. Suddenly one day, Tan Zihao found Yang Shunqi and hoped that he would be the principal of No.2 Middle School. He was very surprised and immediately declined.
A year later, Tan Zihao found him again and explained the reason again: Why do you like you? Because I went to No.1 Middle School several times in the evening and saw that you were still marking papers at 90 pm, diligent; When I talked to you at that time, I found that you were a middle-level teacher for six years, and you still didn’t feel tired … …
Yang Shunqi did not expect that his own efforts and leadership were in the eyes. In 2017, after he arrived at No.2 Middle School, he was like a chicken blood, and when the principal took the class, he also gave the students compulsory remedial classes. "I love this career, no matter ordinary or poor." On the wall of his office, there is such a picture written by himself.
Li Jianjun, who graduated from Jishou University in 2006, took the initiative to apply to be a class teacher, with excellent classes, and set a new record in 2014 — — Three students from Tsinghua Peking University and an air force pilot were trained in the class. He never dreamed that in 2017, when he was less than 35 years old, he would be promoted directly from the deputy director of the teaching department to the principal of the county fifth middle school.
Caring for teachers is also an important part of respect. "I have traveled to almost every village." This is a cadre of the county education and sports bureau quietly observing the secretary, the county magistrate and the deputy magistrate in charge of education.
"I feel at home." Yang Deshang, a physics teacher from Anshan, Liaoning, who has worked in Luxi No.2 Middle School for seven years, talked about his seven years’ dribs and drabs, and talked about his mother who was thousands of miles away. The tears of the 30-year-old boy flowed down, but he dried his tears and added: "Because in Luxi, leaders have a sense of service, teachers don’t have to open their mouths if they have any difficulties." Just when the reporter interviewed, Tan Zihao was ready to introduce him to the object.
With respect and love from the villagers, the stories are endless. The reporter reported a story in Mutuo Village, a local cottage in Baiyangxi.
In April 2012, Yang Runsheng, a teacher at the teaching point in Baomutuo Village, who was in class, fell to the podium. The state hospital diagnosed thymoma and myasthenia gravis and needed to be sent to the provincial hospital for surgery immediately. It is estimated that the treatment fee will be 100,000 yuan.
The villagers in Baomutuo Village took the initiative to lend you 10,000 yuan, and he took 5,000 yuan. The oldest Li Apo in the village also paid out more than 200 yuan earned by selling wild onions and pumpkin flowers. With the concerted efforts of the villagers and donations from the school district, Yang Runsheng’s surgery expenses were collected the next day.
Yang Runsheng has an account book, which reads: 10,000 yuan owed to Qin Tianlin (2,000 yuan has been repaid) and 8,000 yuan owed to Qin Minqiu (500 yuan) & HELIP; … "The money on the ledger is still inexhaustible in my life. Only by teaching the children of the villagers well and teaching them into talents will I feel comfortable!" Yang Runsheng is jealous … …
3. Improve the professional quality, so that teachers have the confidence to be "bullish"
Only with good teachers can there be a good education.
"If you can’t teach well", where does the teacher come from? How to revitalize rural education?
To grasp the growth of teachers, the first thing is to establish quality orientation.
For Luxi education, there are three most important documents in the education system, namely, the school target management assessment scheme, the teaching quality benefit evaluation scheme and the principal target management assessment scheme. Bonuses and awards depend on how these three schemes are implemented. Among them, the quality of education and teaching is in the most important position, occupying an important proportion of assessment.
The village allowance mentioned before is not that you can get an extra 1400 yuan a month as long as you teach in a village, but that you should ensure the quality. There is a large-scale quality inspection in the county every semester, and the test results are low. I’m sorry, don’t say that you are qualified to participate in the transfer examination.
It is also under such a baton that all the teachers in Luxi try to improve their teaching level and practice their "skills".
The second way is to lead the way by example, strengthen the education of teachers’ morality and style, and awaken and stimulate the sense of responsibility of teachers to the greatest extent.
The quality of education in Luxi is good. Are there any make-up classes? Sure. But that’s all done according to the rules. All teachers are absolutely not allowed to "tutor at home" and are absolutely not allowed to take part-time courses in various training courses. In the past three years, the county has also dismissed five illegal teachers.
The dedication and dedication of Luxi teachers are touching. When talking about their own work, their own schools and their own students, almost all of them are full of blood and passion.
Fu Haiou, born in 1980s, left her children in the county seat for her family to take, and came to Huangnichong Primary School, which is more than 50 kilometers away from the county seat. Now she has been holding on for seven years. In a class she once took over, there were 42 students in grade three, and the average score of language was only over 30 points, and several people only had a few points. Fu Haiou found junior textbooks, started with addition and subtraction, and used rest time for counseling every day. In 2016, the average score of Chinese in this class reached more than 80 points and 90 points in mathematics, ranking second in the county.
Zhang Changneng, a math teacher and head teacher in No.1 Middle School, devoted himself to more than 40 children in his class. He set up detailed files for all the children in his class: hobbies, academic achievements and life goals, but his son and two-year-old daughter, who were in junior high school, stayed at his mother-in-law’s house for a long time.
Tan Zihao called teachers like Fu Haiou and Zhang Changneng "Luxi Education Dreamers". He believes that only with more and more such "dreamers" can Luxi’s dream of revitalizing rural education come true.
Luxi’s third practice is to strengthen training, promote job rotation training, "famous teachers take apprentices" and help each other in pairs.
There are 175 primary and secondary schools in Luxi, but there are 31 large schools. Over the years, almost all the principals of these "big schools" have been sent to study in foreign classes, and the county will send 2-mdash every semester; 6 principals, 10— 20 young and middle-aged backbone teachers went to famous schools in developed areas for attachment training and study with their classes. Li Jianjun, the headmaster of No.5 Middle School, was sent to the "head teacher’s backbone class" in the state for further study, and went to the middle school attached to Hunan’s most famous Normal University to study with his classes. "Progress is not a little bit, it is a step every year." Li Jianjun said.
Zhang Shiquan, vice president of Wuxi No.2 Primary School, came back from Chaoyang District, Beijing for a semester and promoted "three-three micro-behaviors" in the school. Zhang Shiquan said that among the 338 students in the school, 90% are left-behind children, and more than 30% are children of poor households who set up files. The education of behavior habits is their focus. "They all learned from Beijing." Zhang Shiquan said.
With limited financial resources, it is impossible to "send out" more. The most important thing is to rely on our own training. The figure from the County Education and Sports Bureau is that from 2015 to 2018, the county has completed 12,000 teacher trainings in the past three years.
Why can students stay? Because you can go to school at your doorstep.
There are 175 schools in Luxi, including 4 high schools, and none of them are provincial demonstration (provincial key) high schools, which are rare in Hunan.
Another rare phenomenon is that not only high schools, including primary schools and junior high schools, but also those who go out to work with their parents, almost none of Luxi’s children go to other places to study. On the contrary, there are many foreign children who come here. In 2019, the number was 2,075, exceeding 5% of the primary and secondary school students in the county.
Another rare phenomenon is that there are 175 schools in 147 villages in Luxi, that is to say, almost every village has a school. Among the 175 schools, there are 130 with fewer than 100 students, among which there are 54 "one-person schools" with only one teacher. Why are there so many small schools? "If there is no school in a village, there is no cultural element." When other places began to merge rural schools on a large scale, Luxi did not forcibly merge a small village according to the actual situation in the county and the requirements of the people, but just disappeared naturally.
In 2018, when Luxi accepted the balanced acceptance of national compulsory education, some evaluation experts lamented that every school in Luxi, regardless of urban and rural areas, had almost no difference in hardware, teachers and quality.
"We want to see the worst village."
"There is no worst, only the most remote."
This is a real conversation in the interview. It is Tan Zihao who answers the reporter’s questions.
Early the next morning after the end of the dialogue, he took the reporter around Jishou, walked for more than two hours on the winding mountain road, and went straight to Shuika Primary School in Jiefangyan Township, the most remote place in the county.
Shuika Primary School has 51 students and 4 teachers. The school is built on the mountain. After climbing two platforms, a teaching building is hidden under a big tree, and the campus looks quiet and cool. Although the teaching building is old, it is clean and tidy. It is class time, and there is a sound of books in the classroom.
How to manage a small and remote village? Tan Zihao said that Luxi’s way is to strengthen teachers through subsidies and teaching system, to grasp routine through education supervision, and to formulate "18 rules for village small schools" to promote construction. "As long as there are students, there must be schools; As long as there is a school, we must satisfy the people. " This is what Luxi educators demand of themselves. In order to complete the "30 One" capital construction configuration of 130 small-scale schools in the county, the county invested more than 7 million yuan back and forth, which really made "any school look good".
During the interview, the reporter saw in Huangnichong Primary School in Xiaozhang Township that two young "the most sought-after public-funded normal students in the county", Chen Zihua and Deng Xiaojie, volunteered to go down from the central school to the village school and volunteered to take classes. "I want to do an experiment." Chen Zihua, 24, is full of confidence. Neat writing on the blackboard, standard Mandarin and youthful smiles, both of them are "full of educational ideals", and the county is very supportive of letting them do it.
Running every school well, of course, is not just running small villages. "If the whole Luxi education is likened to a train, and each township school is a carriage, then the town school is ‘ Locomotive ’ To enhance motivation, lead demonstrations, and run with everyone. " Xiang Ziquan, deputy director of the county education and sports bureau, said that for a school, the "locomotive role" of famous teachers is indispensable; For a county, the famous school "locomotive" plays an indispensable role.
Siyuan Experimental School, the "locomotive", has played an excellent demonstration role in the county. "It’s the direction." In the interview, more than one principal said so. This nine-year consistent school, which was put into use in September 2014, has 45 comprehensive practice classes, which are rare in big cities. The whole school has also established 67 societies.
In addition to general recitation, calligraphy, painting, scientific and technological innovation, dance, calligraphy, vocal music, erhu, etc., the special courses offered by the school actually include chen river’s high-pitched tune, carving flowers by stepping on a tiger, rolling iron rings and walking on stilts. Students choose independently according to their hobbies or personal specialties, and take classes in two special classes on Tuesday and Thursday afternoons every week. These courses are all free.
To run every school well, there is also a township school that is described as a "sandwich class" — — Between the village and the city, in Luxi, 54.7% of the students are studying in township schools.
How can the "sandwiched layer" not be "sandwiched"? Luxi’s practice, in addition to the strong teachers mentioned above, has two other aspects: strengthening the team and helping each other in pairs.
Luxi County No.3 Middle School, located in Xinglong Town, once had a high school with good quality, but after the high school was closed, the school began to decline for various reasons. Xinglongchang is a big town in Luxi. If the No.3 Middle School is not well run, tens of thousands of people around it will be affected. Luxi is determined to change the face of No.3 Middle School.
In April 2016, Shang Yuandao, the deputy magistrate, led Tan Zihao and others to enter No.3 Middle School. Listening to lectures, talking and investigating lasted for three whole days. After that, the third middle school team was completely reorganized, and young, capable, thoughtful and energetic Chen Yongguo was elected as the principal. In the second autumn, Li Yongsheng, the best vice president of junior high school and Baisha Middle School in the county, became the resident vice president of this rural school and directly participated in school management. Li Yongsheng introduced some effective practices from Baisha Middle School and organized excellent teachers from Baisha Middle School to teach at home. By the end of June this year, more than 50 lectures and more than 20 pairs of teachers and apprentices had been sent.
The "software" here has been greatly changed, and the hardware there has been greatly invested: in three years, more than 2 million yuan has been invested, the teaching building has been rebuilt, and the school facilities have been added. The two-pronged approach has greatly changed the face of the Third Middle School. In 2017, the seven subjects in the state’s third grade academic level examination ranked first in the county’s rural independent junior high schools, and the high school online rate and admission rate ranked second in rural independent junior high schools; In 2018, the county advanced unit of teaching quality and benefit evaluation; Since 2017, more than 30 students have been transferred back to school, and the number of students enrolled in 2018 reached 399.
Why are educators full of passion? Because fine management makes people "spiritually multiply"
The reporter has interviewed Luxi many times, and a strong impression is that Luxi people always do the same educational work more realistically, carefully and in place than others. Where does such strong execution come from?
1. Match the "leader" and dredge the "intestinal obstruction"
An important starting point for Luxi to "run every school well" is to "catch the midfield", and this "midfield" is the school principal and middle-level cadres and the head of the Education Bureau. “‘ Midfield ’ Strong, the party and the country’s educational principles and policies can be well implemented; ‘ Midfield ’ Weak, there are policies that cannot be implemented above, and there are expectations that cannot be realized below. "
In fact, this phenomenon has happened in Luxi.
Because of this, Tan Zihao and the bureau team took the "midfield construction" of education as the first fire after competing for posts at the end of 2015. Since 2016, the county has promoted and adjusted 12 principals and removed 8 posts; There are 8 directors of 24 units in the bureau. Some people predict that the education system will "shake the earth"; It is also speculated that Tan Zihao may not last long. However, the result disappointed the "prophets".
What is the reason for it
"It is to act according to the rules. Although the intensity is great, it is well-founded." Tan Zihao introduced that, in terms of the adjustment of the principal, apart from the age factor, the others are ability and performance. The basis is the "Annual Performance Assessment Plan for Primary and Secondary School Principals" issued by the Education and Sports Bureau of Luxi County in 2016, in which the hard leverage is real. For example, Luxi particularly emphasizes the principal’s position consciousness. When the principal leaves school on weekdays, he must report to the office of the County Education and Sports Bureau. Leave the post once without authorization, and miss out on Excellence; Three times, dismissed on the spot.
There are too many hard levers, can the principals still display their hands and feet? The answer is, of course, yes. "Within the scope of the principal’s authority, you can do it boldly." Yang Zhixiang, president of Siyuan Experimental School, said that he is now "worried about three things", "worried about teachers, worried about funds, and worried that his ideas will not be supported". The school has opened more than 50 elective courses, and invited the "non-legacy" celebrities in the county to give lectures. Shang Yuanyuan, the deputy magistrate, personally found the Minzong Cultural Tourism Bureau. Now, national culture and "non-legacy" are flourishing in the school.
With the vigor of the principal, the school will soon "rise".
Jiefang Rock School is a typical example. This school is the farthest from the county seat, and has always been a local principal. The school management is often hindered by the worldly wisdom, and the teaching quality is at the bottom of the county, and the students flow out year by year. In August, 2017, the county transferred Li Shaohui, the vice president who was very disciplined in teaching in No.3 Middle School, to Jiefangyan School as the principal. In less than a year, the quality of the school has reached a higher level, ranking second in the county for two consecutive years in the quality monitoring of nine-year compulsory schools in rural areas.
It is worth mentioning that Luxi’s "education midfield" is not only the principal and the head of the stock room, but also the middle level of the school. Its management authority is moved up, and its appointment and dismissal are decided by the party group of the Education and Sports Bureau through discussion. There are clear system provisions for "up" and "down". Since the implementation of the system of "being able to go up and down", the county has appointed and removed 86 middle-level cadres, 13 of whom have been held accountable for problems such as low work efficiency and laziness. Those who pass the examination can enter the training class for young cadres. It is not easy to become a young cadre training class student. First, it must be recommended by the school, and then it must be investigated by the personnel, basic education, discipline inspection, school security, supervision and other departments organized by the bureau. This class is held once a year, with about 50 students in each class. This is an inevitable procedure for promotion and appointment.
"Being able to go up and down" has activated a pool of spring water in the cadre team, and the execution of the whole team has been greatly enhanced. "Now, what decisions are made in the bureau, and the school can implement them to the letter." Tan Zi is easy to say.
2. "Bundle assessment" makes leadership services more, and makes "prestigious schools" more responsible for rural schools.
Luxi County Education and Sports Bureau has a school security unit, and its work has been very bright in recent years. However, in 2018, the staff of this unit failed to get a performance of 5,000 yuan at the end of the year, because the quality of its "bundled" Xiaozhang Primary School declined a lot, so Xiang Ziquan, the deputy director in charge of this unit and contacting this area, could not evaluate it.
"Bundle management" is the characteristic of Luxi. This includes two aspects. First, there are 28 stock rooms in the Education Bureau, corresponding to 32 schools in the county, and the evaluation scores of schools are directly linked to the annual assessment of stock rooms. Second, the universities and famous schools with better conditions in the county are "bundled and assessed" with the work indicators of the rural schools that they "one-on-one" help.
Such a policy makes principals feel more responsible. "If our school doesn’t run well, it will bring trouble to the leaders of the relevant bureaus and the stock room, which gives us great motivation." A principal said. As a responsible community, the leaders and the stock room are equally "under great pressure", and they can only actively make suggestions and solve problems for the bundled schools. The basic education unit is "bundled" with Baisha Primary School, Baisha Middle School and Luxi No.1 Middle School. These three schools are all famous schools in urban areas, and enrollment every year is a test that must be faced. Every enrollment season, Xie Yongliang and the comrades in the stock room take the initiative to make face-to-face policy interpretations with parents to dispel doubts and doubts. "After all, we are the staff of functional departments, with a more thorough understanding of policies, more authoritative answers and more convincing parents." Xie Yongliang said.
"Bundle management" is also forcing functional departments to improve their work style and enhance their service awareness. Careful teachers have found that the schemes and evaluation systems formulated by the Education and Sports Bureau in recent years rarely have one vote rejected. "One-vote veto is less, and democratic education is more. If there is more democracy, there will be more warmth. " Mo Bofang, director of the office of the county education and sports bureau, has some detours, but the truth is clear.
Luxi’s second "binding" is "pairing assistance" to teach. The schools at all levels in the county’s compulsory education stage were scientifically paired according to three categories, and each town’s high-quality proofreading helped 1-mdash; 2 rural weak schools, a total of 125 pairs. Taking a five-year cycle, these "couples" start with five major sections: management assistance, teacher assistance, resource assistance, cultural assistance and student assistance, and implement "four bundles": work target bundling, leadership responsibility bundling, work responsibility bundling, assessment reward and punishment bundling, and "grafting" the school-running concept and management experience of urban quality schools to rural schools to promote the integrated development of urban and rural education. "For example, the quality evaluation binding, the quality evaluation of the aided school accounts for 30% of the quality evaluation score of the aided school." Xie Yongliang, head of the basic education, added.
Since 2016, the county has sent 138 urban school teachers to support weak rural schools. What’s the effect?
The reporter bumped for more than two hours and came to Yongxingchang Primary School. The teaching building and comprehensive building were almost all new buildings. "It wasn’t like this before." Principal Yang Jinwei said that the school used to be very shabby. In that year, a special post teacher was assigned and left without opening his luggage. In March 2017, the county arranged Baisha Primary School to help. Baisha Primary School not only sent the backbone, but also let the new young teachers of Yongxingchang Primary School study in depth, understand the class management, study in class, visit the class cultural layout, and participate in the collective evaluation. "It is to open the door and pair up deeply." Zhou Jiansheng, principal of Baisha Primary School, described it.
"Our class culture has become a bright spot, actually learning Baisha Primary School." Yang Jinwei, the president of Xinglongchang, said that he had also studied in many places, including other provinces, but many practices of others were too "high" to learn, and this kind of localized help was the most effective. Indeed, in 2017, the comprehensive ranking of Yongxingchang Primary School rose by six places from the bottom of similar schools. The science taught by Li Yanmei, a teacher who just joined the work for two years, won the first prize in the county-wide random examination in 2017, achieving a historic breakthrough in teaching quality.
According to statistics, as of June 2019, there were 125 pairs of schools in the county, with more than 2,300 teachers deeply involved, and more than 900 activities of sending teachers, research institutes and training to the countryside were carried out, with more than 18,000 participants.
3. Pay attention to routine, supervision, strengthen process management and build a standard "production line"
The reporter reviewed the briefing on key work supervision from 2018 to May 2019. The report is divided into four parts: stock room work, school work, existing problems and report praise. The content includes more than 10 tasks, including education and teaching, party building work, accurate poverty alleviation, safety work, class attendance and evaluation, teacher’s morality and style, and pairing assistance.
Since 2016, such a notification has been held in Luxi for four years. The supervision bulletin has exerted great power, and no one dares to take it lightly. "Our principals are very concerned, every copy must be seen, and teachers must be organized to learn." Hu Fangping, principal of Mingde Primary School, said that if there are problems in the report, they will immediately organize rectification. If there are no problems, they will also reflect on other schools.
This result is the result of Luxi’s innovative supervision means.
Grasping management and quality through supervision is also one of Luxi’s experiences in running every school well.
The work of the inspector’s responsibility area in Luxi is different from other places. It is not set according to the region, but according to the school category, that is, preschool education, primary school, middle school and nine-year compulsory education. Each responsibility area employs two full-time inspectors, and 31 deputy school-level personnel are employed as supervisors in 31 schools and large kindergartens, so that supervision can basically be carried out in all directions without dead ends.
"See people and see things, supervise and reform, and ask for accountability." Zhang Xianbiao, director of the Supervision Office of the County Education and Sports Bureau, said that this is the job requirement of the bureau for inspectors, not only "supervising", but more importantly "guiding" and serving. Not only supervise the school, but also supervise the units in the bureau. The system of pre-arrangement on January 1st, supervision on January 1st, summary on January 1st, and notification on January 1st. Every school that is responsible for the inspector shall supervise and urge the full implementation of all work and education and teaching routines by means of "four noes and two straights" every month (no notice, no greeting, no report, no accompanying reception, going straight to the grassroots and going straight to the scene).
Fu Zhen, who is 60 years old this year, is a full-time inspector in the primary school responsibility area. Before that, he worked as the vice president of teaching for 14 years and has rich experience in education and teaching. Chaodi Primary School in Dalan Town is 20 miles away from the mountain road in the town. There are only nine students and two teachers. Because the teachers are older and less motivated, the teaching quality can’t keep up. After the start of school in the fall of 2018, Fu Zhen came to the school over the mountains to check the routine, make demands and make suggestions. The working attitudes of the two teachers have greatly changed. Fu Zhen said that if a problem is found and solved in every school, then 10 schools will solve 10 problems. "The fewer school problems, the better the school will be."
"It is very helpful to us, and we are all looking forward to their coming." Chen Yongguo, the principal of No.3 Middle School, said that the responsible inspectors are very professional, which is equivalent to a physical examination and diagnosis of the school once a month. If there is a problem, they will prescribe it in time.
When it comes to Luxi’s education management, we have to mention its large-scale publicity of school affairs, and its main carrier is the "monthly meeting of school affairs supervision" system. Bao Rongchang, director of the Discipline Inspection and Supervision Office of the County Education and Sports Bureau, introduced this "monthly meeting" to us in detail: fixed time, before the 10 th of each month; Fixed participants, school team members, discipline inspectors, and representatives of teachers’ congresses are more than 5, and participants can also be clearly absent according to the needs of the meeting; Fix the agenda and requirements of the meeting.
"At first, some principals were not welcome. In their view, this challenge to management authority, the key is to prepare more things, trouble, it is simply unnecessary. The representatives of the teachers’ congress who attended the meeting were also not very comfortable, unable to show their feelings and lose face. But after a period of implementation, the effect will appear. " Bao Rongchang said that he cited a typical case.
In the past, the head teacher’s allowance, substitute fees, overtime pay and other expenses of Luxi School were all "showing their magical powers", which was somewhat inconsistent with the policy and "can do but can’t say". If there was any violation, the principal and the team would bear the responsibility. Financing channels and distribution methods were not adopted at the monthly meeting of some schools. What should we do? The school reports to the station, and the station reports to the county. Great, the county attaches great importance to it. The allowance of the head teacher is guaranteed by the finance, and the substitute fee and overtime pay are converted into workload. The principals relaxed and became staunch supporters of the monthly meeting. (Reporter Li Lunzhen Yang Xiye Lai Sijie Correspondent Li Maolin Ni Zhengsong Li Chang)