Looking forward to deepening the reform of science and technology system and promoting the integrated development of science and technology innovation and industrial innovation
The competition of science and technology among big countries is not only the competition of hard power of science and technology, but also the competition of organization mode and governance mode of science and technology innovation. We must use perfect systems to prevent and resolve risks, effectively respond to challenges, and accelerate the realization of high-level science and technology self-reliance and self-improvement.
◇The basis of the integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation is to increase the supply of high-quality science and technology. The key to the integration is to strengthen the main position of scientific and technological innovation in enterprises, and the way of integration is to promote the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements.
◇Give full play to the strong engine and strategic supporting role of scientific and technological innovation, promote the deep integration and development of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, and embark on a new road of innovation and development from strong science and technology to strong industry and economy.
Text | Li Qingshan
At the Institute of Microsatellite Innovation of China Academy of Sciences, researchers are doing the thermal test of Einstein probe satellite (photo taken on July 20, 2023). Photo courtesy of the Institute of Microsatellite Innovation of China Academy of Sciences.
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese-style Modernization (hereinafter referred to as the Decision) adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee profoundly expounded the great significance and overall requirements of further comprehensively deepening reform and promoting Chinese-style modernization, sketched out the strategic measures to comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization, and was a programmatic document guiding further comprehensively deepening reform in the new journey, which was of epoch-making great significance. The "Decision" makes arrangements for deepening the reform of the science and technology system, emphasizes strengthening the overall planning and strength organization of innovation resources, and promotes the integrated development of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. It has pointed out the way forward and provided a fundamental follow-up for China to further promote high-level science and technology self-reliance and accelerate the construction of a world science and technology power.
Accurately understanding change, scientifically adapting to change and actively seeking change.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has placed scientific and technological innovation at the core of the overall development of the country, attached great importance to it, and emphasized that the key to Chinese modernization lies in scientific and technological modernization, and realizing high-level scientific and technological self-reliance is the key to Chinese modernization. This is a major decision-making arrangement made by the CPC Central Committee from the reality, insight into the general trend of the times, grasping the historical initiative, and constantly creating a new situation in Chinese modernization. We should profoundly understand and accurately grasp the great significance and historical mission of promoting scientific and technological modernization.
Accurately recognize changes and gain insight into the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation. At present, scientific development has entered the era of great science, technological innovation has entered an unprecedented intensive and active period, and engineering technology has become an important engine to promote the development of human society. A new generation of information technology, represented by artificial intelligence, has become the core driving force, with the acceleration of group breakthroughs in many fields, the unprecedented integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, and the deep integration of innovation chain’s industrial chain, capital chain and talent chain, which have profoundly changed the production and lifestyle of human society and promoted the transformation of production relations. At present and in the future, it is a crucial period to comprehensively promote the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese modernization. We must seize the historical opportunity of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, enhance the leading force of China’s scientific and technological competitiveness with a more sound system and mechanism, form a new advantage of systematic competition, and seize the opportunity in reshaping the global innovation map and economic structure.
Scientific adaptation, grasping the key to the breakthrough of self-reliance and self-improvement of high-level science and technology The great changes in the world today have accelerated their evolution, the international pattern and system are undergoing profound adjustments, the global governance system is undergoing profound changes, and the international power balance is undergoing the most revolutionary changes in modern times. The changes in the world, the times and history have profoundly affected the global order and development pattern. Scientific and technological innovation has become the main battlefield of the international strategic game. The competition around the commanding heights of science and technology is unprecedented fierce, and external containment such as "decoupling and breaking chains" and "small courtyard and high wall" has brought severe challenges to China’s scientific and technological innovation. The competition of science and technology among big countries is not only the competition of hard power of science and technology, but also the competition of organization mode and governance mode of science and technology innovation. We must use perfect systems to prevent and resolve risks, effectively respond to challenges, and accelerate the realization of high-level science and technology self-reliance.
Actively seek change, develop new quality productivity and promote high-quality development. High-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. Developing new quality productivity is the inherent requirement and important focus of promoting high quality development. Scientific and technological innovation is the core element of developing new quality productivity, and it is the key to trigger productivity jump, adjustment of production relations and innovative resource allocation. To accelerate the development of new quality productive forces, we must build an institutional mechanism to support comprehensive innovation. Deepen the reform of the scientific and technological system, strengthen scientific and technological innovation, especially original and subversive scientific and technological innovation, give play to the leading role of China’s ultra-large-scale market, enhance the efficiency of transforming scientific and technological innovation achievements into major scenes, accelerate the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements, and cultivate new kinetic energy for developing new quality productivity.
Clarify the integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation
Foundation, key and approach
To promote high-quality development and foster new-quality productive forces, we must solidly promote the integrated development of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, and clarify the basis, key and ways of integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. With deepening the reform of science and technology system as the fundamental driving force, we will solve the institutional and institutional problems that restrict the development of science and technology and build a strong material and technological foundation for Chinese modernization.
The basis of integration is to increase the supply of high-quality science and technology. China is the only country in the world with all the industrial categories listed in the United Nations industrial classification, with a complete industrial system, many varieties, large scale and strong industrial base. Over the years, China’s manufacturing industry has made great historical achievements and embarked on a road of industrialization with China characteristics. However, China’s manufacturing industry is still at the low end of the global value chain as a whole, and there are shortcomings and weaknesses in key core technologies, industrial basic capabilities and high-end product supply.
To accelerate the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, we should focus on the key areas and weak links in the construction of modern industrial system, make clear the strategic target direction, increase investment in key scientific and technological fields, organize major R&D projects, coordinate multi-subject cooperation, expand international scientific and technological cooperation, and reform the system and mechanism to stimulate the vitality of scientific researchers. Vigorously promote digital industrialization and industrial digitalization, accelerate the transformation of manufacturing industry model and enterprise form, and lay a solid foundation for manufacturing development with high-quality scientific and technological supply. Actively use new technologies to transform and upgrade traditional industries and promote high-end, intelligent and green industries. Accelerate the development of strategic emerging industrial clusters and expand the new kinetic energy of innovation and development of the real economy. Forward-looking layout of future industries, enriching future industrial application scenarios, and building future industrial ecology.
The key to integration is to strengthen the main position of scientific and technological innovation of enterprises. To promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, it is necessary to further strengthen the dominant position of scientific and technological innovation of enterprises, and strive to build a basic capacity innovation system with enterprises as the main body, market-oriented and deep integration of Industry-University-Research. Improve the modern enterprise system with China characteristics, cultivate more world-class enterprises, and build a number of industrial clusters with world-advanced level. Give full play to the important role of leading scientific and technological enterprises in the national strategic scientific and technological strength system, support the participation of large enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises, and jointly build a collaborative innovation platform with universities and research institutes to enhance the innovation vitality of the platform and promote the integration and innovation of multiple subjects with enterprises as the main body. Give play to the leading and supporting role of key scientific and technological enterprises, guide them to build high-level R&D institutions and platforms, and lay out cutting-edge technologies and subversive technologies in advance. We will carry out the cultivation project of specialized, innovative and small giants and individual champion enterprises, and encourage small and medium-sized enterprises to form a solid supply carrier of basic products and technologies in the direction of specialization, refinement and characteristics. Actively promote enterprises and scientific research institutions to establish a working mechanism for synchronizing research and development with standards, integrate independent intellectual property rights into technical standards, accelerate the transformation of core technologies of independent innovation into technical standards, enhance core competitiveness, and seize the commanding heights and initiative in the market.
The way of integration is to promote the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements. Relying on China’s industrial base advantages and super-large-scale market advantages, we will break down obstacles that restrict the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements and promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. Promote the promotion, application and iterative upgrading of independent research products with super-large-scale market advantages and rich application scenarios, so that more scientific and technological achievements can be changed from samples to products and industries. Establish a new model of integrated organization with symbiosis, division of labor and cooperation, and benefit sharing in the upper, middle and lower reaches, and form a "one-stop" research and development and achievement transformation model combining science and technology with industry, effectively solving key problems such as few high-quality scientific and technological achievements and difficulty in landing transformation. Focus on the stage of engineering "market failure" such as small test, pilot test, experimental verification, testing and inspection, gather innovative resources such as universities and research institutes, and form a "chess game" of resource sharing. Strengthen technology and finance’s cooperation, improve the technology and finance system, guide financial resources to gather in the field of scientific and technological innovation, improve the support policies for long-term capital investment in early, small, long-term and hard science and technology, and strive to form a virtuous circle of science and technology, industry and finance. Establish an evaluation mechanism system that meets the needs of development, create a good ecological environment for innovation, and form a scientific, socialized and market-oriented evaluation mechanism system with clear orientation, precision and science, standardization and order, and competition.
Get through from strong science and technology to strong industry and strong economy
Development path
The "Decision" makes systematic arrangements for deepening the reform of the scientific and technological system. We should further improve our political position, strengthen our responsibilities and missions, resolutely unify our thoughts and actions with the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, give play to the powerful engine and strategic support role of scientific and technological innovation, promote the deep integration and development of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, and embark on a new path of innovation and development from strong science and technology to strong industry and economy.
Strengthen the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces. Highlight the national strategic needs, optimize the positioning and layout, improve the national laboratory system, form a coordinated mechanism of national strategic scientific and technological forces with accurate positioning, reasonable layout and complementary advantages, and enhance the integration capability of the national innovation system. Anchored to ensure the safety of the industrial chain and meet the urgent needs of the market, leading enterprises in science and technology will take the lead in tackling key core technologies, systematically deploy forces and allocate resources around the bottleneck of applied technologies, promote the re-innovation of applied technologies, and achieve a major breakthrough in tackling key core technologies. Pay attention to the role of high-level research universities as the main force of basic research in China, and vigorously promote strategic, exploratory and applied basic research. Give full play to the backbone role of national scientific research institutions in the supply of key generic technologies in industries, continue to deepen the research on key generic technologies in industries, provide basic resources and motivation for industrial generic technologies, gather innovative resources for major scientific and technological research, and help solve innovative ecological and resource problems such as standard setting, patent layout, industrial basic platform construction, and closed-loop industrial chain extension.
Ensure that the industrial chain is safe and controllable. Focus on key industrial chains, identify key core technologies and weak links of spare parts, concentrate high-quality resources to tackle key problems, and carry out "chain repair", "chain fixation" and "chain strengthening" to ensure that the industrial system is self-controllable, safe and reliable, and improve the safety and stability of the industrial chain. We will implement the industrial base reconstruction project and major technical equipment project, take the consolidation of industrial base capacity as the foundation, aim at self-control, safety and high efficiency, accelerate the breakthrough of key core technology innovation in basic fields, comprehensively improve the quality and competitiveness of basic products, speed up the completion of bottlenecks such as basic parts and components, basic software, basic materials, basic processes and industrial technology base, and break through a number of landmark and strategic major technical equipment. Carry out chain innovation and upgrading around the modernization organization of industrial chain, and deploy key actions to improve industrial base. We will carry out the capacity building of collaborative research and application of the whole industrial chain, the capacity building of product whole life cycle innovation and the capacity building of policy whole process innovation support, and in the process of realizing the modernization of the industrial chain, improve the industrial base level and realize the advanced industrial base.
Strengthen the leading role of engineering science and technology and support the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and industrial upgrading. Give full play to the practical, creative, systematic and driving role of engineering science and technology, find "real problems" in the decomposition of technology, structure and organization of major projects, force basic research with applied research, and promote the development of basic research and applied research and the transformation of achievements. Adhere to systematic thinking, carry out organized and original research with the concept of systems engineering, and comprehensively improve the efficiency of key core technologies. Improve the industry common technology supply system, optimize the layout of common technology research institutions such as state key laboratories, national engineering centers and national manufacturing innovation centers, and strengthen the construction of enterprise technology innovation centers and industrial laboratories. Increase the supply of cross-industry common technical capabilities and expand the spillover of common products and technologies. Support the construction of cross-industry common technology platforms, experimental verification platforms and public service platforms. Strengthen capital investment and support, give play to the guiding role of government industrial funds, guide all kinds of social capital to invest in key and weak links in industrial basic fields, and realize a virtuous circle of attracting investment with capital and comprehensively gathering industries, capital, talents and policies.
(Author: Strategic Consulting Center of China Academy of Engineering)
(Outlook, No.41, 2024)
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