foreword

It has been more than three years since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic; It has been two years since the establishment of the National CDC in May 2021.

Before May, there was little news about the establishment and promotion of provincial disease control bureaus, and the overall work progress was very slow. However, in May this year, especially in the recent period, under the pressure and urging of the relevant state departments, many provinces put up the brands of the disease prevention and control bureaus of their respective provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government before the deadline.

This series of actions and information gives us the feeling that "the brand should be hung out first, and the requirements of this time node should be completed before deadline. As for the three-set plan, internal organization, specific work and other contents, let’s wait for the next node to talk about it slowly. As for the reform of the disease control system, who knows?"

挂个牌子也许是疾控局成立，或者说疾控体系改革最简单的内容了，可是然后呢？疾控体系改革就结束了？疾控体系改革就这些吗？

当然不是，疾控体系改革任重道远，道阻且长，目前疾控体系改革尚没有看到太多的实质性进展，疾控局的成立只是个开始。

疾控体系改革必须以解决其存在的4个主要问题——能力不强、机制不活、动力不足、防治不紧密为导向。这是一个艰难的过程，我们只能在不断的探索和实践中寻找最适合我们的那条疾病预防控制的健康之路。

01、国家疾控局成立过程 　

我们首先把时间拨回新冠疫情发生后的第一个全国两会，2020年全国两会。

2020年5月24日下午，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席最高领袖在参加十三届全国人大三次会议湖北代表团审议时强调，防范化解重大疫情和突发公共卫生风险，事关国家安全和发展，事关社会政治大局稳定。要坚持整体谋划、系统重塑、全面提升，改革疾病预防控制体系，提升疫情监测预警和应急响应能力，健全重大疫情救治体系，完善公共卫生应急法律法规，深入开展爱国卫生运动，着力从体制机制层面理顺关系、强化责任。

In the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, on April 28th, 2021, the State Council appointed and dismissed national staff, and appointed Wang Hesheng, deputy director of the National Health and Wellness Commission, as the director of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention. Subsequently, the National CDC was established, and it took nearly a year before the "three-set plan" of the National CDC was released.

Established by listing:On May 13th, 2021, the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention was officially listed, which belongs to the deputy ministerial level managed by National Health Commission. It will be responsible for formulating policies for the prevention and control of infectious diseases and public health supervision, guiding the construction of disease prevention and control system, planning and guiding the construction of epidemic monitoring and early warning system, guiding the construction of scientific research system for disease control, public health supervision and management, and supervision of infectious diseases, which means that the functions of disease control institutions have changed from simply preventing and controlling diseases to comprehensively maintaining and promoting the health of the whole population.

The "three-set plan" was announced:On February 16th, 2022, China Organization Network published the Provisions on the Functional Allocation, Internal Structure and Staffing of the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention and the Notice of the General Office of the State Council, the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on Adjusting the Functional Allocation, Internal Structure and Staffing of the National Health and Wellness Committee on February 16th, making it clear that the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention is a national bureau under the management of the National Health and Wellness Committee and is a vice-ministerial unit. At the same time, it stipulates the function allocation, internal structure and staffing of the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention, and adjusts the internal structure of the National Health and Wellness Committee.

It only took more than three months for the national medical insurance bureau to go from listing to "three decisions"And in the "transition period" of more than three months, we also made high-profile actions: centralized collection of anticancer drugs and medical insurance access negotiations, management of medicines and medical behaviors, and investigation of management of high-value medical consumables, which frequently caused waves in the industry, and we can’t wait for the announcement of the three-set plan to start the reform process.

The overall progress of the National CDC is in sharp contrast with it:It has been nearly nine months since the listing of the National CDC to the announcement of the final plan, and in these nine months, except for the addition of a deputy director, there is almost no official action of any institution.

02、Establishment process of provincial disease control bureaus 　

At the beginning of the establishment of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Province took the lead in announcing the overall framework for the establishment of provincial, municipal and county disease control bureaus: "Systematically promote the reform of the province’s disease control and prevention system; Establish a provincial-level disease prevention and control bureau, and set up municipal and county-level disease prevention and control bureaus based on the health and health departments at the same level. " In August 2021, Fujian Provincial Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention (to be established) was unveiled in Fuzhou.

In addition, there was almost no progress in the provinces. Until this May, due to various factors, the "deadline" was finally determined.The provincial disease control bureaus are required to complete the listing before the end of May.. Ever since, almost every day, provinces have announced the listing of CDC, and the listing of CDC in various places has accelerated.

It is expected that at the request of relevant departments, the "three-set plan" of the disease control bureaus in cities, counties and districts throughout the province and the disease control bureaus may also be set within 2 months.

03、The ideas and responsibilities of setting up the CDC have been basically clear. 　

Country:The National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention was established. The National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention is a national bureau managed by the National Health and Wellness Committee, with 170 administrative staff at the deputy ministerial level. There are 1 director, 4 deputy directors and 32 deputy directors. There are 10 departments, including comprehensive department, planning, finance and regulation department, monitoring and early warning department, emergency response department, infectious disease prevention and control department, health and immunization planning department, comprehensive supervision department I, comprehensive supervision department II, science, technology, education and international cooperation department (Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan office) and government party committee (personnel department).

Provincial level:According to the central model, the provincial CDC is established, which is generally the deputy department level with different offices, and the director of the CDC is also the deputy director of the Health and Health Commission.

Cities and counties:Under normal circumstances, there is a CDC in the Health and Health Commission, and the director of the CDC is also the deputy director of the Health and Health Commission at the same level.

From the perspective of responsibilities, the main responsibilities of the provincial CDC include:To organize the formulation of draft regulations, policies, plans and standards for the prevention and control of infectious diseases and public health supervision; Leading the professional work of disease control institutions at all levels in the province, organizing the implementation of the national immunization program, overall planning and supervising the disease control work of infectious disease medical institutions and other medical institutions; Planning and guiding the construction of an epidemic monitoring and early warning system for infectious diseases, and being responsible for the work related to the epidemic response of infectious diseases; Cooperate to guide the construction of scientific research system for disease control; Responsible for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, environmental sanitation, school sanitation, public place sanitation, drinking water sanitation supervision and management, occupational hygiene and radiation hygiene supervision.

Judging from the public information, the positions of "chief officers" of provincial CDC can be roughly divided into two categories:In some areas, the former responsible comrades of the Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention were promoted to the director of the Bureau of Disease Control and entered the party group of the Provincial Health and Wellness Committee, and in some areas, the responsible comrades of the Provincial Health and Wellness Committee who were in charge of disease control and prevention were held.

04、There is not much substantial progress in the reform of disease control system. 　

At least for now, there is no substantial progress in the reform of the disease control system.

The listing of CDC has little to do with the main problems of China’s centers for disease control and prevention at present. The establishment of CDC is to sort out the disease prevention and control system to a greater extent, or even to reorganize and adjust the functions within the health care system.There is still a lot of room for efforts to meet the requirements of "persisting in overall planning, reshaping the system, comprehensively improving and reforming the disease prevention and control system".

However, the establishment of the CDC can be regarded as the beginning of the reform of the CDC system. Straightening out the system and mechanism, clarifying the functional orientation, speeding up the reform of the CDC institutions at the provincial, municipal and county levels, solving the main problems existing in the CDC system, and speeding up the improvement of the CDC system have become the next key tasks and tasks put forward by all localities.

At the same time, we can also see that even if there is not much substantive content, it is more about the adjustment and adequacy of departmental functions. The establishment process of the National CDC and local CDC has been slow and difficult, and the reform of the entire CDC system can be imagined.

05、Four key issues in the reform of disease control system 　

Many people inside and outside the industry have said that China’s disease control system has problems such as low treatment and serious brain drain, but in the final analysis,At present, there are four main problems in the prevention and control system of physical diseases in China: weak ability, inflexible mechanism, insufficient motivation and loose prevention and control.

Therefore, in order to make substantial progress in the reform of disease control system, we must start with these four main problems.

1, the ability is not strong

Question:

The ability is not strong, and we don’t have to admit that the ability of disease control system is not strong, especially in some districts and counties, the overall ability is generally not strong, and the personal ability is generally weak.

Because of insufficient preparation or because of the positioning and treatment of grassroots disease control, it is impossible to recruit highly educated talents, resulting in fewer grassroots disease control personnel and fewer professional business personnel, which leads to poor overall ability. Secondly, from the perspective of personal ability, many people’s business ability is also relatively general. A CDC with strong ability is often one or two people, and then more tasks can only be pressed on the shoulders of these two people, resulting inCapable people are busier and don’t get much, and those who can’t are more idle and more chaotic..

Ideas:

The disease control system should have a set of assessment and evaluation mechanism in line with its own reality, which must be operable, and then be assessed regularly. Of course, it needs to be clear,This assessment is not only for the staff of the CDC, but also for every link of the CDC system.From the staff of community health service centers to the staff of medical institutions who are responsible for the online reporting of infectious diseases and the corresponding responsibilities of public health, from the staff of CDC to the staff of CDC, the staff of CDC should be assessed accordingly.

The assessment content should include the completion of the government’s public health functions and public welfare tasks undertaken by disease control institutions at all levels, the completion of the guidance and supervision tasks undertaken by regional medical institutions, and the improvement of residents’ health indicators in the jurisdiction. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the application of assessment results, and take the assessment results as an important basis for the appointment and dismissal of personnel, the evaluation of the first, the total salary and the approval of reward performance in CDC, and link them with the performance, further study and promotion of CDC staff.

All of the above, if gradually promoted and formed a set of practical things, will be very effective for the improvement of the overall system capacity, of course, this process is very difficult.

2, the mechanism is not alive

Question:

Because the disease control system is a part of the system to a large extent, this leads to many restrictions, unlike companies in a market economy, which are flexible and efficient.

Ideas:

First of all, it needs to be explained that the disease control system will never completely become a company under the market economy, which is determined by its nature. However, it is still possible to learn from each other’s strengths, and the purpose is to make the development of disease control system, especially human resources for disease control, become living water.

As implemented in some areasThe system of "chief public health expert" is a good example.The system of "chief public health experts" can be implemented for disease control at least above the municipal level, and the chief public health experts of epidemic disease, exemption from regulations, virus and disinfection are selected in a scientific and reasonable way. This is one of the measures to strengthen the construction of public health talents, provide talent guarantee for the construction of public health system, set up "chief experts" for disease control based on scientific research, talents and foreign exchanges, and build "hard power" for disease control personnel.

On March 31st, at the provincial conference on disease prevention and control system in 2023, Hao Yibin, director of Henan CDC, said:

At present, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Henan Province is setting up a chief expert system, which encourages senior experts with rich experience in scientific research and business management to be full-time "chief public health experts" by enjoying favorable conditions such as retaining the original administrative post treatment and special retirement and re-employment policy, empowering inter-departmental scientific research teams and providing sufficient scientific research funds.

In addition, should be established.Practice-oriented evaluation mechanism of public health talents, the implementation of classified assessment. Promote and strengthen the cooperation between disease control institutions at all levels and the college of public health in personnel training, personnel mutual employment, platform co-construction, data sharing, etc., create a demonstration base for public health personnel training in cooperation between schools and localities, and jointly cultivate applied professionals in public health.

At the same time, we should also increase the decision-making power of disease control institutions at all levels, reform the evaluation criteria of professional titles, and reasonably increase the proportion of middle and senior positions in disease control institutions. Improve the system of public health doctors, cultivate and expand the team of public health doctors, and explore giving public health doctors the right to prescribe.

3. Lack of motivation:

Question:

To put it bluntly, the disease control system is too poor and the income is too low. This is the root of many problems, because the income is low, so we can’t attract talents and can’t keep talents, so our ability is not strong; Because of the low income, more work and less work, they gradually began to muddle along and began to make no progress.

Ideas:

Tianjin CDC, Wuhan CDC, etc. have publicized the foreign services that they can charge for. For example, Tianjin CDC has launched 72 foreign technical services, which can provide a variety of health services for individuals and families, and provide entrusted testing services (23) and public health technical services (49) for the government and relevant departments, enterprises and institutions, and social organizations.

The project specifically includes the detection of water, air, food, etc.Communication and defense officeIt can provide technical support and policy consultation related to infectious disease prevention and control, theme planning activities of health science popularization day related to infectious disease prevention and control, and production of health science popularization videos.Exemption officeCan provide vaccination related policy advice and technical support, vaccination knowledge training. All these provide ideas for other disease control institutions.

The reform of disease control should explore and promote the "first-class security and second-class management" and implement it in detail.Two permits",allowing disease control institutions to break through the current wage control level of public institutions, allowing medical and health technical services to be provided on the basis of completing the approved tasks, and further stimulating the endogenous motivation of disease control institutions. While implementing the policy of full financial security, we should establish a new operating mechanism that combines security with incentives and conforms to the characteristics of disease control institutions, give them internal distribution autonomy and stimulate their operational vitality.

4, prevention and control is not close

Question:

To tell the truth, this is the most difficult to solve. Even after the establishment of the CDC, the separation between prevention and treatment may be more serious.This seems to be seen from the monitoring of the new crown infection virus.

Ideas:

For disease prevention and control, if prevention and control are to be closer,It is necessary to make clear the responsibilities that all kinds of medical institutions and medical administration departments at all levels should and must undertake in disease prevention and control.At the same time, the mechanism of personnel communication, information communication, resources communication and supervision and supervision is also established between disease control and medical care, and the disease control work is promoted to be included in the performance appraisal content of medical and health institutions.

In addition, it is necessary to establish an innovative supervision, assessment and evaluation mechanism for disease control institutions to medical institutions, and explore the establishment of a full-time and part-time disease control supervisor system in medical and health institutions to supervise the development of disease prevention and control, and urge the implementation of reporting responsibilities for infectious diseases and public health emergencies. For example, whether the infected cases in COVID-19 were reported realistically, such as whether fever of unknown origin was reported in time.

The reform of disease control system has a long way to go, and all key measures of reform and development must be supported by governments at all levels and relevant departments before they can take effect.

Everything has just begun, and China’s disease control system needs to focus on the long-term, overall planning, layout of the future, and embark on a road of public health governance with China characteristics.

write　| CDC disease control person

Proofreading　|　Gddra　

read and edit　|　Hide / Blue sea

Edit design　|　　Alice

Original attention to cutting-edge technology qubits is included in the topic # Huami 1# Chip 4# The technology circle is paying attention to 70.

Yang Jing is from Hefei

Quantum bit report | WeChat official account QbitAI

If it weren’t for being in Hefei, I would have thought it was a release conference of a song by a certain Vida.

At the beginning, the CEO came straight up with a huge wafer.

This big disc is engraved with 4000 chips made by ourselves.

In the next hour, it was even more confusing. Four shots were fired in succession, and the technique was very vertical.

There are chips, operating systems, AI algorithms, and MRI nuclear magnetic resonance equipment.

If I want to say again, this is a press conference of watch factory, I don’t believe it myself.

The conference of "Watch Factory"?

As you may have guessed, it is Huami, a watch factory headquartered in Hefei.

It made its debut in mi band, and then became the fastest-growing wearable manufacturer representative in NYSE with its endless product strength.

Chip has become the traditional artistic ability of Huami. In 2018, Huami bet on RISC-V architecture and launched the first AI chip in the field of smart wearable in the world-Huangshan No.1, which was mass-produced in the following year. Last year, at Huami’s first non-product conference, Huangshan No.2 chip was unveiled.

As the first launch of this conference, Huangshan 2S chip is called 2S, but it is not a simple improvement of the second generation.

It adopts dual-core RISC-V architecture. Among them, the large-core system can perform high-load calculations such as graphics and UI operations, and also integrates FPU to support floating-point operations. The small core, on the other hand, has low power consumption, and can process sensor data for 24 hours to realize continuous monitoring of biological data all day.

Large core and small core, clear division of labor, achieving a balance between computing power and power consumption.

Compared with the previous generation chip, the computing efficiency of Huangshan 2S is improved by 18%, the running power consumption is reduced by 56%, and the sleep power consumption is reduced by 93%.

Three years, three chips, realize the transition from usable to easy to use. The core-making project of Huami has entered the fast lane.

In addition to the chip, there is Zeppos, the native smart watch operating system that debuted.

As another field that is difficult to overcome in the intelligent hardware industry, the reason why Huami has to do it is also because of user demand and market drive.

There are two mainstream operating systems on the market at present. Either it is based on the mobile phone system magic change, but it is too cumbersome and complicated for wearable devices.

Either it is a ready-made embedded real-time operating system, which is more suitable for industrial control equipment and ordinary IoT products. It is directly used in smart watches that pay attention to experience, and some of them are not acclimatized.

Therefore, if Huami wants to do OS, there are two requirements first: lightness and user experience.

In terms of memory, the bottom layer of Zepp OS system is based on FreeRTOS micro-kernel open source code, which takes up very little space, and the system package is only 55MB, which is about 1/28 of Apple watch OS.

In terms of battery life, the running power consumption of Zepp OS is 65% lower than that of the previous Amazfit OS, thus ensuring continuous health data monitoring for 7×24 hours.

For developers, Zepp OS is also equipped with a watch applet framework-Zeus mini-program framework, which is convenient for developers to develop applets with a lower threshold.

In addition, the system also integrates 150 dials, including 15 dynamic dials. According to reports, the graphical development environment will be opened in the future, and individual users can also participate in the dial design.

In addition to the appearance of software and hardware, there is a brand-new AI algorithm-Pump Beats blood pressure monitoring engine. As a function with the highest voice in the whole conference, it can directly solve the current needs.

The smart watch equipped with this engine can measure blood pressure with one button in 30s. At present, Huami has started clinical experiments with the First Hospital of Peking University, and it is expected to be available in the fourth quarter.

According to the Report on Cardiovascular Health and Disease in China in 2020, there are as many as 245 million patients with hypertension in China, of which the adult prevalence rate is 23.2%. In recent years, the number of deaths related to hypertension is as high as 2 million every year.

After more than five years of research by Huami team, this engine has taken an important step in the field of non-invasive and sleeveless blood pressure measurement technology.

At the end of the conference, it also showed the latest medical field exploration promoted by Huami through investment-portable MRI (nuclear magnetic resonance) equipment, which corresponds to medical pain points.

Traditional medical MRI is a huge thing with high cost and high environmental requirements, and it is often hard to find a machine, so patients need to make an appointment a long time in advance.

Portable MRI not only occupies a small area, but also does not need a special shielding room. Compared with traditional high-magnetic MRI, portable MRI can achieve high-quality imaging at low field strength even when the signal-to-noise ratio is 300 times different.

Regardless of Huangshan 2S chip, Zepp OS, PumpBeats blood pressure monitoring engine and portable MRI (nuclear magnetic resonance) equipment, Huami’s various release actions have shown that the core of the enterprise adheres to: global self-research.

How did Huami embark on this road?

As early as 2015, Huami layout chips began to have a fixed number, but now with the maturity of technology, this road has gradually become clear.

Simple eight-word summary: global self-research and pursuit of the ultimate.

Chip is the extreme of hardware, operating system is the extreme of software, and the pursuit of AI system is the extreme of algorithm.

With the appearance of the operating system, Huami has opened up a global self-research from chips, algorithms to operating systems.

In fact, this path of self-research from chips, OS and algorithms is not unfamiliar. For example, Apple and Huawei.

Apple built S5 and S6 chips and Watch OS for Apple Watch.

Huawei has Kirin A1 chip and the newly launched HarmonyOS system.

The advantages of doing so are obvious. Combine software and hardware, and use your own chip to adapt to your own software ecology.

Manufacturers have great autonomy, no invisible constraints, and can customize product functions to form their own product strength.

In recent years, Huami has applied for more than 1,000 patents, of which invention patents account for half.

The ultimate in technology means the growth of R&D investment in Huami.

In the last three years, Huami’s average R&D investment has reached 410 million yuan every year. In 2020, R&D investment will reach 538 million yuan.

This kind of investment is equivalent to 2 times or even 3 times that of some emerging Internet companies and IoT intelligent hardware companies.

With such a big investment and pursuing the ultimate in technology, what does Huami think?

Considerations behind global self-research

First of all, the so-called knowing people and discussing the world is closely related to the development stage of the industry.

The first stage, let’s call it the mode verification period.

Back in 2013, Samsung released its first smart watch, Galaxy Gear, and officially entered the wearable field.

However, due to poor performance, it has been criticized a lot, so there is not much spray.

In the second year, Huawei, Apple and Xiaomi collectively entered the market, which really set off a wave of smart wear in China.

At the beginning of 2014, Huawei released the smart bracelet TalkBand B1 at the Mobile World Congress, which started the first shot.

In September, Apple released the Apple Watch, and then kept the frequency one more time a year.

It was also this year that Huami and Xiaomi joined hands and became an explosion through a cost-effective smart bracelet.

Huami also became famous in World War I and established its status as a river and lake.

Prior to this, the prospect of smart wearable was still in doubt. But when the explosion comes out, there is no doubt about the business prospects.

From 2015 to 2020, the market size of smart wearable devices industry in China increased from 11.48 billion yuan to 63.22 billion yuan, with a compound annual growth rate of 40.7%.

More importantly, smart wearable is widely regarded as the next growth point in the field of consumer electronics after mobile phones.

So the second stage-short and fast replication period-also came.

Now that the smart wearable Qian Jing and its prospects have been verified, and as a new growth point of consumer electronics, it is inevitable that new players will flood in and giants will copy quickly.

Smart wearable copying is actually simple and direct, and the advantages are obvious-you can take the volume quickly, you can make large-scale profits after taking the volume, and you can still make quick money.

However, shortcomings or hidden concerns are naturally obvious.

Low prices are cool for a while, but who is still alive by low prices in the field of mobile phones? The doctrine of taking is very easy to use. Isn’t the risk of getting stuck in the neck and cutting off the confession direct enough? Finally, following the trend of homogenization, you can only live in the shadow of "cottage" forever.

Therefore, for smart wearable manufacturers, or consumer electronics companies, there are opportunities to stand out from the crowd during the pattern verification period and the short and fast replication period.

But if we want to operate sustainably, make it bigger, deeper and longer-term, we must build our own moat.

For example, Amazon and JD.COM in the e-commerce industry also had their previous growth periods, but later decided that their ability to go deeper and further was self-built logistics of "humiliation and burden-bearing".

Self-built logistics undoubtedly requires a large investment, and it will also focus on the whole company and business, which runs counter to the "light assets" advocated by technology Internet companies.

However, it is self-built logistics that has become the guarantee for Amazon and JD.COM to build a long-lasting business and provide better and longer-tail services.

It has become a moat that truly enables enterprises to operate sustainably.

For the current smart wearable industry, for Huami, isn’t the global self-developed chip and system just "self-built logistics"? Isn’t it to build a moat for the long term?

In fact, if we return to the company’s goals, especially the pressure of regular financial reports faced by listed companies, it may not be an easy way to do research on the whole stack.

However, even under such pressure, Huami still chose the self-developed system and chip, and insisted on the difficult and correct road, which shows its ambition and its long-term ambition.

On the other hand, from the perspective of users and consumers, a consumer electronics company that has proved that its actions will continue to provide long-term value is a company that will be trusted.

Nowadays, Huami is naturally a vertical champion in the wearable field, but don’t ignore that the global giants like Apple are racing together on this track.

Competing with a company like Apple can only run like water. It’s not a matter of time, but a matter of time.

Only by going deep into chips and systems can we have the qualification and ability to talk endlessly.

From this perspective, the road of Huami is no longer difficult to see through.

How to evaluate the way of huami?

Look back at Hua Mi’s movements.

From a technical point of view, Huami has done more and more "deep", from chips and systems to consumer brands. Nowadays, in addition to Amazfit, there are Zepp, and there are related OEM businesses upstream.

Forming a closed-loop technology will certainly highlight the product strength of Huami more and more, enhance the brand effect and expand the benefits.

Does that mean that Huami has to take a closed road?

On the surface, it is, but it is not.

On the one hand, based on the current business needs, Huami needs to open its products to the outside world after reaching a certain level.

At the press conference, Huang Wang announced that he would open the chip and operating system to third parties through Yitong Technology.

The products pass the stage of practical verification, providing solid evidence for Huami technology, which is conducive to building brand trust in the industry and more conducive to the healthy development of the whole industry.

On the other hand, from the perspective of the industry, global self-research represents Huami’s determination to deepen the health field.

As mentioned before, with the intensification of industry competition, other competing products are caught in the whirlpool of low-price competition, system takenism, homogenization function, etc., but there is still more potential hidden behind the fog in the field of healthy wear, which has not yet been developed, which requires industry entrants to concentrate on exploring more integration points between technology and human needs.

In this matter, Huami will go her own way.

This can explain why Huami is not only self-researched, but also hopes that some IoT partners such as smart door locks, smart cars and sweeping robots will participate, and finally connect the whole ecology through opening ports. In fact, the Zepp OS operating system of Huami’s conference can support the entire RISC-V ecosystem.

To some extent, smart wearable is just a representation, and the value of Huami lies in pushing the health industry forward.

Numerous industry stories in the past have long shown that if an industry or field wants to develop healthily, it is far from enough to rely only on cross-border systems and marketing methods. What will wearable health equipment look like for you and me in the future?

Need Huami, and even more enterprises to explore the possibilities of the industry to participate.

End—

This article is the original content of the signing account [Quantum Bit] of Netease News Netease Special Content Incentive Plan. It is forbidden to reprint it without the authorization of the account.

Original title: "The system chip is fully self-developed. What path does Huami take? 》

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Original Bund Jun Bund TheBund

Saudi Arabia is building a

Super exaggerated linear city

Such a sci-fi picture

I’ve only seen it in movies

It is my pyramid and will go down in history forever.

What makes Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman sigh so much is an exaggerated building-perhaps it is more appropriate to call it "the city" directly.

Just last week, Saudi Arabia officially announced an architectural plan called "The Line", which exploded in the global architectural circle.

This straight "line" is located in the northwest of Saudi Arabia, starting from the Red Sea, with a length of 170 kilometers, a width of 200 meters and a height of 500 meters, covering a total area of 34 square kilometers.

To put it simply, two super-long glass skyscrapers are parallel, and an entire city is sandwiched between them.

It will also become an important part of Neom, a new city in northwest Saudi Arabia.

Such a crazy architectural idea, which we only saw in science fiction movies before, is now going to become a reality?

But don’t be too happy, even in Saudi Arabia, which is "rich to the brim", it is not easy to build such a behemoth.

In recent years, Saudi Arabia has competed with Dubai, United Arab Emirates, and wants to seize the name of "the most luxurious in the world" by countless grand and futuristic wonders.

These renderings are really beautiful, but what is the probability of completion?

01

A super-long linear city

The Line project is designed by American firm Morphosis, and the budget will reach an astonishing $1 trillion, which will be completed in 2030.

Such a huge volume, if calculated by a single building, will undoubtedly become the largest building in the world after completion.

Ben Salman said that The Line provides a brand-new concept of urban planning and design.

"The vertical hierarchical distribution of urban functions allows people to travel seamlessly in three-dimensional space, which we call’ zero gravity urbanism’."

Different from the layout of traditional cities radiating from the city center, The Line City, as its name implies, brings all functions together in this straight line.

Two super-long skyscrapers with a height of 500 meters enclose the outline of the city. By then, they will surpass our world financial center (492 meters) and become the 12th tallest building in the world.

The building extends all the way from the red sea to the mountains, 800 meters from the mountains, and then continues to extend to the desert. Because the surface of the building is covered with glass curtain wall, it is also called "Mirror Line", which is full of science fiction.

The 200-meter-wide area between the two buildings is the public area of the city.

These functional facilities are all three-dimensional-vertical farm layered farming, connecting canteens and kitchens, making urban residents’ food baskets self-sufficient; The stadium is located at a height of 305 meters, and residents run, play ball and have fun in the sky.

02

NEOM, the new future city of Saudi Arabia

Another major feature of The Line is environmental protection. It is completely powered by renewable energy. 95% of the land is divided into nature reserves, where sunlight, plants and natural ventilation are balanced.

There are no roads and private cars in this city, and countless sidewalks and bridges connect two buildings.

People can walk to the public station they want to go to in 5 minutes at most, then take the high-speed train to their destination and reach the other side of the city in 20 minutes.

When completed in 2030, The Line will welcome the first batch of 1.5 million residents. In the later stage, we will gradually expand and improve the functions, and increase facilities such as houses, shopping malls, parks and schools, which can accommodate up to 9 million residents.

For Saudi Arabia, this is actually very important, because it is also one of their original intentions to build a new future city NEOM in the northwest, and The Line is an important part of this new future city.

NEOM covers an area of 26,500 square kilometers. In Ben Salman’s vision, it will become a place where everyone in the world can leave their footprints with creativity.

"The world is facing an environmental crisis, and NEOM can provide the most imaginative solutions. We have a team of the brightest talents in engineering and architecture to realize these cutting-edge ideas."

Environmental protection is a signboard with great communication value, but it is not the whole of NEOM. With a huge investment of trillions of dollars, the crown prince is not thinking of doing "charity" for environmental protection.

As early as 2016, Saudi Arabia issued the so-called "Vision 2030", with the goal of diversifying the Saudi economy and getting rid of its dependence on oil.

NEOM, the new future city, is a trump card of Vision 2030.

The Line alone can provide 380,000 new jobs, and it is expected to provide Saudi Arabia with a gross national product of 47.9 billion US dollars by 2030.

03

What is the probability that the spectacle will end badly?

In the "Vision 2030", the big goal is ahead, and now Saudi Arabia is building a lot of buildings, and exaggerated projects are one after another.

Besides NEOM, another most famous project in Saudi Arabia is the Red Sea Project, which will be an important step for Saudi Arabia to become a "global luxury tourist country".

500 kilometers north of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, a super-large luxury resort will be built, and 22 brand-new islands will be built on the Red Sea.

The participating big-name design firms include Kengo Kuma, Foster+Partners and Killa Design, and they will build a large number of seascape villas and desert tents on these islands.

In addition, they have signed contracts with 12 luxury hotels including Ritz-Carlton Seclusion, Magnificent, Liushan, St. Regis, Raffles and Addison. Magnificent and Ritz-Carlton Seclusion are scheduled to be completed and opened by the end of next year.

Building luxury hotels and wonders everywhere, wrestling with rivals such as the United Arab Emirates, and now the $1 trillion The Line is launched …

Is Saudi Arabia really so rich?

Of course, Ben Salman has his own small abacus, attracting investment all over the world with renderings, and plans to list NEOM in the new future city in 2024 to attract more investors.

But the problem is that the Saudi Crown Prince has a bad reputation in the West.

In particular, in 2018, his approval of the execution of Saudi journalist Kachouqi was exposed, which was widely resisted by the international community, and foreign investors in Saudi Arabia even withdrew their funds.

As a result, many magnificent buildings in the original plan were forced to stop the progress of the project, and even have been unfinished.

One of the most famous examples is the "Jeddah Tower" in Jeddah, which started construction in 2016 and has a design height of 1,008 meters. It is planned to surpass the Burj Dubai as the tallest building in the world.

Unexpectedly, in January 2018, construction workers suffered a collective strike of unpaid wages, reaching a height of 600 meters and stopping.

Originally expected to be completed last year, there is only a semi-finished product until now.

Today’s The Line is actually not optimistic about the outside world after the design scheme is announced, and some people even predict that it will be "a bad end".

On the one hand, the reason for funds is that the construction and implementation are too difficult.

For example, it is necessary to drill through the mountains and dig a huge tunnel with a length of 800 meters and 30 floors to let the skyscrapers pass.

In addition, high-rise buildings will be built on the ground in the desert where there is nothing, and 10 huge mansions will be built …

By 2030, can this imaginative "line" really end successfully?

Text, editor/cardic

Video/Fanfan

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The above content comes from "TheBund" (micro signal: the-bund).

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Original title: "A trillion wonders city, will it become the biggest unfinished building? 》

Read the original text

Xinhua Finance Shanghai, February 18 (Reporter Gao Shaohua) On the 18th, the reporter learned from the cross-border e-commerce platform SHEIN that cross-border e-commerce got off to a hot start in 2024, and China sellers seized the New Year business opportunities on the SHEIN platform, and some sellers doubled their sales of explosive products in the first year. The flexible supply of SHEIN accelerated the sellers’ product innovation to go to sea.

In the past year, 1.83 trillion yuan of goods in China were exported to the global market through cross-border e-commerce, an increase of 19.6%, reaching the level of 2.3 times that of five years ago. Entering the new year and spring, the business opportunities of bonus window opened to China sellers in overseas markets continue to be released.

At present, the growth rate of global retail e-commerce is much higher than that of offline retail, and overseas consumers’ shopping has accelerated to online transfer. According to the report of Satista, a global professional research data statistics company, the sales of e-commerce in emerging markets such as India, Brazil, Argentina, Turkey, Mexico, Russia, South Africa and Italy have all increased by more than 10%, and the global retail e-commerce sales will exceed 6 trillion US dollars in 2024.

As online shopping has become fashionable in overseas emerging markets, many people have changed from attending shopping festivals only a few times a year to spending on e-commerce every day or week. According to the latest list released by the authoritative organization PYMNTS, China’s cross-border platform SHEIN has reached the Top1 of the global shopping application ranking list, which is the sixth consecutive month that SHEIN has topped the list. SHEIN’s increasing market coverage and user influence overseas have also brought broad opportunities for domestic cross-border sellers to go to sea in the New Year.

"In January 2024, the company’s overall sales volume was quite good. The sales volume of several styles doubled compared with last year, and several single products rushed to the top of the sales list." Yin Fangfei, the seller of SHEN jewelry, used to supply short-sighted products to online celebrity in China for a long time. Since she settled in SHEN, she has taken the initiative to pay attention to overseas fashion trends and characteristics of explosive products, and referred to the methodology of "flexible production" and "quick response to small orders" that SHEN is good at, and organized the production of her own factory by using the digital background of the seller, which greatly improved the flexibility of the supply chain.

The children’s dress suit designed by Zhang Linlin, a Guangzhou seller, has become an explosion in the European market in late winter and early spring, and many new products have sold hundreds of pieces just after they were put on the shelves. Zhang Linlin is an expert in children’s wear and dresses. She entered the SHEIN platform a year ago. SHEIN faces more than 100 overseas multi-style consumer markets, creating many possibilities for her products to innovate and try. She said: "We can cover different festivals in different countries to do product development and design, not just in the Spring Festival, but almost all the year round after cross-border."

At present, China’s cross-border e-commerce sales network covers more than 220 countries and regions around the world, with more than 2,400 overseas warehouses covering an area of more than 25 million square meters. Third-party service providers such as logistics, payment and express delivery serve hundreds of thousands of customers around the world. All these infrastructures are helpful for China businessmen to go out to sea for gold. At the same time, many local governments have introduced a number of welfare policies to help accelerate the development of cross-border e-commerce industry, and the "one-stop" empowerment system provided by cross-border e-commerce platforms to cross-border e-commerce sellers is also accelerating.

"At first, our estimate of inventory was conservative and we underestimated the rapid sales of SHEIN." A Zhejiang seller who opened a shop on SHEIN said, "Since then, we have improved our inventory control. In order to meet the demand, we specially designed and launched hundreds of new styles for SHEIN." He believes that SHEIN employees have given the factory a lot of guidance on overseas consumption trends, which has brought great help to the company. Only by knowing how to improve the production accuracy and product quality according to the actual needs of the market can sellers continue to win the hearts of consumers.

In some industrial belts where sellers of SHEIN platform gather, SHEIN employees will also provide guidance or support for local sellers in product shooting, and also organize professional training for some local e-commerce photographers.

For consumers, the types of products they buy from the SHEIN platform are also more abundant. Statistics from overseas institutions show that among American fashion online shoppers, nearly 70% are familiar with SHEIN, and nearly one-third of them like this China company established in 2008. Judging from the usage share and social popularity index, SHEIN has won the preference of most American fashion online shopping consumers.

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Editor: Hu Chenxi

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　　CCTV News:According to the website of the Central Meteorological Observatory, the Central Meteorological Observatory issued a typhoon red warning at 10: 00 on July 26th: the center of Typhoon DOKSURI (super typhoon level) No.5 this year was located at 8: 00 a.m. on the 26th in the south of bashi channel, about 350 kilometers south of Taiwan Province, China, which was 18.8 degrees north latitude and 121.3 degrees east longitude, and the maximum wind force near the center was 17 (58. The lowest air pressure in the center is 925 hectopascals, the radius of the seventh-level wind circle is 300-450 kilometers, the radius of the tenth-level wind circle is 120-180 kilometers, and the radius of the twelfth-level wind circle is 90-120 kilometers.

　　It is estimated that Du Surui will move to the northwest at a speed of 10-15 kilometers per hour, with little change in intensity. It will move into the northeastern part of the South China Sea from the night of 26th to the morning of 27th, and then gradually approach the coastal areas from Fuqing, Fujian to Huilai, Guangdong, and will land in the above coastal areas from the morning of 28th to the morning, with the maximum possibility of landing in Jinjiang, Fujian to the coastal areas at the junction of Fujian and Guangdong (strong typhoon level, 42-48m/s, 14-).

　　Gale forecast:From 14: 00 on the 26th to 14: 00 on the 27th, there will be 6-8 winds and 9-10 gusts in bashi channel, the east of Taiwan Province, the northeastern and southern seas of the South China Sea, the Taiwan Province Strait, the southern part of the East China Sea, Taiwan Province Island and its coastal areas and Fujian coastal areas. Among them, the winds in bashi channel, the waters east of the northeastern South China Sea, the waters south of the Taiwan Province Strait and the southern coastal areas of Taiwan Province Island can reach 9-12 and the gusts are 13-15.

　　Precipitation forecast:From 14: 00 on the 26th to 14: 00 on the 27th, there were heavy rainstorms in parts of eastern Zhejiang and Taiwan Province Island, among which there were heavy rainstorms (100-150 mm) in parts of southeastern coastal areas of Zhejiang and heavy rainstorms (250-400 mm) in parts of eastern and southern Taiwan Province Island.

　　Defense guide:

　　1. The government and relevant departments shall, in accordance with their duties, do a good job in typhoon prevention and emergency rescue.

　　2. Water operations and passing ships in relevant waters should return to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind, strengthen port facilities, and prevent ships from anchoring, grounding and collision.

　　3. Stop large-scale indoor and outdoor gatherings and dangerous outdoor operations such as high altitude.

　　4. Reinforce or dismantle structures that are easy to be blown by the wind. Personnel should not go out at will. They should stay in windproof and safe places as far as possible, so as to ensure that the elderly and children stay in the safest place at home, and the dangerous people will be transferred in time. When the typhoon center passes by, the wind will decrease or stay still for a period of time. Remember that the strong wind will suddenly blow, and you should continue to stay in a safe place to avoid the wind, and the dangerous people will be transferred in time.

　　5. Relevant areas should pay attention to prevent flash floods and geological disasters that may be caused by heavy precipitation.

It’s a medium-sized suv. I wonder how much you know about it. So whether this car is a mule or a horse, let’s take a look at its actual performance.

First look at the appearance of Ford electric horse. The head of Ford electric horse is very dynamic and lively, and looks more dynamic and lively. Coupled with tough headlights, it is in line with consumers’ aesthetics. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the car side, the car body size is 4730MM*1886MM*1613MM. The car adopts solid lines, and the car side looks very simple, with large-sized thick-walled tires, and smooth lines run through the whole car side. In terms of the rear end, the tail line of Ford electric carriage is simple, and the taillights give people a very soft feeling, and the shape is more angular.

Sitting in the car, the interior style is very avant-garde and the overall shape is remarkable. The steering wheel shape of the car is eye-catching, and it is made of leather, which gives people a good grip experience. From the central control point of view, the design of the center console is reasonable, which makes the interior design quite layered and conforms to the mainstream aesthetics. The dashboard and seats give people a good feeling, too. Let’s take a look. It looks like a strong sense of technology. The car adopts leather-like seats, equipped with electric adjustment of auxiliary seats, electric adjustment of seats with memory, and seat proportion tilting, and the comfort is acceptable.

Ford electric horse is equipped with a motor with a total power of 359KW and a total torque of 860N.m It has good acceleration, excellent cruising range and good power performance.

Ford electric horse trunk is well-behaved in conventional space, and there is no problem in daily use. In addition, the car is equipped with fatigue warning, anti-lock braking (ABS), LED daytime running lights, brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.), braking force distribution (EBD) main driving airbag, co-pilot airbag, knee airbag, side airbag curtain, front side airbag and other safety configurations.

Such a car with the right price is enough to meet the daily practical needs, and it doesn’t take much thought to maintain it at ordinary times, and the cost performance is good. If you are interested, you might as well experience it.

　　A 30-cm-wide road behind the house almost became a permanent pain in parents’ hearts.

　　At 6 o’clock in the evening the day before yesterday, a little girl less than 3 years old in Lin ‘an, Hangzhou, took this road, turned and went away … … She may have been attracted by the bamboo shoots that just popped up by the roadside. She walked and watched, and went further and further, plowing roads and loess roads. At last she got lost, which was a mountain she had never been to.

　　Fortunately, at 9 o’clock yesterday morning after a whole night, she was found by search and rescue personnel, unhurt and in a normal mood. She was even asleep when she was found.

　　Grandparents, mom and dad, and grandma who arrived from Yiwu cried like tears.

　　Nearly 1000 people participated in the search and rescue of the little girl, and a large number of them went spontaneously after seeing the news on the Internet. How did a three-year-old girl get lost? How did she come over on a cold night in the mountains?

　　7 minutes

　　3-year-old girl disappeared

　　Li Yue (a pseudonym) arrived at her mother’s house in Luojiwu Natural Village, Langjia Village, Lin ‘an, Hangzhou at noon on March 27th with her daughter Duoduo (a pseudonym) who is less than 3 years old. A few days ago, she made an appointment with her mother to make Qingming Guo (a kind of food) — — Making rice dumplings is a way for every family to live in Tomb-Sweeping Day.

　　At 6: 00 pm, villager Jiang Zhongxiao went to work at night shift. When he passed by, he saw Duo Duo playing at the door, with rice husk in his hand.

　　"The adults are here, and my mother also urges me to eat early so that I can take my children back early." In pheasant dock village, Li Yue told Qianbao that she went to add a bowl of rice and just ate a few mouthfuls, only to find that many were gone. Hurry out and look for it, there are few places that I often go to.

　　At 6: 13 in the evening, she called the police.

　　Jiang Zhongxiao saw that there was a difference of 7 minutes between a lot of time and the alarm time.

　　Where can a 3-year-old child go in these 7 minutes?

　　On the evening of March 27, the news of finding a 4-year-old girl lost in Qingshanhu Street in Lin ‘an was screened in the WeChat circle of friends. Qianjiang evening news APP "Zhejiang 24 Hours" also immediately pushed "4-year-old Lin ‘an girl lost for 6 hours, help turn! Contact Lin ‘an Public Security 61106110》&mdash clues & mdash; — Up to now, this news has been read nearly 450 thousand times.

　　Many enthusiastic people rushed to pheasant dock village one after another, and the search team has rapidly increased from dozens to two or three hundred.

　　"First, look inside and outside the village, empty houses, ditches beside houses, and other places where children may go." The relevant person in charge of the village Committee of pheasant dock village said that almost all the people in the village, men, women and children, participated, and the police of the local Qingshan police station did not sleep all night.

　　Some people are worried about whether the child has suffered a more serious accident. Taking advantage of the night, several people searched separately, and some of them focused on ponds and reservoirs around the village.

　　Zhou Yong, director of Qingshan Police Station of Lin ‘an District Public Security Bureau, stayed up all night, and his voice was extremely tired. "I received an alarm at 6: 13 pm on March 27. In fact, the worst plan was made at the beginning. " He said that the worst consequences that children may encounter include being trafficked and being violated.

　　After receiving the alarm, the first wave of 15 policemen who searched quickly set off, and the video group also began to analyze and investigate the surveillance videos near the jurisdiction that day.

　　At 7 o’clock that night, Zhou Yong reported to the District Public Security Bureau, and the community streets were linked at the same time, and the Criminal Investigation Brigade also rushed to the scene. At 8 o’clock in the evening, more than 40 police officers of Qingshan Police Station were all involved in the search (except the personnel on duty). At 10 o’clock in the evening, two emergency rescue teams in Lin ‘an and Fuyang rushed to the incident site with professional equipment. At 12 o’clock in the evening, search and rescue dogs joined the search team.

　　According to the villagers, the total number of people on the scene at that time exceeded 300 (there were more than 1,000 participants before and after), and the carpet search was spread out.

　　Get lost on the mountain with seven turns and eight bends

　　She slept alone by the wild grave all night.

　　Good news came early on March 28th! On the basis of a large number of investigations by the public security department, the emergency rescue commando team first discovered a lot.

　　"At 8: 50 in the morning, I saw something moving 70 or 80 meters away. Looking closer, the little girl covered her head with clothes and was sleeping on the grass." The first child was Mr. Miao of Fuyang Xincheng Emergency Rescue Commando. He said that the child’s little feet that moved from time to time caught his attention.

　　"I woke her up, and she didn’t cry, so she said she wanted to find her mother. It’s so happy, the child is safe and everything seems to be normal. "

　　At noon on March 28, Qianbao reporter saw a lot. She pestered her mother for a hug and almost forgot what happened the night before.

　　"Sleeping in one place, there are very big stones and very small bamboo, which can talk." She said to Qianbao reporter with her hand, with a naive face. She said she left by herself, and it got dark when she walked, and then she went to sleep.

　　With the encouragement of my mother, I took everyone again — — She came out from home, walked a few meters, turned left on a road only 30 centimeters wide, turned right on a dirt road after 300 meters, and turned right again after 50 meters — — It’s hard to walk, there are puddles and mud, keep walking, walking, walking … …

　　The 3-year-old Duo Duo has limited language skills and can’t describe the details accurately, but she still took us to a hillside — — It is about 1 km away from the village where Duoduo’s grandmother lives, and it takes nearly 30 minutes for adults to walk.

　　"Look, isn’t there a big stone there? Just sleep here." The place with many fingers is a graveyard, and there are two shoes left by her in the haystack. "It’s so cold."

　　"Yes, this pair of shoes is a lot." Mother Li Yue’s eyes are red again. Self-reproach, guilt, the night’s suffering and the luck that finally arrived made her unable to imagine her daughter’s night’s experience, and even more made her speechless.

　　A lot of safe return made many people who participated in the search and rescue shed tears.

　　Fortunately, the most worrying thing didn’t happen.

　　As of press time, the police have not found any suspicious people or cars entering the village, nor have they found any evidence that the girl was controlled. She should have lost herself.

The terrorist attacks in Russia shocked the world and made Russian anti-terrorism forces the focus of discussion.

According to CCTV news reported on March 26, local time, on March 26, the Russian Federal Security Service announced that it had foiled a terrorist attack that was planned to be carried out in a humanitarian relief material receiving station in Samara. Bortnikov, director of the Russian Federal Security Service, said that Russia still faces a terrorist threat.

On the evening of March 22, local time, a terrorist attack took place in the "Saffron City Hall" in Moscow, Russia. According to the statistics of the Russian investigation Committee, the attack has caused 143 deaths and 182 injuries, and the concert hall building was burned in the fire. This is the most serious terrorist attack in Russia in the past two decades. Soon after, Russian military and police personnel, including Chechen special forces, quickly took action and completed the interception and arrest when the murderer was about 100 kilometers away from the Ukrainian border in Bryansk State.

In order to deal with terrorism, Russia has set up several special operations forces that are very professional and have strong combat effectiveness, and carried out work according to the characteristics of anti-terrorism operations.

The professional anti-terrorism force born of terrorist attacks

Russia has long been threatened by terrorism. In the mid-1990s, terrorist activities in Russia became increasingly rampant and showed an upward trend. In the early 21st century, it reached an unprecedented scale, and terrorist attacks with global significance such as Beslan hostage incident occurred at this stage. Terrorists from Chechnya, Central Asia and Afghanistan entered Russia to spread terrorism, extremism and separatism, recruit members and plan terrorist activities.

In order to deal with the threat of terrorism, Russia has been paying more attention to the construction of anti-terrorism mechanism, and at the same time, it has intensified its efforts to crack down on terrorist activities. At present, it has formed a relatively solid foundation of anti-terrorism laws and regulations, and established a vertical command and coordination system for anti-terrorism operations. At the same time, Russia also attaches great importance to the implementation of anti-terrorism operations, and has established several special combat forces with very professional and strong combat effectiveness to carry out work according to the characteristics of anti-terrorism operations.

At present, Russia’s special anti-terrorism forces mainly include the General Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, the Alpha and the Signal Flag, and the Russian Federal Internal Security Forces, among which the Alpha and the Signal Flag belong to the Federal Security Administration and the Internal Security Forces belong to the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Among them, the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, also known as Gruu, claims to be the most confidential department of Russian intelligence agencies. On October 21, 1918, at Trotsky’s suggestion, Lenin signed an order to formally set up the registration department under the Field General Staff of the Revolutionary Military Commission of the Republic to lead the military intelligence work on all fronts of the Red Army in a unified way, with Simon Ivanovich Aranov, who was born in Cheka, as the first minister. The story of "Gruwu" begins, and November 5 every year is designated as the anniversary of the establishment of "Gruwu". Unlike the KGB (the KGB was split into two parts after the disintegration of the Soviet Union: the Federal Security Service and the Foreign Intelligence Service), Gruwu did not sink after the disintegration of the Soviet Union and still played an important role in the armed forces of the Russian Federation. On November 5, 2006, on the 88th anniversary of the founding of Grupo, the new headquarters of Grupo in Moscow was officially opened.

The specific establishment and tasks of the special operations forces under the "Gruu" remain a mystery until today. It is reported that there are currently 24 well-trained special assault brigades in Gruu, with a total number of about 30,000 people. Its main task is to deter and prevent sudden attacks and strike behind enemy lines. Its main base is located in Chuchikovo, Ryazan, Russia. From the two wars in Chechnya to the little green men in Crimea, to the armed conflict in eastern Ukraine and the civil war in Syria, there are "Gruu" special forces. It is generally believed that on April 21, 1996, it was the "Gruu" special forces that provided accurate strike guidance on the spot, which enabled two Russian Su -25 fighters to launch missiles and successfully killed Chechen rebel leader dudayev, who was making a mobile phone call to the outside world.

In recent ten years, the actions against other Chechen rebel leaders, such as basaev, maskhadov and others, are basically recognized by the outside world as being related to "Gruwu". At the end of 2015, five Russian special forces were killed in combat operations in Syria. Although Russian officials once denied it, it is generally believed that these people are soldiers of Gruu. In the centennial celebration speech in 2018, Putin fully affirmed the role played by Gruu in Syria in the past few years, pointing out that Gruu provided vital target information and other intelligence for the Russian army to crack down on extremist organizations in Syria.

Both "Alpha" and "Signal Flag" special forces belong to the Federal Security Administration. The two armies have made great achievements in the hostage incident in the theater of Moscow Bearing Factory and the hostage incident in Beslan, which has attracted the attention of Russia and abroad.

The purpose of "Alpha" special forces is mainly to engage in anti-terrorism activities in Russia and deal with terrorism such as hostage-taking and bomb-planting. Its history can be traced back to 1974. It was originally called "KGB Group A" and was renamed "Alpha" in 1991. "Alpha" special forces are carefully selected from national security organs, airborne troops, border guards and military school graduates. In addition to being physically strong and responsive, they also need to pass intelligence tests.

The unit has now become the backbone of Russia’s counter-terrorism. In 1993, the terrorist Zaharijev hijacked a Russian civil aviation Il -86 passenger plane. Alpha was ordered to go out, sneaked into the cabin from the cargo hold at night, and quickly subdued the gangsters. Zaharijev was captured on the spot, and the plane and passengers were all safe. In a hijacking incident in 1997, "Alpha" once again captured the gangster alive, and all 142 passengers were safe and sound.

Among the anti-terrorism forces, the "Alpha" and "Signal Flag" special forces are two well-known forces, both of which belong to the Federal Security Administration.

The main task of the "signal flag" special forces is to carry out the security work of Russian institutions abroad, including anti-sabotage, anti-espionage, anti-subversion and defending the leaders. The "signal flag" special forces was established in 1981, initially under the KGB Anti-Spy Bureau, and then disbanded and reorganized in 1993. It is reported that the "signal flag" special forces usually carry out activities in classes, and the number of people in each class ranges from 10 to 30. When the situation is urgent, several classes can be quickly combined to form a larger force.

According to the data, during the war in Afghanistan, the "signal flag" has been active, and every province in Afghanistan has its action team. In addition, "Signal Flag" has conducted similar activities in Cuba, Syria, Vietnam, Mozambique, Angola and Nicaragua. In 1992, 10 members of the "signal flag" subdued 14 armed thugs in 10 seconds at the "three stations" subway station in Moscow, and seized $1 million in counterfeit US dollars. In 1993, the "signal flag" special forces successfully stopped a premeditated terrorist explosion outside Yekaterinburg. On July 16, 2023, five Russian "signal flag" special forces went deep behind enemy lines and carried out sabotage operations on an underground ammunition depot in Odessa.

The special forces of the internal affairs forces of the Russian Federation are under the jurisdiction of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, mainly including the 604 Special Operations Center, Rosic and other special forces. Among them, the 604 Special Operations Center was formed by the merger of the "Warrior" special forces and the "Ross" special forces. It is the core of the special forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and is responsible for counter-terrorism and other tasks such as responding to domestic riots and prison riots. The special forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs have also made great achievements in many anti-terrorist operations, including the hostage incident in the Grand Theatre of Moscow Bearing Factory, and they also belong to one of the backbone of Russian anti-terrorist operations.

After the outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, Russian anti-terrorism forces also participated, which affected the domestic anti-terrorism capability to some extent. Although Russia discloses little information, it is generally believed that the fierce conflict between Russia and Ukraine has contained Russia’s anti-terrorism forces. According to media reports, on July 16, 2023, five Russian "signal flag" special forces went deep behind enemy lines and carried out sabotage operations on an underground ammunition depot in Odessa. It was reported that the Russian army had attacked the facility with cruise missiles before, but it was unsuccessful. In order to completely destroy the underground ammunition depot, the Russian army sent a sabotage team behind the enemy lines composed of five special warfare players to secretly approach the target and launch a surprise attack. After killing several defenders, the Russian army installed a timed explosive device to blow up the ammunition depot, and then all the staff returned to the station safely.

A rising star of Chechen special forces

In addition to the above troops, the Chechen special forces involved in the arrest of the suspects of the "concert hall terrorist attack" are also a rising star in the Russian anti-terrorism field.

After the Chechen war ended in 2001, local terrorist activities were very active. In order to effectively crack down on terrorist activities carried out by illegal organizations, while sending a large number of federal troops, the Russian central government also agreed to set up local armed forces subordinate to local leaders.

In order to stabilize the domestic situation, Chechen leader Kadyrov recruited 7,000-14,000 separatist militants in 2002 -2005, and incorporated some of them into the security department of the Republic. Only the independent patrol team of the Chechen Ministry of Internal Affairs has 10 companies (about 4,000 people). In order to effectively carry out anti-terrorism operations, Kadyrov established the Northern Battalion and the Southern Battalion in 2006. The Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs gave them the official designations of Independent Special Battalion 248 and 249, and the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs also allocated 2 billion rubles for them. After the establishment of the two battalions, they were controlled by the 46th Mobu Brigade stationed in Chechnya by the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs. Each battalion consists of three patrol companies, one reconnaissance company and one support unit, and the support unit consists of medical platoon, communication platoon and technical support platoon. The total number of the two battalions is more than 1,200, including more than 700 in the northern battalion, which is stationed in Grozny, the capital of the Chechen Republic, mainly to protect the security of the capital, and more than 500 in the southern battalion, which is stationed in Vijno area, which is adjacent to the Republic of Dagestan. The local terrorist activities are very active and cracked down.

At present, the "Ahmat" rapid reaction special force is a well-known Chechen unit, which belongs to the National Guard of the Russian Federation and is deployed in Chechnya. It was named "Ahmat" to commemorate the first Chechen President akhmad kadyrov. This special force was established in 2009, and its commander is the Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs of the Chechen Republic, Apti Arnold. After the Russian-Ukrainian military conflict broke out in February 2022, the "Ahmat" special forces participated in the war against Ukraine and achieved some results.

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the main objectives and tasks of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" were successfully completed, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation took a big step forward. Premier Li Keqiang pointed out in his government work report in 2021 that during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China’s economic and social development made new historic achievements. Ten sets of tax data fully reflect this point.  

In the past five years, the total tax reduction and fee reduction has exceeded 7.6 trillion yuan   The macro tax burden is decreasing year by year.

The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that tax reduction and fee reduction policies and measures should take root and let enterprises go into battle lightly. This year’s government work report showed the transcripts of tax reduction and fee reduction in 2020, which reduced the burden on market players by more than 2.6 trillion yuan, including 1.7 trillion yuan in social security fees. Statistics from the State Administration of Taxation show that during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the scale of new tax reduction and fee reduction in five years totaled more than 7.6 trillion yuan.

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council accurately implemented counter-cyclical economic adjustment and introduced a series of tax reduction and fee reduction policies in an orderly manner. In 2016-2018, we will comprehensively push forward the pilot reform of the camp, degenerate and reduce the value-added tax rate, and raise the standard of individual tax deduction. In 2019, a larger scale of tax reduction and fee reduction will be implemented. In 2020, seven batches of 28 preferential tax and fee policies will be introduced to support epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development. With the implementation of a series of tax reduction and fee reduction policies by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, China’s macro tax burden (that is, the proportion of tax revenue to GDP in general public budget revenue) was 17.47%, 17.35%, 17.01% and 16.02% respectively from 2016 to 2019, and further decreased to 15.2% in 2020, compared with 18% in 2015 at the end of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.

Support for innovation and tax reduction totaled over 2.5 trillion yuan   Cultivate and expand new kinetic energy

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that independent innovation is an urgent requirement and an important support to promote high-quality development and kinetic energy conversion. We must create conditions and atmosphere, mobilize the enthusiasm of innovation in all aspects, and make every innovation fully generate. In this year’s government work report, Premier Li Keqiang pointed out that during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China achieved fruitful results in building an innovative country. In recent years, the tax policies supporting scientific and technological innovation have been continuously optimized and improved, and the intensity of tax incentives for innovation has been continuously increased, which has effectively promoted enterprises to increase investment in R&D and guided innovative resources to gather in enterprises, which has played an important role in promoting the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy and the construction of an innovative country.

According to the tax data, during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the tax reduction and exemption amount of China’s tax policy to encourage scientific and technological innovation increased by 28.5% annually, and the accumulated tax reduction in five years was 2.54 trillion yuan. Tax incentives are more beneficial to manufacturing and high-tech service industries. Manufacturing, information transmission and information technology service industries, scientific research and technical service industries enjoy tax reductions totaling nearly 90%.

From the breakdown data, the number of enterprises enjoying the R&D expenses plus deduction policy in China has increased from 53,000 in 2015 to 339,000 in 2019, an increase of 5.4 times in five years; The tax reduction and exemption increased from 72.6 billion yuan to 355.2 billion yuan, and reached 360 billion yuan in 2020, with an average annual increase of 37.8%. The deduction of R&D expenses continued to increase, which effectively stimulated the R&D investment and innovation vitality of enterprises. The national R&D investment increased from 1.42 trillion yuan in 2015 to 2.44 trillion yuan in 2020, achieving double-digit annual growth and becoming the second largest R&D investment country in the world.

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the support of various policies, including tax incentives, continued to increase, which effectively promoted the vigorous development of the new economy and new kinetic energy and accelerated the construction of a modern industrial system. According to the tax data, the industries related to the digital economy are growing rapidly. From 2016 to 2020, the tax revenue will grow at an average annual rate of 7.2%, which is 3 percentage points faster than the national overall level. According to the data of VAT invoices, during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, the sales revenue of leading enterprises in the "four basics" industries such as core basic parts, advanced basic processes, key basic materials and industrial technology foundations increased from 1.09 trillion yuan in 2017 to 1.47 trillion yuan in 2020, with an average annual growth rate of 10.8%. The sales revenue of China’s high-tech industry increased by 21.3% annually, which was 5.1 percentage points higher than the national average, among which the sales revenue of high-tech service industry increased by 28% annually, which was 11.8 percentage points higher than the national average.

The green tax system is constantly improving   The comprehensive energy consumption intensity of key tax source enterprises decreased by 6.6%.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that it is necessary to firmly establish the concept of Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, promote green development, and fight for the defense of blue sky, clear water and pure land. This year’s government work report summarizes the achievements of China’s green development during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, pointing out that China’s pollution prevention and control efforts have increased, the efficiency of resource and energy utilization has improved significantly, and the ecological environment has improved significantly. In the process of promoting green development, the green tax system plays an important role. Since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", focusing on the implementation of new development concepts, China has accelerated the reform of resource tax and environmental protection tax, promoted the rational development and utilization of resources and the clean and energy-saving production of enterprises, and successively issued a series of preferential policies, such as tax relief to support emission reduction and tax credit for equipment investment, to guide enterprises to increase green investment and take the initiative in green transformation, to accelerate the development of green industries and to help build a beautiful China.

In July 2016, the reform of resource tax ad valorem was pushed forward in an all-round way, and a direct linkage mechanism between tax revenue and resource price was established, which better played the role of tax adjustment and promoted the rational development and sustainable utilization of resources. During the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, the resource tax revenue totaled 750.9 billion yuan, an increase of 62.3% over the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, including 175.5 billion yuan in 2020, an increase of 72 billion yuan over 2015, with an average annual growth rate of 11.1%. In particular, the reform of water resource tax has optimized the water use structure and effectively curbed groundwater overexploitation. In 2020, the proportion of groundwater consumption in 10 pilot provinces such as Beijing and Hebei was 33.5%, which was 8 percentage points lower than that in 2016 before the reform. In the pilot provinces, the taxable groundwater intake in the over-exploited area in 2020 decreased by 19.3% compared with that in 2016; Since the reform, more than 8,000 taxpayers in the pilot provinces have stopped pumping groundwater and switched to surface water or tap water, shutting down more than 14,000 self-prepared wells.

The newly levied environmental protection tax has established a tax adjustment mechanism of "more emissions and more levies, less emissions and less levies, no emissions and no levies", and given tax relief incentives for low-standard emissions and centralized management, which effectively promoted the improvement of the ecological environment and green development. From 2018 to 2020, the environmental protection tax has accumulated to 63.15 billion yuan. In 2020, the emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, the main air pollutants of taxpayers paying environmental protection taxes, decreased by 42.5% and 28.7% respectively compared with 2017 before the reform; The chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions of major water pollutants decreased by 54.5% and 35% respectively compared with 2017 before the reform.

According to the tax data, during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the amount of corporate income tax reduction by implementing investment credit policies including environmental protection equipment nationwide increased from 2.33 billion yuan in 2015 to 3.35 billion yuan in 2019, and it is expected to reach 3.5 billion yuan in 2020, with an average annual growth rate of 8.5%. This policy effectively guides enterprises to increase investment in technological transformation and environmental protection equipment. Since 2017, the invoice amount of environmental protection equipment purchased by enterprises nationwide has increased by 14.6% annually. The amount of preferential tax reduction for supporting emission reduction will increase by 7.2% in 2019 and 6% in 2020. Correspondingly, the comprehensive energy consumption intensity (per standard coal/operating income) of key tax source enterprises nationwide will decrease by 6.6% year-on-year. The increase and decrease reflect the positive incentive effect of tax reduction and exemption policies that guide environmental protection, and effectively play the positive role of tax leverage in controlling pollutant discharge.

The tax incentives for helping the poor increase by over 30% annually & ENSP; Helping to win the battle against poverty has achieved remarkable results.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader solemnly declared at the national summary and commendation meeting on poverty alleviation that China has won a comprehensive victory in the fight against poverty. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the tax authorities focused on the key areas and key links of poverty alleviation, such as ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation, employment of poor people, and poverty alleviation donations, and continuously increased tax policy support, fully released the tax reduction and fee reduction bonus, and supported the poverty alleviation. The amount of tax preferential policy relief increased from 26.3 billion yuan in 2015 to 74.2 billion yuan in 2019 and reached 102.2 billion yuan in 2020, with an average annual increase of 30.6%, making a positive contribution to resolutely winning the fight against poverty.

With the help of various precise poverty alleviation policies, poverty alleviation has achieved remarkable results, and the economy in poverty-stricken areas has accelerated. From the data of VAT invoices, from 2016 to 2020, the sales revenue of enterprises in 832 uncapped state-level poverty-stricken counties maintained rapid growth, with an average annual growth rate of 14.6%. Among them, the growth rate in 2016-2018 was 18.6%, 11.7% and 8.5% respectively, and it increased to 18.7% in 2019. Although affected by the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020, it still maintained the level of 15.9%, which was 9.9 percentage points higher than the national average, reflecting the good development trend of enterprises in poverty-stricken counties.

Tax data show that leading enterprises in poverty alleviation have a good momentum of development. Since 2016, the total profits of leading enterprises in poverty alleviation have increased by 43.9% annually, and the average profit per household has expanded from 1.08 million yuan in 2015 to 6.73 million yuan in 2020. The profit rate of enterprise sales will increase from 10.4% in 2015 to 15.4% in 2020, among which the manufacturing industry and wholesale and retail industry will increase from 9.5% and 3.3% to 9.9% and 4.3% respectively. Judging from the number of leading poverty alleviation enterprises with annual profits exceeding 10 million yuan, the number of households in 2020 is 5.1 times that of 2015.

The newly established tax-related market entities have increased by over 10 million households annually   Entrepreneurial vitality is effectively stimulated

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that the market subject is the carrier of economic strength, and protecting the market subject means protecting social productive forces. We must do everything possible to protect market players and accumulate basic strength for economic development. Premier Li Keqiang emphasized that staying in the green hills will win the future. In recent years, large-scale tax reduction and fee reduction have deepened the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, and the business environment has been continuously optimized, which has stimulated the vitality of market players and effectively promoted "mass entrepreneurship and innovation", and a large number of new market players have emerged. Statistics from the State Administration of Taxation show that during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the number of tax-related market entities newly established in China increased by over 10 million every year, showing the characteristics of high activity, strong vitality and good growth, which effectively promoted the sustainable development of economy and society.

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the number of tax-related market entities newly established in China totaled 57.453 million, an increase of 26.074 million or 83.1% over the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period. In the same period, 24.039 million tax-related market entities were cancelled nationwide, which was offset by the cancellation of new offices. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, there were 33.414 million tax-related market entities nationwide, an increase of 77.3% compared with the end of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan".

From the perspective of sub-industries, the proportion of modern service industry in the newly-established tax-related market has increased significantly, and the proportion of labor-intensive industries has decreased year by year. During the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, the proportion of newly established tax-related market entities in modern service industries such as leasing and business services, scientific research and technical services, information transmission and information technology services increased from 10%, 3.9% and 2.8% in 2015 to 13.7%, 5.5% and 3.8% in 2020 respectively. The proportion of newly established tax-related market entities in labor-intensive industries such as wholesale and retail, accommodation and catering is decreasing year by year, from 43.4% and 12.7% in 2015 to 37.3% and 7.6% in 2020 respectively.

The proportion of tertiary industry tax revenue increased to 58.1%  The development of new technology service industry was accelerated.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure is a key measure to improve the comprehensive competitiveness of China’s economy. According to the tax data, during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, with the continuous improvement of the quality of China’s economic development, the tax revenue of the tertiary industry has steadily increased from 56.5% in 2016 to 58.1% in 2020, which is 3.3 percentage points higher than that in 2015 at the end of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period. Emerging industries have become a new growth point of tax revenue. The sales revenue of information transmission, software and information technology services has increased by 21.2% annually, which is significantly higher than the national overall level. The annual tax revenue has increased by 12.5%, which is 8.2 percentage points faster than the national tax revenue growth rate.

The private economy is developing rapidly   Sales revenue increased by 17.7% annually.

The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the development of private economy. On November 1, 2018, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized at the private enterprise forum that China’s private economy can only grow and not weaken. Premier Li Keqiang pointed out that efforts should be made to support the development of private enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises. Statistics from the State Administration of Taxation show that during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, there were 56.005 million tax-related market entities in the newly-established private economy, accounting for 97.5% of all newly-established tax-related market entities, and its proportion increased year by year, from 96.3% in 2015 to 98.7% in 2020, becoming the main force of newly-established tax-related market entities.

The data of VAT invoice shows that the private economy developed rapidly during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. From 2016 to 2020, the sales revenue of private economy increased by 17.7% annually, which was 1.5 percentage points higher than the national average. Among them, private enterprises and individual businesses grew rapidly, with an average annual growth rate of 22.5% and 20% respectively. The tax contribution of the private economy is also constantly improving. In 2020, the tax paid by the private economy accounted for 60.1% of the national tax revenue, an increase of 8.6 percentage points compared with 51.5% in 2015, which became an important support for stabilizing the national tax revenue.

From the perspective of sub-industries, the private manufacturing industry continues to grow and develop, and the proportion of sales revenue continues to increase. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the sales revenue of manufacturing private enterprises increased by 14.7% annually, and the proportion of sales revenue increased by 6.7 percentage points. Private economy is the power source of economic endogenous growth, and this structural change also reflects the gradual shift of manufacturing industry to endogenous growth.

As the main force of China’s scientific and technological innovation, the private economy has continuously enhanced its innovation ability. Especially after the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader delivered an important speech at the private enterprise forum at the end of 2018, private enterprises have been innovative and energetic in generate, and their development has accelerated. According to the tax data, the proportion of private high-tech enterprises in the national high-tech enterprises increased from 92.1% in 2018 to 92.4% in 2020, and the proportion of private high-tech enterprises in the national high-tech enterprises increased from 66.2% in 2018 to 70% in 2020.

Manufacturing sales revenue increased by 11.2% annually & ENSP; High-tech manufacturing industry continues to grow and develop.

Manufacturing is the foundation of a country and a strong country. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made a series of important instructions on the transformation and upgrading of "Made in China", emphasizing the high-quality development of manufacturing industry in a more prominent position. Premier Li Keqiang called for strengthening the industrial foundation, especially the manufacturing foundation, and expanding new kinetic energy. According to the data of VAT invoice, China’s manufacturing industry continued to grow and develop during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, especially the high-tech manufacturing industry achieved rapid development, and the integration of manufacturing industry with information technology and science and technology service industry promoted each other. From 2016 to 2020, the sales revenue of manufacturing enterprises in China increased by 11.2% annually. High-tech manufacturing industry is the highlight of manufacturing industry development during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, and the cumulative sales revenue has more than doubled, with an average annual growth rate of 15.1%. Some key products of automation, digitalization and intelligence have achieved breakthroughs, and their sales revenues have increased substantially. For example, the sales revenues of key products such as robots, industrial control systems, integrated circuits and optoelectronic devices have all exceeded 2 times, and the sales revenues of important equipment such as medical diagnostic equipment and new energy vehicles have also increased more than 2 times.

The tax revenue in the central and western regions accounts for more than 30%   Regional development is more coordinated.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that China’s economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, which has put forward new requirements for coordinated regional development. This year’s government work report pointed out that during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, major regional strategies were solidly promoted. Tax data show that regional development is more coordinated. From 2016 to 2020, the proportion of tax revenue in the central region increased from 15.6% to 16.5%, an increase of 0.9 percentage points; The proportion of tax revenue in the western region increased from 18.4% to 19%, an increase of 0.6 percentage points, and the total proportion in the central and western regions was 35.5%, an increase of 1.5 percentage points, further narrowing the gap with the eastern region.

Since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", China’s regional tax policy system has been continuously optimized and accurately exerted, which has played an important role in promoting the coordinated development of the eastern and western regions. Two rounds of preferential policies for the development of the western region have promoted the development of markets, industries and enterprises in the western region. The threshold of the third round of preferential tax policies implemented from 2021 will be further lowered, which will benefit more market players. The amount of corporate income tax reduced by preferential policies for the development of the western region increased from 52.85 billion yuan in 2015 to 100.69 billion yuan in 2019, and remained at 100 billion yuan in 2020, with an average annual growth rate of 13.6%.

With the support of various policies, including tax policy, the regional development strategy has achieved remarkable results. The VAT invoice data shows that since the second quarter of 2020, the economy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has continued to recover, showing strong development resilience. The sales revenue of enterprises in 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt increased by 6.2% year-on-year, 0.2 percentage points higher than the national overall level, accounting for 46.5% of the national sales revenue. The sales revenue of industrial enterprises increased by 4.1% year-on-year, which was 1.4 percentage points higher than the overall level of industrial enterprises in China. The sales revenue of core industries of digital economy increased by 15.4% year-on-year, which was 3.6 percentage points higher than the overall level of core industries of digital economy in China.

The accumulated export tax rebate exceeds 7 trillion yuan   In order to stabilize foreign trade, "come on and run"

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to promote the innovation and development of foreign trade and promote a higher level of opening up. Foreign trade is an important part of China’s open economy and an important driving force for national economic development. In order to further expand opening to the outside world and stabilize the basic foreign trade, during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, China repeatedly raised the export tax rebate rate to help enterprises cope with the impact of Sino-US trade friction and the negative impact of the global epidemic. According to statistics, in the past five years, the total export tax rebate has increased from 1,174.2 billion yuan in 2016 to 1,454.9 billion yuan in 2020, with an average annual increase of 2.6%. In the past five years, the accumulated export tax rebate has been 7,073.6 billion yuan, which effectively reduced the cost of foreign trade enterprises and promoted the steady growth of foreign trade exports.

At the same time, the tax authorities have promoted a number of facilitation measures in a coordinated manner, continuously simplified the tax refund process, compressed the time limit for tax refund processing, and accelerated the progress of export tax refund. The average processing time for normal export tax refund in China has been reduced from 13 working days in 2018 to 10 working days in 2019, and then reduced to 8 working days in 2020, thus alleviating the pressure on enterprises to occupy funds.

The "14th Five-Year Plan" has been launched, and the tax authorities will continue to adhere to the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, conscientiously implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, base themselves on the new development stage, implement the new development concept and serve the new development pattern, promote the tax modernization in the new development stage with high quality, and give full play to the basic, pillar and supportive role of taxation in state governance. At the same time, we will further make full use of tax big data, fully reflect the economic and social development in a timely manner, make suggestions for the decision-making of party committees and governments at all levels, and contribute more tax power to building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.

Illustration: Ten sets of tax data reflect new historical achievements in China’s economic and social development during the 13 th Five-Year Plan period

　　It is precisely because of this that we can see that there are at least four species of hominids in four genera (there are four genera and seven species of hominids living now), namely chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas and orangutans. How far are they from reality? What is the original habit? Can orangutans really speak human words? Please talk nonsense with our ape species, starting with the orangutan species.

When it comes to Caesar, you have to mention the action to capture the first person, andy serkis

Chief Caesar — — chimpanzee

In the second film, Caesar the chimpanzee also has his own wife and children.

This "request" gesture is a way for low-level people to show their respect to high-level people.

The orangutan army facing mankind