Students from Siyuan Experimental School in Luxi County are dancing bamboo pole. Yuan Qingguo

Rural scene in Luxi county. Yuan Qingguo

　　Luxi County is located in the west of Hunan Province, at the southeast end of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, and it swims in the Yuan River. It is a key county for regional development and poverty alleviation in Wuling Mountain area, a county in the resettlement reservoir area of Wuqiangxi Hydropower Station, a national poverty-stricken county and an old revolutionary county. There are 147 villages (communities) in 11 townships in the county, with a total area of 1,565 square kilometers and a total population of about 320,000, of which the proportion of ethnic minorities is 62%.

　　Luxi, located in the depths of the mountains in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province, is a ethnic county with 62.3% ethnic minorities, an immigrant reservoir county that has not been connected by train so far, and a national poverty-stricken county with a recurrent financial income of less than 500 million yuan in 2018. It is such a county, but it has run an education that is recognized by the people and that teachers and students are unwilling to leave.

　　— — There are about 38,000 primary and middle school students in the county every year, and the number of students who choose schools to go to other places is almost zero. On the contrary, there are 2,075 students from other counties currently studying in the county.

　　— — In recent years, almost no teacher has been "poached". In 2019, the county transferred 4 teachers and transferred 24 teachers. Moreover, since 2010, more than 300 teachers in the county have voluntarily applied to teach in rural schools.

　　— — Almost no one dropped out of school. In 2019, the consolidation rate of students in the county was 100% in primary school, 99.5% in junior high school and 99.62% in senior high school. The junior high school academic level test ranked among the best in the state. Since 2016, a total of 2,928 students in the county have been admitted to undergraduate colleges, among which 14 students have been admitted to Tsinghua Peking University, ranking first in Xiangxi for 14 consecutive years in terms of undergraduate online rate and undergraduate online ratio of 10,000 people.

　　In 2018, Luxi passed the balanced development assessment of compulsory education with excellent grades. Du Jiahao, secretary of Hunan Provincial Party Committee, instructed: "Luxi has a good experience and should be promoted."

　　What is the Luxi experience? Why is it flying against the trend? With what? How did you do that? What is the reason for it China Education News reporters went to Luxi for more than a dozen times to witness the changes and seek answers.

　　Why can’t teachers "dig away"? Because "I am the best in the world"

　　Yang Shunqi, the principal of Luxi No.2 Middle School, who has worked in Luxi for 28 years, said that since 2016, there has been a grand "red carpet" ceremony for teachers’ day in the county: traffic control on the main roads of the county, police cars to maintain order, drum teams to play, and all the commended people dressed in red and received cheers and attention from everyone. Yang Shunqi walked this "red carpet" twice. "It’s not money, it’s honor." He said that at that moment, the feeling of "I am the best in the world" came to mind.

　　It is said that the most difficult thing in rural education is the construction of teachers. The most painful thing for the director of the Education Bureau is that excellent teachers "can’t get in, can’t stay, and can’t do well". Luxi has never had such troubles?

　　Of course, but Luxi people have solved them one by one with their own unique efforts.

　　1. Pay more attention to building houses and create "bullish" working conditions for rural teachers.

　　"I am the best in the world" is a psychological feeling. In fact, the foundation of Luxi teachers is not good.

　　Look at a set of data first:

　　There are 2,937 in-service teachers in the county. From the perspective of academic qualifications, there are 24 graduate students, 1,687 undergraduates and 1,067 specialists.

　　From the perspective of professional titles, there are 3 people in Zhenggao, 3 people in Super Grade, 531 people in Sub-grade, and 2,298 people in primary and secondary schools, accounting for the vast majority;

　　From the category point of view, the proportion of teachers who graduated from normal majors is not high, accounting for only 67%. Others graduated from non-normal majors, including 183 special post teachers.

　　This is a team with low overall academic qualifications, and few of them have graduated from key universities. 90% of teachers have graduated from local colleges, and Hunan Normal University can have a graduate, which is the "palm treasure" of the county.

　　Like other remote poverty-stricken counties in China, Luxi is difficult to recruit outstanding graduates as teachers. In 2016, the county formulated a talent introduction policy. Graduates from six normal universities directly under the Ministry of Education and "985" and "211" schools all gave a certain amount of resettlement fees, but it took more than three years to introduce 28 people. "After all, the traffic is too inconvenient and the economy is underdeveloped." Tan Zi, director of the county education and sports bureau, is very frank.

　　But as long as people arrive in Luxi, they rarely leave.

　　Why? House, tickets, seats? Is it the same old cliche? Yes, it’s not.

　　Say "yes" first.

　　Anyone who knows a little about Luxi education knows that as early as 2009, Luxi took the lead in implementing subsidies for rural teachers in China. At that time, rural primary teachers were able to get extra 300 yuan every month. Since 2012, this figure has greatly increased. Primary school teachers in villages can get up to 1,400 yuan more per person per month, and primary school and junior high school teachers in villages and towns can get more 500 yuan. The county finance arranges subsidy funds of 18.46 million yuan every year.

　　"The plate is not big, of course it’s easy." Some people might say that. Luxi plate is not big, with a total population of only 317,000, but we must know that in 2012, the fiscal revenue of Luxi County was only 310 million yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers was only 4,089 yuan.

　　"It was also forced out." In November 2013, the county magistrate Xiang Henglin said when he was named to attend the press conference of the Ministry of Education.

　　There are 175 schools in Luxi and 167 in rural areas, including 88 teaching points. There are 1989 rural teachers among the 2937 teaching staff in Luxi County. Like many rural counties in China, before 2009, the Education Bureau of Luxi County received more than 400 reports on entering the city every year, accounting for one-fifth of rural teachers. A large number of teachers flocked to the city, and rural schools gradually became "empty shell" schools.

　　Luxi people are determined to change. In 2009, under the auspices of Du Xiaoyong, then deputy secretary of the county party committee and county magistrate, the county government issued a formal document to take the lead in implementing the post allowance system for rural teachers in China.

　　It seems that there is an invisible baton. After that, not only teachers are willing to stay in the countryside, but there is even a phenomenon of "urban and rural backflow" in teacher allocation. Since 2010, more than 300 teachers have applied to teach in rural schools.

　　In 2014, there was a vacancy in Mawangxi Primary School, and six teachers from the central school competed for registration. Zhou Yuanying, 40, competed for this position with excellent teaching quality. "Excluding five insurances and one gold, you can get more than 70,000 yuan a year." Zhou Yuanying gave the reporter a rough calculation. She said that she and her husband Liu Keqi are both in Mawangxi Primary School, and their combined annual income is 150,000 yuan.

　　If the subsidy for teachers’ subsidies has made the revitalization of rural education in Luxi the first step, then the construction of teachers’ public housing is the second step.

　　Anyone who has taught in rural Hunan knows that rural schools don’t go home from work every day. They basically arrive at school on Sunday afternoon and leave on Friday afternoon, during which they basically live in school. Thousands of teachers, where are there so many houses in the school? So those who live in classrooms, laboratories, idle houses and even dangerous houses, "the eight immortals cross the sea and show their magical powers." In 2006, Xiangxi started the construction of teachers’ public housing, and the school set aside land and the teachers paid part of the funds. In three years, Luxi built 426 sets of teachers’ public housing, but there were still many teachers without housing.

　　It can be solved completely, one or two thousand sets, even at the lowest price and the smallest area, the investment is hundreds of millions. where is the money to come from? Luxi creatively integrated funds from all parties and even built low-rent housing into schools. Finally, since 2011, 1,643 sets of low-rent housing and 216 sets of public housing have appeared in dozens of schools, and there is a set of rural teachers without housing in the county. The reporter saw in Xinglongchang Town Central Primary School that Shu Hongbo, a 24-year-old young teacher, lives in a 50-square-meter low-rent house with two rooms, one living room, one kitchen and one bathroom. Although it is not very big, it is packed with Li Lisoso. "This set in the city is hundreds of thousands. I just graduated four years ago and lived in such a good house. Although it is a bit biased and far from home, I am really practical." Shu Hongbo said.

　　2. Keep people more careful and create a "bullish" atmosphere for rural teachers.

　　Let’s talk about the "no" part.

　　In Luxi, it is easy for teachers to "dig away". Here is a set of intuitive and factual data: among the 2937 teachers in the county, more than 300 are from other counties and cities, but no one has returned in the past five years. In 2019, 4 people were transferred out and 24 people were transferred in.

　　Mo Shunqing, a school in Jishou, the capital of Xiangxi Prefecture, came to dig him, earning more than 200,000 yuan a year, and gave him a house instead of going.

　　Tian Yunkun, a native of Phoenix, or a school in Jishou wants to transfer him, and the offer is an annual salary of 167,000, not going;

　　Li Jianjun, the couple are both foreigners, and some schools offer high salaries to both of them, or not to go … …

　　Teachers have dignity and status, which has really formed a culture in Luxi. "What teachers care about is not money, but this respect, which makes them stand up straight." Tan Zi is easy to say.

　　How to respect? This respect should include two aspects: one is official, and if you do well, you will be rewarded with a future and a seat; Second, it is folk. The children have made great achievements and taught the common people word of mouth. Teachers can bring their own "bull spirit" wherever they go.

　　In Luxi, "where there is something, there is a place" is not an empty talk.

　　Although he was a rare undergraduate who graduated from Hunan Normal University in those years, he worked as an instructor in Luxi No.5 Middle School at the age of 28, but because of his poor health, Yang Shunqi, director of moral education in County No.1 Middle School, never thought about how to develop. Suddenly one day, Tan Zihao found Yang Shunqi and hoped that he would be the principal of No.2 Middle School. He was very surprised and immediately declined.

　　A year later, Tan Zihao found him again and explained the reason again: Why do you like you? Because I went to No.1 Middle School several times in the evening and saw that you were still marking papers at 90 pm, diligent; When I talked to you at that time, I found that you were a middle-level teacher for six years, and you still didn’t feel tired … …

　　Yang Shunqi did not expect that his own efforts and leadership were in the eyes. In 2017, after he arrived at No.2 Middle School, he was like a chicken blood, and when the principal took the class, he also gave the students compulsory remedial classes. "I love this career, no matter ordinary or poor." On the wall of his office, there is such a picture written by himself.

　　Li Jianjun, who graduated from Jishou University in 2006, took the initiative to apply to be a class teacher, with excellent classes, and set a new record in 2014 — — Three students from Tsinghua Peking University and an air force pilot were trained in the class. He never dreamed that in 2017, when he was less than 35 years old, he would be promoted directly from the deputy director of the teaching department to the principal of the county fifth middle school.

　　Caring for teachers is also an important part of respect. "I have traveled to almost every village." This is a cadre of the county education and sports bureau quietly observing the secretary, the county magistrate and the deputy magistrate in charge of education.

　　"I feel at home." Yang Deshang, a physics teacher from Anshan, Liaoning, who has worked in Luxi No.2 Middle School for seven years, talked about his seven years’ dribs and drabs, and talked about his mother who was thousands of miles away. The tears of the 30-year-old boy flowed down, but he dried his tears and added: "Because in Luxi, leaders have a sense of service, teachers don’t have to open their mouths if they have any difficulties." Just when the reporter interviewed, Tan Zihao was ready to introduce him to the object.

　　With respect and love from the villagers, the stories are endless. The reporter reported a story in Mutuo Village, a local cottage in Baiyangxi.

　　In April 2012, Yang Runsheng, a teacher at the teaching point in Baomutuo Village, who was in class, fell to the podium. The state hospital diagnosed thymoma and myasthenia gravis and needed to be sent to the provincial hospital for surgery immediately. It is estimated that the treatment fee will be 100,000 yuan.

　　The villagers in Baomutuo Village took the initiative to lend you 10,000 yuan, and he took 5,000 yuan. The oldest Li Apo in the village also paid out more than 200 yuan earned by selling wild onions and pumpkin flowers. With the concerted efforts of the villagers and donations from the school district, Yang Runsheng’s surgery expenses were collected the next day.

　　Yang Runsheng has an account book, which reads: 10,000 yuan owed to Qin Tianlin (2,000 yuan has been repaid) and 8,000 yuan owed to Qin Minqiu (500 yuan) & HELIP; … "The money on the ledger is still inexhaustible in my life. Only by teaching the children of the villagers well and teaching them into talents will I feel comfortable!" Yang Runsheng is jealous … …

　　3. Improve the professional quality, so that teachers have the confidence to be "bullish"

　　Only with good teachers can there be a good education.

　　"If you can’t teach well", where does the teacher come from? How to revitalize rural education?

　　To grasp the growth of teachers, the first thing is to establish quality orientation.

　　For Luxi education, there are three most important documents in the education system, namely, the school target management assessment scheme, the teaching quality benefit evaluation scheme and the principal target management assessment scheme. Bonuses and awards depend on how these three schemes are implemented. Among them, the quality of education and teaching is in the most important position, occupying an important proportion of assessment.

　　The village allowance mentioned before is not that you can get an extra 1400 yuan a month as long as you teach in a village, but that you should ensure the quality. There is a large-scale quality inspection in the county every semester, and the test results are low. I’m sorry, don’t say that you are qualified to participate in the transfer examination.

　　It is also under such a baton that all the teachers in Luxi try to improve their teaching level and practice their "skills".

　　The second way is to lead the way by example, strengthen the education of teachers’ morality and style, and awaken and stimulate the sense of responsibility of teachers to the greatest extent.

　　The quality of education in Luxi is good. Are there any make-up classes? Sure. But that’s all done according to the rules. All teachers are absolutely not allowed to "tutor at home" and are absolutely not allowed to take part-time courses in various training courses. In the past three years, the county has also dismissed five illegal teachers.

　　The dedication and dedication of Luxi teachers are touching. When talking about their own work, their own schools and their own students, almost all of them are full of blood and passion.

　　Fu Haiou, born in 1980s, left her children in the county seat for her family to take, and came to Huangnichong Primary School, which is more than 50 kilometers away from the county seat. Now she has been holding on for seven years. In a class she once took over, there were 42 students in grade three, and the average score of language was only over 30 points, and several people only had a few points. Fu Haiou found junior textbooks, started with addition and subtraction, and used rest time for counseling every day. In 2016, the average score of Chinese in this class reached more than 80 points and 90 points in mathematics, ranking second in the county.

　　Zhang Changneng, a math teacher and head teacher in No.1 Middle School, devoted himself to more than 40 children in his class. He set up detailed files for all the children in his class: hobbies, academic achievements and life goals, but his son and two-year-old daughter, who were in junior high school, stayed at his mother-in-law’s house for a long time.

　　Tan Zihao called teachers like Fu Haiou and Zhang Changneng "Luxi Education Dreamers". He believes that only with more and more such "dreamers" can Luxi’s dream of revitalizing rural education come true.

　　Luxi’s third practice is to strengthen training, promote job rotation training, "famous teachers take apprentices" and help each other in pairs.

　　There are 175 primary and secondary schools in Luxi, but there are 31 large schools. Over the years, almost all the principals of these "big schools" have been sent to study in foreign classes, and the county will send 2-mdash every semester; 6 principals, 10— 20 young and middle-aged backbone teachers went to famous schools in developed areas for attachment training and study with their classes. Li Jianjun, the headmaster of No.5 Middle School, was sent to the "head teacher’s backbone class" in the state for further study, and went to the middle school attached to Hunan’s most famous Normal University to study with his classes. "Progress is not a little bit, it is a step every year." Li Jianjun said.

　　Zhang Shiquan, vice president of Wuxi No.2 Primary School, came back from Chaoyang District, Beijing for a semester and promoted "three-three micro-behaviors" in the school. Zhang Shiquan said that among the 338 students in the school, 90% are left-behind children, and more than 30% are children of poor households who set up files. The education of behavior habits is their focus. "They all learned from Beijing." Zhang Shiquan said.

　　With limited financial resources, it is impossible to "send out" more. The most important thing is to rely on our own training. The figure from the County Education and Sports Bureau is that from 2015 to 2018, the county has completed 12,000 teacher trainings in the past three years.

　　Why can students stay? Because you can go to school at your doorstep.

　　There are 175 schools in Luxi, including 4 high schools, and none of them are provincial demonstration (provincial key) high schools, which are rare in Hunan.

　　Another rare phenomenon is that not only high schools, including primary schools and junior high schools, but also those who go out to work with their parents, almost none of Luxi’s children go to other places to study. On the contrary, there are many foreign children who come here. In 2019, the number was 2,075, exceeding 5% of the primary and secondary school students in the county.

　　Another rare phenomenon is that there are 175 schools in 147 villages in Luxi, that is to say, almost every village has a school. Among the 175 schools, there are 130 with fewer than 100 students, among which there are 54 "one-person schools" with only one teacher. Why are there so many small schools? "If there is no school in a village, there is no cultural element." When other places began to merge rural schools on a large scale, Luxi did not forcibly merge a small village according to the actual situation in the county and the requirements of the people, but just disappeared naturally.

　　In 2018, when Luxi accepted the balanced acceptance of national compulsory education, some evaluation experts lamented that every school in Luxi, regardless of urban and rural areas, had almost no difference in hardware, teachers and quality.

　　"We want to see the worst village."

　　"There is no worst, only the most remote."

　　This is a real conversation in the interview. It is Tan Zihao who answers the reporter’s questions.

　　Early the next morning after the end of the dialogue, he took the reporter around Jishou, walked for more than two hours on the winding mountain road, and went straight to Shuika Primary School in Jiefangyan Township, the most remote place in the county.

　　Shuika Primary School has 51 students and 4 teachers. The school is built on the mountain. After climbing two platforms, a teaching building is hidden under a big tree, and the campus looks quiet and cool. Although the teaching building is old, it is clean and tidy. It is class time, and there is a sound of books in the classroom.

　　How to manage a small and remote village? Tan Zihao said that Luxi’s way is to strengthen teachers through subsidies and teaching system, to grasp routine through education supervision, and to formulate "18 rules for village small schools" to promote construction. "As long as there are students, there must be schools; As long as there is a school, we must satisfy the people. " This is what Luxi educators demand of themselves. In order to complete the "30 One" capital construction configuration of 130 small-scale schools in the county, the county invested more than 7 million yuan back and forth, which really made "any school look good".

　　During the interview, the reporter saw in Huangnichong Primary School in Xiaozhang Township that two young "the most sought-after public-funded normal students in the county", Chen Zihua and Deng Xiaojie, volunteered to go down from the central school to the village school and volunteered to take classes. "I want to do an experiment." Chen Zihua, 24, is full of confidence. Neat writing on the blackboard, standard Mandarin and youthful smiles, both of them are "full of educational ideals", and the county is very supportive of letting them do it.

　　Running every school well, of course, is not just running small villages. "If the whole Luxi education is likened to a train, and each township school is a carriage, then the town school is ‘ Locomotive ’ To enhance motivation, lead demonstrations, and run with everyone. " Xiang Ziquan, deputy director of the county education and sports bureau, said that for a school, the "locomotive role" of famous teachers is indispensable; For a county, the famous school "locomotive" plays an indispensable role.

　　Siyuan Experimental School, the "locomotive", has played an excellent demonstration role in the county. "It’s the direction." In the interview, more than one principal said so. This nine-year consistent school, which was put into use in September 2014, has 45 comprehensive practice classes, which are rare in big cities. The whole school has also established 67 societies.

　　In addition to general recitation, calligraphy, painting, scientific and technological innovation, dance, calligraphy, vocal music, erhu, etc., the special courses offered by the school actually include chen river’s high-pitched tune, carving flowers by stepping on a tiger, rolling iron rings and walking on stilts. Students choose independently according to their hobbies or personal specialties, and take classes in two special classes on Tuesday and Thursday afternoons every week. These courses are all free.

　　To run every school well, there is also a township school that is described as a "sandwich class" — — Between the village and the city, in Luxi, 54.7% of the students are studying in township schools.

　　How can the "sandwiched layer" not be "sandwiched"? Luxi’s practice, in addition to the strong teachers mentioned above, has two other aspects: strengthening the team and helping each other in pairs.

　　Luxi County No.3 Middle School, located in Xinglong Town, once had a high school with good quality, but after the high school was closed, the school began to decline for various reasons. Xinglongchang is a big town in Luxi. If the No.3 Middle School is not well run, tens of thousands of people around it will be affected. Luxi is determined to change the face of No.3 Middle School.

　　In April 2016, Shang Yuandao, the deputy magistrate, led Tan Zihao and others to enter No.3 Middle School. Listening to lectures, talking and investigating lasted for three whole days. After that, the third middle school team was completely reorganized, and young, capable, thoughtful and energetic Chen Yongguo was elected as the principal. In the second autumn, Li Yongsheng, the best vice president of junior high school and Baisha Middle School in the county, became the resident vice president of this rural school and directly participated in school management. Li Yongsheng introduced some effective practices from Baisha Middle School and organized excellent teachers from Baisha Middle School to teach at home. By the end of June this year, more than 50 lectures and more than 20 pairs of teachers and apprentices had been sent.

　　The "software" here has been greatly changed, and the hardware there has been greatly invested: in three years, more than 2 million yuan has been invested, the teaching building has been rebuilt, and the school facilities have been added. The two-pronged approach has greatly changed the face of the Third Middle School. In 2017, the seven subjects in the state’s third grade academic level examination ranked first in the county’s rural independent junior high schools, and the high school online rate and admission rate ranked second in rural independent junior high schools; In 2018, the county advanced unit of teaching quality and benefit evaluation; Since 2017, more than 30 students have been transferred back to school, and the number of students enrolled in 2018 reached 399.

　　Why are educators full of passion? Because fine management makes people "spiritually multiply"

　　The reporter has interviewed Luxi many times, and a strong impression is that Luxi people always do the same educational work more realistically, carefully and in place than others. Where does such strong execution come from?

　　1. Match the "leader" and dredge the "intestinal obstruction"

　　An important starting point for Luxi to "run every school well" is to "catch the midfield", and this "midfield" is the school principal and middle-level cadres and the head of the Education Bureau. “‘ Midfield ’ Strong, the party and the country’s educational principles and policies can be well implemented; ‘ Midfield ’ Weak, there are policies that cannot be implemented above, and there are expectations that cannot be realized below. "

　　In fact, this phenomenon has happened in Luxi.

　　Because of this, Tan Zihao and the bureau team took the "midfield construction" of education as the first fire after competing for posts at the end of 2015. Since 2016, the county has promoted and adjusted 12 principals and removed 8 posts; There are 8 directors of 24 units in the bureau. Some people predict that the education system will "shake the earth"; It is also speculated that Tan Zihao may not last long. However, the result disappointed the "prophets".

　　What is the reason for it

　　"It is to act according to the rules. Although the intensity is great, it is well-founded." Tan Zihao introduced that, in terms of the adjustment of the principal, apart from the age factor, the others are ability and performance. The basis is the "Annual Performance Assessment Plan for Primary and Secondary School Principals" issued by the Education and Sports Bureau of Luxi County in 2016, in which the hard leverage is real. For example, Luxi particularly emphasizes the principal’s position consciousness. When the principal leaves school on weekdays, he must report to the office of the County Education and Sports Bureau. Leave the post once without authorization, and miss out on Excellence; Three times, dismissed on the spot.

　　There are too many hard levers, can the principals still display their hands and feet? The answer is, of course, yes. "Within the scope of the principal’s authority, you can do it boldly." Yang Zhixiang, president of Siyuan Experimental School, said that he is now "worried about three things", "worried about teachers, worried about funds, and worried that his ideas will not be supported". The school has opened more than 50 elective courses, and invited the "non-legacy" celebrities in the county to give lectures. Shang Yuanyuan, the deputy magistrate, personally found the Minzong Cultural Tourism Bureau. Now, national culture and "non-legacy" are flourishing in the school.

　　With the vigor of the principal, the school will soon "rise".

　　Jiefang Rock School is a typical example. This school is the farthest from the county seat, and has always been a local principal. The school management is often hindered by the worldly wisdom, and the teaching quality is at the bottom of the county, and the students flow out year by year. In August, 2017, the county transferred Li Shaohui, the vice president who was very disciplined in teaching in No.3 Middle School, to Jiefangyan School as the principal. In less than a year, the quality of the school has reached a higher level, ranking second in the county for two consecutive years in the quality monitoring of nine-year compulsory schools in rural areas.

　　It is worth mentioning that Luxi’s "education midfield" is not only the principal and the head of the stock room, but also the middle level of the school. Its management authority is moved up, and its appointment and dismissal are decided by the party group of the Education and Sports Bureau through discussion. There are clear system provisions for "up" and "down". Since the implementation of the system of "being able to go up and down", the county has appointed and removed 86 middle-level cadres, 13 of whom have been held accountable for problems such as low work efficiency and laziness. Those who pass the examination can enter the training class for young cadres. It is not easy to become a young cadre training class student. First, it must be recommended by the school, and then it must be investigated by the personnel, basic education, discipline inspection, school security, supervision and other departments organized by the bureau. This class is held once a year, with about 50 students in each class. This is an inevitable procedure for promotion and appointment.

　　"Being able to go up and down" has activated a pool of spring water in the cadre team, and the execution of the whole team has been greatly enhanced. "Now, what decisions are made in the bureau, and the school can implement them to the letter." Tan Zi is easy to say.

　　2. "Bundle assessment" makes leadership services more, and makes "prestigious schools" more responsible for rural schools.

　　Luxi County Education and Sports Bureau has a school security unit, and its work has been very bright in recent years. However, in 2018, the staff of this unit failed to get a performance of 5,000 yuan at the end of the year, because the quality of its "bundled" Xiaozhang Primary School declined a lot, so Xiang Ziquan, the deputy director in charge of this unit and contacting this area, could not evaluate it.

　　"Bundle management" is the characteristic of Luxi. This includes two aspects. First, there are 28 stock rooms in the Education Bureau, corresponding to 32 schools in the county, and the evaluation scores of schools are directly linked to the annual assessment of stock rooms. Second, the universities and famous schools with better conditions in the county are "bundled and assessed" with the work indicators of the rural schools that they "one-on-one" help.

　　Such a policy makes principals feel more responsible. "If our school doesn’t run well, it will bring trouble to the leaders of the relevant bureaus and the stock room, which gives us great motivation." A principal said. As a responsible community, the leaders and the stock room are equally "under great pressure", and they can only actively make suggestions and solve problems for the bundled schools. The basic education unit is "bundled" with Baisha Primary School, Baisha Middle School and Luxi No.1 Middle School. These three schools are all famous schools in urban areas, and enrollment every year is a test that must be faced. Every enrollment season, Xie Yongliang and the comrades in the stock room take the initiative to make face-to-face policy interpretations with parents to dispel doubts and doubts. "After all, we are the staff of functional departments, with a more thorough understanding of policies, more authoritative answers and more convincing parents." Xie Yongliang said.

　　"Bundle management" is also forcing functional departments to improve their work style and enhance their service awareness. Careful teachers have found that the schemes and evaluation systems formulated by the Education and Sports Bureau in recent years rarely have one vote rejected. "One-vote veto is less, and democratic education is more. If there is more democracy, there will be more warmth. " Mo Bofang, director of the office of the county education and sports bureau, has some detours, but the truth is clear.

　　Luxi’s second "binding" is "pairing assistance" to teach. The schools at all levels in the county’s compulsory education stage were scientifically paired according to three categories, and each town’s high-quality proofreading helped 1-mdash; 2 rural weak schools, a total of 125 pairs. Taking a five-year cycle, these "couples" start with five major sections: management assistance, teacher assistance, resource assistance, cultural assistance and student assistance, and implement "four bundles": work target bundling, leadership responsibility bundling, work responsibility bundling, assessment reward and punishment bundling, and "grafting" the school-running concept and management experience of urban quality schools to rural schools to promote the integrated development of urban and rural education. "For example, the quality evaluation binding, the quality evaluation of the aided school accounts for 30% of the quality evaluation score of the aided school." Xie Yongliang, head of the basic education, added.

　　Since 2016, the county has sent 138 urban school teachers to support weak rural schools. What’s the effect?

　　The reporter bumped for more than two hours and came to Yongxingchang Primary School. The teaching building and comprehensive building were almost all new buildings. "It wasn’t like this before." Principal Yang Jinwei said that the school used to be very shabby. In that year, a special post teacher was assigned and left without opening his luggage. In March 2017, the county arranged Baisha Primary School to help. Baisha Primary School not only sent the backbone, but also let the new young teachers of Yongxingchang Primary School study in depth, understand the class management, study in class, visit the class cultural layout, and participate in the collective evaluation. "It is to open the door and pair up deeply." Zhou Jiansheng, principal of Baisha Primary School, described it.

　　"Our class culture has become a bright spot, actually learning Baisha Primary School." Yang Jinwei, the president of Xinglongchang, said that he had also studied in many places, including other provinces, but many practices of others were too "high" to learn, and this kind of localized help was the most effective. Indeed, in 2017, the comprehensive ranking of Yongxingchang Primary School rose by six places from the bottom of similar schools. The science taught by Li Yanmei, a teacher who just joined the work for two years, won the first prize in the county-wide random examination in 2017, achieving a historic breakthrough in teaching quality.

　　According to statistics, as of June 2019, there were 125 pairs of schools in the county, with more than 2,300 teachers deeply involved, and more than 900 activities of sending teachers, research institutes and training to the countryside were carried out, with more than 18,000 participants.

　　3. Pay attention to routine, supervision, strengthen process management and build a standard "production line"

　　The reporter reviewed the briefing on key work supervision from 2018 to May 2019. The report is divided into four parts: stock room work, school work, existing problems and report praise. The content includes more than 10 tasks, including education and teaching, party building work, accurate poverty alleviation, safety work, class attendance and evaluation, teacher’s morality and style, and pairing assistance.

　　Since 2016, such a notification has been held in Luxi for four years. The supervision bulletin has exerted great power, and no one dares to take it lightly. "Our principals are very concerned, every copy must be seen, and teachers must be organized to learn." Hu Fangping, principal of Mingde Primary School, said that if there are problems in the report, they will immediately organize rectification. If there are no problems, they will also reflect on other schools.

　　This result is the result of Luxi’s innovative supervision means.

　　Grasping management and quality through supervision is also one of Luxi’s experiences in running every school well.

　　The work of the inspector’s responsibility area in Luxi is different from other places. It is not set according to the region, but according to the school category, that is, preschool education, primary school, middle school and nine-year compulsory education. Each responsibility area employs two full-time inspectors, and 31 deputy school-level personnel are employed as supervisors in 31 schools and large kindergartens, so that supervision can basically be carried out in all directions without dead ends.

　　"See people and see things, supervise and reform, and ask for accountability." Zhang Xianbiao, director of the Supervision Office of the County Education and Sports Bureau, said that this is the job requirement of the bureau for inspectors, not only "supervising", but more importantly "guiding" and serving. Not only supervise the school, but also supervise the units in the bureau. The system of pre-arrangement on January 1st, supervision on January 1st, summary on January 1st, and notification on January 1st. Every school that is responsible for the inspector shall supervise and urge the full implementation of all work and education and teaching routines by means of "four noes and two straights" every month (no notice, no greeting, no report, no accompanying reception, going straight to the grassroots and going straight to the scene).

　　Fu Zhen, who is 60 years old this year, is a full-time inspector in the primary school responsibility area. Before that, he worked as the vice president of teaching for 14 years and has rich experience in education and teaching. Chaodi Primary School in Dalan Town is 20 miles away from the mountain road in the town. There are only nine students and two teachers. Because the teachers are older and less motivated, the teaching quality can’t keep up. After the start of school in the fall of 2018, Fu Zhen came to the school over the mountains to check the routine, make demands and make suggestions. The working attitudes of the two teachers have greatly changed. Fu Zhen said that if a problem is found and solved in every school, then 10 schools will solve 10 problems. "The fewer school problems, the better the school will be."

　　"It is very helpful to us, and we are all looking forward to their coming." Chen Yongguo, the principal of No.3 Middle School, said that the responsible inspectors are very professional, which is equivalent to a physical examination and diagnosis of the school once a month. If there is a problem, they will prescribe it in time.

　　When it comes to Luxi’s education management, we have to mention its large-scale publicity of school affairs, and its main carrier is the "monthly meeting of school affairs supervision" system. Bao Rongchang, director of the Discipline Inspection and Supervision Office of the County Education and Sports Bureau, introduced this "monthly meeting" to us in detail: fixed time, before the 10 th of each month; Fixed participants, school team members, discipline inspectors, and representatives of teachers’ congresses are more than 5, and participants can also be clearly absent according to the needs of the meeting; Fix the agenda and requirements of the meeting.

　　"At first, some principals were not welcome. In their view, this challenge to management authority, the key is to prepare more things, trouble, it is simply unnecessary. The representatives of the teachers’ congress who attended the meeting were also not very comfortable, unable to show their feelings and lose face. But after a period of implementation, the effect will appear. " Bao Rongchang said that he cited a typical case.

　　In the past, the head teacher’s allowance, substitute fees, overtime pay and other expenses of Luxi School were all "showing their magical powers", which was somewhat inconsistent with the policy and "can do but can’t say". If there was any violation, the principal and the team would bear the responsibility. Financing channels and distribution methods were not adopted at the monthly meeting of some schools. What should we do? The school reports to the station, and the station reports to the county. Great, the county attaches great importance to it. The allowance of the head teacher is guaranteed by the finance, and the substitute fee and overtime pay are converted into workload. The principals relaxed and became staunch supporters of the monthly meeting. (Reporter Li Lunzhen Yang Xiye Lai Sijie Correspondent Li Maolin Ni Zhengsong Li Chang)

　

On October 25th, the National Data Bureau was unveiled and the staff took photos.Beijing News reporter Pu Feng photo

The National Data Bureau, which has been preparing for more than seven months, was officially listed on October 25th.

"Deepen cooperation in digital technology innovation, digital transformation and digital city construction, and jointly promote the digital transformation of agriculture, manufacturing and service industries, so that more countries can achieve industrial upgrading and release development momentum by developing the digital economy." Recently, during the third "Belt and Road" international cooperation summit forum, Liu Liehong made his first public speech as the new director of the National Data Bureau.

At present, Liu Liehong is the director of the National Data Bureau, and Shen Zhulin is the deputy director of the National Data Bureau. According to the Beijing News reporter, the initial organizational structure of the National Data Bureau is divided into five groups according to the work of integration, data elements, digital economy, infrastructure and public data. At present, there are dozens of people on the job, and the team will continue to expand with the official listing operation in the future. After the official listing of the National Bureau of Data, it may be upgraded to a management department in related fields in the future.

Many insiders believe that with the official unveiling of the National Data Bureau, the basic data system will be continuously improved and the utilization level of data resources will be improved. Data confirmation will also be conducive to the rapid development of industries such as AI big model.

Management personnel of the National Data Bureau are in place one after another.

With the continuous development of digital economy, data application and management have attracted much attention. The "Institutional Reform Plan of the State Council" issued in March this year clearly established the National Data Bureau for the first time. As one of the highlights of the new round of institutional reform, the National Data Bureau has attracted much attention since its establishment.

On July 28th, the newly established National Data Bureau welcomed its first director. According to the news released by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the State Council appointed Liu Liehong as the director of the National Data Bureau. Liu Liehong previously worked in the electronic information industry for a long time. In 2018, Liu Liehong was transferred to the post of Deputy Director of the Office of the Central Cyber Security and Informatization Committee and Deputy Director of the National Internet Information Office. Two years later, Liu Liehong returned to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology as a member of the Party Group and Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. Subsequently, he took charge of China Unicom in 2021.

During his two years in charge of China Unicom, Liu Liehong brought a new atmosphere to this basic operator enterprise, and also provided new ideas for the business transformation of China Unicom, which improved the reputation of China Unicom.

With the continuous clarity of the organizational structure, the management personnel of the National Data Bureau are in place one after another. On October 11th, Shen Zhulin was appointed as the deputy director of the National Bureau of Data. Previously, he served as the deputy inspector of the High-tech Industry Department of the National Development and Reform Commission and the director of the Innovation and High-tech Development Department. He has long been concerned about the data field and regards data as economic resources and strategic resources.

At present, the National Data Bureau has dozens of on-the-job personnel, and will continue to expand its team with the official listing operation in the future. After the official listing of the National Bureau of Data, it may be upgraded to a management department in related fields in the future.

Recently, the "General Guide for Recruitment of Civil Servants for the 2024 Examination of Central Organs and Their Directly Affiliated Institutions" was released, in which several positions involved the National Data Bureau. The main work contents of each position included: engaging in data governance and development policy research, participating in international cooperation in the data field and digital economy; Participate in the research of data basic systems and policies, and participate in major strategies, major plans, major reforms and major activities related to data; Engaged in data resource management and development and utilization promotion; Participate in the research and formulation of development strategies, plans and policies related to the digital economy, and jointly promote digital industrialization and industrial digitalization.

The other two positions will participate in the promotion and demonstration of technology application in the data field, infrastructure planning and construction, etc., which require artificial intelligence research, practical experience and cryptography research experience respectively.

The data element market will usher in a new era of perfect system and environment.

The newly established National Bureau of Data is responsible for coordinating and promoting the construction of basic data systems, coordinating the integration, sharing, development and utilization of data resources, and coordinating the planning and construction of digital China, digital economy and digital society. It is managed by the National Development and Reform Commission.

"There is no name for the Big Data Bureau, indicating that the National Data Bureau will not be too limited and there are more possibilities for exploration." Many people in the industry believe that with the appointment of the director, the National Data Bureau will be officially listed, the construction of data infrastructure will be strengthened, and the data factor market will enter the fast lane of development.

Wang Yong, deputy director of Tsinghua University Economic Research Institute and president of Tsinghua University Minsheng Economic Research Institute, believes that data elements are new production factors in the digital age. In order to play the role of data as a new factor of production, it is very important to plan and deploy China’s data resources. This is also the reason why the National Data Bureau was specially set up in the reform plan of the party and state institutions. The establishment of the National Data Bureau will play an important role in overall planning for China’s next high-quality economic development by exerting the role of data elements.

Previously, 18 provinces and municipalities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Guizhou, Fujian, Shandong, Zhejiang and Guangdong, also set up data management-related institutions. Luo Weidong, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and president of City College of Zhejiang University, believes that it is definitely not an easy process to set up a new functional department. Now it is only the first step, at least it is clear that the country has a special institution to handle data resources affairs.

Ding Botao, deputy director of the Institute of Information Science of Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, said that the National Data Bureau may solve two problems in the future. The first is to integrate data resources at the national level and promote the utilization and sharing of national data resources. As a national government department, the National Data Bureau may not directly become a data supplier. In the future, an organization similar to Shanghai Big Data Center may be set up under the National Data Bureau to be responsible for sorting out the data of various commissions.

Ding Botao believes that another problem to be solved by the National Data Bureau is related to the national rules and systems in the field of digitalization. Most fundamental problems of data, including data ownership, data capitalization and data cross-border circulation, all involve state affairs, but local legislation can’t actually create rights. "The deeper the data development, the more we can find that many basic problems must be solved by the state departments, and there is no way for the localities to solve them."

"Data elements are the foundation and key elements of the development of the digital economy. The establishment of the National Data Bureau is an important measure for the country to strengthen the utilization of data elements and improve data security governance. In most cases, data does not exist independently, and it must be related to specific business areas, such as financial data, scientific research data, business data, etc. However, if we open up data islands, enhance data cross-domain interoperability, and strengthen data interoperability, we need effective governance mechanisms. The National Data Bureau is expected to enhance China’s ability to promote data exchange and circulation sharing, which is worth looking forward to. " Li Xiaodong, founder of Fuxi think tank, researcher of Institute of Computing Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of Tsinghua University Internet Governance Research Center, thinks.

It is expected to promote the development of AI big model industry.

At present, with the rapid rise of AI big model, the opening and confirmation of data resources for the development of AI industry is becoming more and more important.

Huang Tiejun, president of Beijing Zhiyuan Artificial Intelligence Research Institute and professor of Peking University Computer College, told the Beijing News reporter that the development of large-scale model is not only a simple market competition issue, but also needs government planning and design. For example, how is the data applied? At present, some data are captured through the internet to train the model; But this is only a small part of the data, and there are still a lot of data to be mined, such as the data of economic and social operation. This is a very important function of the data bureau, which is equivalent to data confirmation. The data is more complicated than land, and the price transaction and how to measure it need to be studied.

After the functions of the National Bureau of Data are defined, it will not only build basic data, but also make overall planning on the basis of overall planning of data resources, and vertical management will eventually promote the construction of digital China.

Among them, the establishment of data exchange has attracted much attention. "Article 20 of National Data" proposes to establish a compliant and efficient data element circulation and trading system that combines inside and outside the field, and guide the common development of various types of data trading places. Establish a standardized and efficient data trading place, highlight the compliance supervision and basic service functions of national data trading places, strengthen their public attributes and public welfare positioning, and standardize regional data trading places and industrial data trading platforms set up by various departments in various regions.

According to the "Digital China Development Report (2022)" released by the National Internet Information Office in April 2023, by the end of 2022, 48 data trading places had been established nationwide. However, from the current point of view, on-site transactions in data exchanges are still being explored. Some research institutions estimate that in 2022, the market size of data elements will exceed 90 billion yuan, and the market size of data transactions will be 12 billion yuan, of which the standardized on-site transactions will only account for 2%— 3%, the vast majority of data transactions took place off-site.

The above-mentioned people said that the industry is very much looking forward to the establishment of Beijing International Big Data Exchange, and all localities are relying on their own advantageous regional resources and local core enterprises to build data exchanges first. From the perspective of regional economy, Beijing should build a model room where data transactions are tried first. He revealed that at present, Beijing has acted early, and the industry’s leading enterprises have participated in the establishment of a number of standards and met with relevant technicians once a week.

Although all localities are preemptively building data trading highlands, there are still difficulties. An executive of a head company involved in the establishment of the Beijing Big Data Exchange told the Beijing News that the construction of the digital center is actually quite difficult. At present, all parties are exploring data transactions. As the fifth element, what are the characteristics of data, how to copy it, how to trace it, how to ensure that these data can generate value in the transaction process, and how to avoid piracy? The exchange involves many emerging things such as data leakage, data confirmation and data use.

Beijing pointed out that it is necessary to promote the compliant and efficient circulation and use of data, empower the real economy, and accelerate the construction of a global digital economy benchmark city. Create a highland for data element policy, take the lead in establishing a structural separation operation mechanism for data resource holding rights, processing rights and product management rights, and improve the rational distribution of data income. Better cultivate and develop the data factor market and comprehensively deepen the development and utilization of public data.

The above-mentioned professionals involved in the formulation of national data standards believe that policies must be given priority and opportunities must be seized. Data is not only available to some enterprises, but also to every enterprise. How to confirm data and how to process data to generate value will be the track that all parties need to pay attention to in the next decade, which involves national and even global competition.

Among the exiled intellectuals in the 20th century, zygmunt bauman is undoubtedly a typical one. He was born into a Jewish family in Poznan, Poland in 1925 and died on January 9, 2017. In his 91-year-old life, he escaped the Nazi massacre, experienced the Soviet Union in Stalin’s era, participated in the war and fought against the Nazis, returned to Poland after the war, and was expelled during the socialist construction. During this period, he wanted to move to Israel or Australia, and finally settled down at the University of Leeds in England until his death.

Zygmunt Bauman

Bowman’s life has experienced many disasters in the 20th century, and the cruel reality we read through textbooks is exactly what he experienced. As he said in an interview with Al Jazeera before his death, "Young people like you have forgotten what totalitarianism is. You know it by reading textbooks, but you haven’t experienced it. I have experienced such a regime twice. "

In the face of Bowman’s life, there will inevitably be a romantic association, attributing his original ideas about the Holocaust, violence, ethics, socialism, modernity and post-modernity to his personal life story. Tester reminds us that Bowman’s life is of course very unique in detail, but from a more macro perspective, his experience is not unique. Bowman is like a "storyteller". Through the narration of his personal life story, he conveyed the ambiguous entanglement that "a generation" encountered in the 20th century, and personal narration became a structural fate. "People are placed in awkward situations out of their own will. The ambiguity of human situation bred by the contradictory but often self-defeating process of modernity, its sharp pain and its vivid vitality are fully displayed in this situation."

Exile is a common experience.

In Bowman’s view, the ambiguity of human situation is a common experience faced by all men and women, which is embodied in you and me as an exile mentality and a displacement experience. "Kolakowski" is a familiar aspiration in the 20th century. Bowman further pointed out that exile is not only held by intellectuals. In the modern state of existence, we are exiled from ourselves, others and even the environment, and everyone has become a rootless wanderer. Different from pre-modern homelessness, modern exiles have more choices.

Bowman distinguished two types of exile, one with the color of fatalism and the other with the color of vocation. The former is blind and casual, while the latter must always be cautious. The problem we have to face is how to turn the helpless fate into our duty and responsibility.

Bowman advocates making choices, accepting challenges, and experiencing mature "exile" in the process of transforming fate into vocation. Fate is a limitation, a boundary created by social structure, system and arrangement, and becoming a human means going beyond these boundaries. His task for sociology is to study these boundaries, explore how personal life stories are shaped and restricted by structural social factors, see through the boundaries set by experience, understand the familiarity of life from a novel and different perspective, and pay attention to the world that you and I really experience, rather than abstract people or humanity. Only in this way can we really take care of those who are suffering from ambiguous situations.

Zygmunt bauman: Fear of Flowing, Jiangsu People’s Publishing House, June 2012.

Bowman’s works describe the living conditions of such people, Jews in the Holocaust, intellectuals who changed from legislators to interpreters, strangers at home, immigrants, new poor people and abandoned lives, and even men and women in love. They all fell into a common fate because of displacement. Between freedom and security, between proximity and alienation, between love and hate, the ego also flows into a fragmented state.

Ordering and ambiguity

Modern society is trying to create a rational order, but individuals are gradually dissolving and fragmenting in the order. When individuals become more and more obsessed with the small world that creates themselves in the debris, it is easier for power to construct its own project according to its own will and create the rigidity of human society step by step. In Modernity and the Holocaust, Bowman’s analysis of the Holocaust is chilling. The Holocaust lies in the modern civilized society, which itself is the product of the latter. Without modern industrial technology and bureaucratic organizational structure, the Holocaust is unimaginable. It can even be said that "it started with a real rational concern and was created by a bureaucratic system that was faithful to its form and purpose."

Zygmunt bauman: Modernity and the Holocaust, Yilin Press, January 2002.

The "gardening project" in modern society is obsessed with order. In order to ensure the perfection of the garden, pests and weeds must be strictly distinguished and removed. The Nazi massacre of Jews is like the gardener’s attitude towards weeds. The rational spirit of science and technology and bureaucracy makes the cleaning of the Jewish nation an industrial assembly line, and finally completes the rational design of human beings. As a rational way of governance, the Holocaust means the elimination of ambiguity and possibility. Strangers must be isolated or exiled, and all possibilities are stifled by classified violence. Survival began to be influenced and maintained by design, manipulation, management and engineering, giving the world structure in a classified way. It assumes that all the unique and even unconnected entities in the world have a group of similar or similar entities to which they belong, and then connects them to control the randomness and probability of individuals by category, so that they can move towards a goal and an orderly world.

Zygmunt bauman: Modernity and Contradiction, Commercial Press, October 2013.

In Bowman’s view, the gardening project of order is undoubtedly a failure, and the classification has not reduced the existence of ambiguity. No matter how big and aggressive the efforts of order are, ambiguity will never disappear. It is the classification itself that creates more ambiguity, because there will always be entities that are not fully defined or over-defined, and insufficient or excessive meaning will create more confusing symbols, and further classification will be accompanied by further ambiguity.

It is at this point that Bowman saw the possibility of saving ambiguity from power and fought for it. "We must be as close as possible to the possibility of people who are still concealed so far, like real poets. So we need to break through those self-evident barriers. Within the barriers, the current ideological fashion prevails, and its significance is proved by its commonness itself. "

The Recovery and Creation of Possibility

In the struggle between order and ambiguity, Bowman believes that only ambiguity can guarantee the possibility of human beings, which makes him believe that sociology and literature have the same purpose. In fact, Bowman’s sociology benefited more from literature, and he himself said that writers had a far greater influence on him than sociologists. In his voluminous works, we see more names such as Kundera, Kafka, Georges Perec Muzil, Peric and Italo Calvino.

Borges: Garden with Crossing Paths, Shanghai Translation Publishing House, July 2015.

In an interview with him, tester asked, "If you were stranded on a desert island one day, which book would you choose to bring with you?" The answer given by Bowman is Borges’s Garden with Crossing Paths. In the process of reinterpreting the world that human beings can’t reach, these writers created an unimaginable world, full of meaning and possibility. They turned decay into magic and opened up infinite possibilities. Bowman hoped that his sociology, like these works, would point to infinite possibilities.

Sociology and literature face the same problem here in Bowman, that is, the rigidity of human society, or Lukacs’ "reification". They deal with the same problem: the major changes in the structure of social life brought about by economic development. Sociology and literature should discuss how to deal with these "changes" from the level of "heart-individual-object-society" and think about how to face the problem of "individual resolution" under the background of the emergence of an object world, or how to show how structural facts limit the possibility of human beings.

Milan Kundera

On the road of saving ambiguity and possibility, Bowman stood with Kundera, and in fact Kundera often appeared in Bowman’s works. Kundera described a kind of "fuzzy world" in The Art of Fiction, which is the world Don Quixote faced when he left home. "Cervantes made us understand the world as a kind of fuzzy, and people are not faced with an absolute truth, but with a bunch of opposite truths, so the only assurance is uncertain wisdom, which is also a great force."

The spirit of the novel is that it has no absolute single truth, and it creates an ambiguous world. It is precisely because of its ambiguity that it gives us the opportunity to regain the possibility from inevitability. For Kundera, "it is immoral not to find a part of the novel that has never been known in the past," while for Bowman, "it is unethical not to find the sociology of possibility."

Sociology resists alienation

Therefore, we can compare Baumann’s sociology with Kundera’s novels, face up to the modern technology, science and culture with the art of reflection and the maintenance of possibility, and resist the passion of order, neat division and tight discipline culture. By explaining the existing forms of social and cultural categories, we can break the myth that reality is self-evident, and then promote the transformation between forms, making seemingly self-evident things appear ambiguous. This is the reply and creation of possibility. It is not only the hope to restore the past, so as to make the hidden voice speak, but also the hope to find obstacles or help in the process of pursuing possibility in the future by examining the past, because "only by looking back can we understand life, but if we want to live well, we must look forward."

Sociology’s concern for possibility means not only recovery, but also creation. It is not retrospective, but focuses on the creation of possibilities. It is this part of the task that makes Bowman’s sociology strongly critical. Possibility means something that hasn’t happened yet, and its occurrence in the future is not based on factual data, but on transcending the boundaries of facts, and endowing it with human will in transcendence, rejecting the limitation of existence threshold.

Robert musil: A Man Without Personality, Shanghai Translation Publishing House, April 2015.

Bowman thinks that the image of human in traditional social science is mechanical, just a reactor of external stimuli, rather than a real actor. He quoted Muzil’s novel A Man without Personality, implying that such science and reason can’t grasp the essence of human beings. Science not only reflects the human situation, but also closes the possibility of human beings, thus creating a world without personality and a world without experience. Muzil hopes to save people in the process of forgetting through his novels, which is precisely the particularity of human beings that Bowman insists on constantly. It must be remembered that human beings are free and independent, and at the same time they are faced with ethical choices. If sociology wants to jump out of such a cognitive model, it must transform itself into a possible practice and become a form of practice. Only practice can restore human action and dignity.

Zygmunt Bauman

Such a sociological idea is quite idealistic. Levine believes that Bowman represents the humanistic tradition in sociology, and he insists on the difference between critical sociology and scientific sociology. The latter represents the rule of instrumental rationality, while the former liberates rationality in practice. Secondly, Baumann’s sociological concepts such as "flowing modernity" and "post-modernity" should be attributed to an artist’s sensitivity, more to delicate experience and explanation of the current human situation than to constructing his own theory. For him, any work that turns wisdom and inspiration into procedure is doubtful, and it will shrink our experience field. Sociology should reject such an empty abstraction and pay attention to real and concrete people. "Sociology should understand the human world by either giving strength to the powerless or allowing itself to remain powerless to understand its own existence."

　　At the moment when the first generation of iPhone came out, the mobile end point industry structure has since completely changed, and mobile phones have gradually changed from communication tools to life tools. People have become increasingly inseparable from the company of smart phones.

　　iPhone subversion of the smart phone era, the revolutionary innovation of the evolution of human-machine interaction, and with the acceleration of the software-defined car era, the evolution of car intelligence is strikingly similar to that of mobile phones, and people are also looking forward to being redefined smart cockpit, which can improve the human-machine interaction experience of cars and cars to the same level as smart phones, and then realize the full-scene multi-end point intelligent connection of cars and mobile phones in the Internet of Everything.

　　In the flood of homogenization of car cabins, Lynk & Co, who aspires to "be a smartphone on wheels", has found the entrance to break the game, and has integrated cross-border innovation with Meizu to create the LYNK Flyme Auto "handcar interconnection" intelligent cockpit car system, which solves the pain points and stuck points encountered by users in the past, and elevates the aesthetic design, interactive logic, seamless flow and scene atmosphere of car functions to a new dimension.

　　As Lynk & Co’s new new energy medium-sized SUV, Lynk & Co 08 has become the first model to be equipped with the LYNK Flyme Auto system. Relying on the strong multi-end point interconnection capability, Lynk & Co 08 breaks the boundary between mobile phones and cars, and has no inductive connection. It has advanced the upper limit of vehicle intelligence by an order of magnitude, and there is no significant difference between user life and in-car scene perception. Such a "smart and sensory" digital intelligent cockpit experience, together with the aesthetic and practical design of luxury technology, forms the core differentiation advantage of Lynk & Co 08, which will bring users a high-value intelligent travel experience that is beyond expectations.

　　Crossing the smart frontier and establishing the ceiling of the cockpit experience

　　Intelligent cockpit is the core carrier for realizing the car as a mobile living space, and its interactive properties largely determine whether users can have a pleasant and convenient driving experience.

　　Nowadays, the development of smart phones is slowly being realized in smart cockpit applications, and it is developing in the same direction from the product form that can be directly perceived by users, such as fewer physical buttons, larger screens, more voice gesture control, more convenient operation, and more human interface. Mobile phones and cars are forming a new relationship of gradual integration, bringing powerful and practical multi-end point interconnection capabilities to the human-computer interaction experience. Under seamless docking, the car machine integrates the functions of the mobile phone, and the mobile phone content can also flow smoothly to the car machine.　

　　Lynk & Co 08 is the "super intelligent end point" that puts this "handcar crossing the line" ability on the car. Personalized design spiritual implantation and LYNK Flyme Auto system have raised the level of cockpit intelligence to the ceiling level.

　　The first thing to praise is the design of the Smart Bar on the main page of Lynk & Co 08, which can be highly customized and always "understand you". Smart Bar has created the traditional solidified Dock bar into a "Dynamic Island" similar to iPhone 14 Pro, which can increase dynamic adaptive interaction according to usage habits, intelligently match the needs of the current scene, and intuitively arrange the information that different users pay more attention to, which is truly convenient and easy to use.

　　In the smart window mode, the multi-task display on the same screen is more intuitive, and the multi-interface can be opened lightly, temporarily intervened, and jumped flexibly, solving a large number of temporary interaction needs, so as to achieve seamless switching like a mobile phone.

　　It is worth mentioning that the intelligent Aicy voice assistant equipped with Lynk & Co 08 also has the ability of "Inter-App communications visible and spoken", which can be combined with the context to realize multiple rounds of dialogue, custom wake words, emotional TTS, VPA image and other functions. Even the voice control from mobile phones to cars is basically uninterrupted, so as to obey.

　　For some "traditional smart car" pain points, such as the navigation in the mobile phone needs to be re-switched to the app on the car after getting on the car, and even re-searched; for example, the waiting time for OTA push upgrades is long and the effect is not satisfactory. These problems were solved perfectly by the LYNK Flyme Auto system after the Lynk & Co 08 "Handcar Internet" was not connected.

　　When the user brings the mobile phone with the Flyme system close to the vehicle, the vehicle can automatically unlock it, and actively welcome the guest through the semaphore logo light, which brings the user a sense of ceremony while realizing "no feeling" to unlock the seat on the car; after entering the car, the mobile phone navigation information will automatically flow to the central control large screen, and start immediately; under the "application relay", when the user accesses the mobile phone ecosystem, there is no need for distraction, and commonly used apps such as mobile music can be seamlessly transferred to the car large screen, without installation or traffic, and more services will be actively presented to the user.

　　Behind all this, relying on Geely’s full-stack self-developed technology to empower, Lynk & Co 08’s smart cockpit base Yikatong Antola 1000 Pro computing platform is equipped with two 7nm car-grade chips, under the GPU computing power of up to 1800 G (FLOPS), LYNK Flyme Auto’s car response is fast and smooth, so that the experience of Lynk & Co 08’s smart cockpit is truly "sensory" and "unbounded". This differentiated competitiveness also determines the ceiling of the user experience and the value of long-term connection.

　　Design fuses technology to create an immersive atmosphere

　　Lynk & Co 08 is a new evolution of the Lynk & Co brand to accelerate the transformation of new energy. Its obsession with innovation goes beyond intelligent interaction and creates a refreshing first-class atmosphere of technological luxury.

　　The moment you step into the Lynk & Co 08 car, a unique technological charm is coming. The preconceived idea is the industry’s first 92-inch unbounded AR-HUD, which can cover three lanes, 2k-level high definition resolution supports AR navigation, ADAS auxiliary information display and other functions, and can also automatically adjust the screen display height according to the height of the human eye to ensure the focus of the line of sight. With the 12.3-inch LCD dashboard, it fully meets the information needs during driving and creates a new travel experience for users.

　　Different from other car companies with serious homogeneity in the car design style, Lynk & Co 08 innovatively designed the 92-inch unbounded AR-HUD and front speaker into a futuristic "technology floating island", like a spaceship hovering on the dashboard, with a sci-fi three-dimensional atmosphere in place. The 15.4-inch ultra-clear central control display in the central control area has a resolution of up to 2560 * 1600, plus a narrow frame visual ID design, bringing the ultimate high definition large screen visual enjoyment.

　　After adding dynamic effects and scene transformation effects to the LYNK Flyme Auto car system, the entire cockpit atmosphere of Lynk & Co 08 is more warm. The time engine and weather engine onboard open up the virtual and real space, not only reproducing the light and shadow changes from the rising sun to the quiet late night on the live desktop, but also pulling the sunshine, rain and snow in reality into the desktop. Through the intelligent environment adjustment of Ruran air conditioner, users can choose different ideal scenes of "cold dew, morning breeze, warm sun, fireplace", and feel the immersive atmosphere that breaks the boundary between digital and reality. It is worth mentioning that Lynk & Co 08 also provides a nap mode. After turning on this mode, you can see fireflies flying out of the screen and "hiding" in the ambient light, giving users a "wilderness "-like experience.

　　As the first medium-sized SUV built by Lynk & Co for the new generation of family users, Lynk & Co 08 pays more attention to the care of the drivers and passengers in the car. The whole car adopts shallow support seats, the front seats are fully heated, ventilated and massaged, and the main driver’s seat is also equipped with a free-standing headrest speaker, which can enjoy navigation and music privately without disturbing other people in the car to rest; the passenger seat is equipped with a seat leg rest to provide better comfort. In the rear seat, which is more concerned by users, thanks to the long wheelbase of 2848mm, not only does it leave a loose legroom of 935mm, but the seat back can also achieve 2-gear adjustment of 28-33 °, creating a comfortable and comfortable atmosphere for the whole family to travel.

　　In addition, the Lynk & Co 08 is also the model that Lynk & Co currently uses the most environmentally friendly materials and craftsmanship. It follows a new generation of high-end design concepts and cares more about the travel health of the people in the car. The details show humanistic care and elegance.

　　It can not only adhere to innovation, lead the trend, but also inherit consistent high-end quality. Through a more delicate and innovative approach, Lynk & Co 08 has injected new connotations into the car’s smart cockpit in multiple dimensions such as taste, experience, and comfort, forming a closer value resonance with users. It can be called a better top-class choice.　

　　At present, the factors for the new generation of home users to buy a car have changed, and the smart technology level of the cockpit has become an important indicator second only to safety and power. Lynk & Co 08’s smart cockpit connects mobile phones and car systems, creating a new experience of intelligent and borderless interconnection with technological luxury, which is highly compatible with users’ dreams of chasing a high-quality lifestyle, and has shown explosive potential. (Text: Yang Xiaohong, Photo: Lynk & Co)

　　CCTV News:At 8 o’clock every day, CCTV will sort out the big and small things that happened around us within 24 hours.

　　Supreme law: strictly regulate commutation, parole, temporary execution outside prison, etc., and no one is allowed to enjoy extra-legal privileges.

　　Ministry of Education: There is no timetable for "Art Entrance Examination in 2022", and the school will test whatever it teaches, without adding burden to students.

　　Consumption list of 31 provinces in the first three quarters: Shanghai’s per capita exceeded 30,000, and 8 provinces outperformed the whole country.

　　Oil price increase: It will cost 3 yuan more to fill a box of No.92 gasoline.

　　Here comes the sheep! The first batch of 4,000 sheep donated by Mongolia entered the country.

　　US media: Trump considered dismissing the FBI director after the election because he failed to investigate Biden and his son.

　　Snowden, the revealer of Prism Gate, obtained a permanent residence permit in Russia.

　　The conflict in the Nagorno-Karabakh region continued, and both Armenia and Azerbaijan claimed to have shot down several drones of the other side.

　　Russian Health Minister Murashko tested positive for Covid-19.

　　An ICU ward in India is crawling with rats. Hospital: Rat traps have been installed and at least 50 rats have been caught.

　　Men’s network shows off supporting young girls? Police notification: it is fabricated false information.

　　Sixteen children in Dahua No.1 kindergarten in Guangxi vomited and suffered from abdominal pain, and the local disease control department has intervened.

　　Former Shenhua players beat fans in Hong Kong? Shanghai police: The person involved has been detained.

　　Sichuan police destroyed a pornographic live broadcast gang: 63 female anchors were arrested, involving more than 300 million cases.

　　Beichuan, Sichuan has three earthquakes in succession, almost at the same place.

　　Changsha officially notified that "the city management crushed the horseshoe of the vendor": the person involved was suspended for inspection.

　　Huangshan Scenic Area: The information that "welcoming pine is a plastic tree or a fake tree" is false.

　　The 91-year-old man organized a group of "Tortoise and Snake Crawling" to become popular in fitness. Participants: Others said that my face was good.

　　Double eleven, can you reduce the "midnight call"?

　　— — "Half-monthly Talk" comments on "Double Eleven" starting ahead of schedule.

　　Pay tribute to the hero of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea! "The 70th Anniversary of Chinese people’s Volunteer Army’s War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea" Commemorative Medallion was released.

　　In the Gushan Park in the West Lake Scenic Area of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, a mandarin duck takes a nap on the lake block.

　　Too quiet! The special warfare female soldier jumped 800 meters high.

　　See you at 8 o’clock tomorrow!

　　Editor in Charge: Sun Jie　

　　Editor: Wang Ruxi Tian Yudi

Harmonious marriage and family relations are of great significance to social stability. Happy families are all similar, and the relationship between husband and wife plays an important role in them. How to maintain the intimate relationship between husband and wife? Do you need to avoid children to solve the conflict between husband and wife? Experts say that the maintenance of marriage is slowly formed over time, and it is formed by two people in close interaction, mutual learning and acceptance. The growth of a newborn family begins with the interdependence of two people. Only husband and wife can walk the longest life together, so husband and wife need to be independent and interdependent. When there is a conflict between husband and wife, if the child is present, try to avoid fierce communication, because quarreling will adversely affect the growth of the child’s young mind. (Proofreading/Liang Yaqin)

CCTV News:"Shanghai Release" WeChat WeChat official account reported on August 13th that the normalized nucleic acid detection points in Shanghai will continue to provide free detection services until September 30th.

At present, there are still reports of socially positive infections in Shanghai, and the pressure of "external defense input and internal defense rebound" is still relatively high. In order to further consolidate the results of epidemic prevention and control and quickly find positive infected people, it is necessary to further strengthen the social nucleic acid detection at this stage. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and the city’s epidemic prevention and control, the office of the leading group for epidemic prevention and control of the city decided:

First, the city’s normalized nucleic acid testing point free testing service, extended to September 30, 2022.

2. From now until September 30, 2022, citizens should conduct nucleic acid testing at least once a week. If citizens have no record of nucleic acid testing within 7 days, their "code with application" will be given a yellow code; After the nucleic acid sampling is completed, its "application code" will be transcoded within 24 hours.

3. Citizens who have no record of nucleic acid testing within 7 days should participate in community convenience screening or carry out nucleic acid testing at nucleic acid sampling points in time. Those who "should not be inspected" and cause the spread of the epidemic will be investigated for corresponding legal responsibilities according to law.

Four, except in and out of the residential area, go to the nucleic acid sampling point for nucleic acid testing, medical treatment, etc., the yellow-coded personnel do not go out unless necessary, try to reduce contact with others and avoid going to public places where people gather.

Five, for long-term seriously ill patients in bed, the elderly, the disabled, infants and other special groups, all districts should provide convenient services for nucleic acid testing.

Six, if the public has any objection to its "with the application code", it can be reflected through the "with the application" or the Shanghai 12345 citizen service hotline and other channels.

Seven, the follow-up will be based on the risk analysis of the epidemic situation in our city, and the relevant policies and measures for nucleic acid detection will be adjusted accordingly.

[Reading Classics Theory]

At the celebration of the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC), General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized "developing people’s democracy in the whole process". The whole process of people’s democracy is real democracy, which reveals the essential characteristics of socialist democracy, that is, the people are the masters of the country; The whole process of people’s democracy is also concrete democracy, which is a summary of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s theory and practice of people’s democracy. The discussion of democracy has always been an important aspect of Marxist classical writers’ in-depth thinking. Engels pointed out in his letter to Ai Bernstein on March 24, 1884 that democracy is not abstract and static, and "the concept of democracy … changes with the change of people every time". It can be seen that democracy should be concrete and historical. Reviewing Engels’ assertion can provide theoretical support for us to understand more accurately the vivid practice of people’s democracy in the whole process of contemporary China.

There is no abstract democracy in the world.

Engels specifically talked about the issue of "democracy" in his letter to Ai Bernstein: "Democracy … this’ concept’ changes with the changes of the people every time … In my opinion, it should be said that the proletariat needs the form of democracy in order to seize political power, but for the proletariat, this form, like all political forms, is just a means."

The word "democracy" in German means "the people are in power". Engels argued that the concept of the people is changing, so the concept of democracy should also change with the changes of the people. The proletariat has its own understanding of democracy, and those backward classes also have their own understanding of democracy. Engels pointed out that "if someone wants to regard democracy as an end today, he must rely on … those dying classes". Democracy here refers to bourgeois democracy. In the eyes of "those dying classes", bourgeois democracy is regarded as an end. For the proletariat, bourgeois democracy is not impossible for us, but it can only be regarded as a means, not as an end. The goal of the proletariat is to establish real democracy. As Marx and Engels pointed out in the communist party Declaration, seizing political power and striving for democracy are the first step of the proletarian revolution. "The first step of the workers’ revolution is to make the proletariat rise to the ruling class and strive for democracy". Only after the proletariat, through class struggle, breaks the bourgeois state machine in the revolution and establishes the dictatorship of the proletariat can a real democratic system be established.

Democracy and "people in power" are always concrete and historical, because the people here are always concrete and historical. In different historical periods, the people have different contents, including different classes, strata and groups. Marx said, "The state is an abstract thing. Only the people are concrete things. " Comrade Mao Zedong put forward more clearly: "There is only concrete freedom and concrete democracy in the world, but there is no abstract freedom and abstract democracy." Therefore, we can’t talk about democracy in the abstract, but we should distinguish the specific connotation of people and democracy.

The economic base determines whether people can be masters of their own affairs.

The concept of democracy changes with the changes of the people. Fundamentally speaking, this change is determined by the economic base. Lenin pointed out: "Any democracy, like any political superstructure (this superstructure must exist before the class is eliminated and the classless society is established), in the final analysis, it serves production and is determined by the production relations in that society." The concept of democracy changes with the changes of the people, and the people’s practical activities themselves are restricted by certain social and historical conditions, among which economic conditions play a primary and decisive role. In different production relations or economic systems, people’s practical activities and their functions are different, so the form of democracy varies with the economic base and people’s practical activities, and develops with their development.

Bourgeois democracy is based on capitalist private ownership. Therefore, although it is formally a "one-person-one-vote" electoral system, it is said that the "people" and the majority are the masters of the country, but in essence it only serves the dictatorship of the minority, that is, the bourgeoisie. As Lenin pointed out, "bourgeois democracy guarantees the equality of citizens regardless of gender, religion, race and nationality at any time and place, but it has never been implemented anywhere". Bourgeois democracy just "allows the oppressed to decide once every few years who will represent and suppress them in the parliament". Therefore, although bourgeois democracy has developed in line with the capitalist mode of production, it has played a certain progressive role in the development of human history. "But it is always a narrow, incomplete, hypocritical and deceptive democracy under the capitalist system, which is a paradise for the rich, a trap and a scam for the exploited and the poor." This form of democracy will eventually be replaced by socialist democracy.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "the people are the masters of the country is the essence and core of socialist democratic politics". Socialism has eliminated the exploiting classes and enabled the overwhelming majority of the social population to be masters of their own affairs. Therefore, socialist democracy is the most extensive democracy that truly realizes the interests of the overwhelming majority of people in the history of human society.

The whole process of people’s democracy is the new development of socialist democracy.

The concept of democracy changes with the changes of the people. Only in the socialist stage, especially when the people can manage state affairs, economic and cultural undertakings and social affairs according to law through various channels and forms, and actually participate in all aspects of these democratic practices, can such people truly become the masters of the country, society and their own destiny, thus realizing real democracy. Lenin once reminded Russian revolutionaries that "proletarian or Soviet democracy does not focus on declaring the rights and freedoms of all people, but actually ensures that those working people who have been oppressed and exploited by capital can actually participate in state management." Lenin used two "realities" to emphasize that only by paying close attention to implementation can the people truly be masters of their own affairs. Ensuring and supporting the people to be masters of their own affairs is not a slogan or empty talk, but must be implemented in all aspects of national political life and social life.

Since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has United and led the people to successfully open up and adhere to the road of political development in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and gradually implemented the requirements of the broadest socialist democracy. In November 2019, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed during his inspection tour in Shanghai: "People’s democracy is a whole-process democracy, and all major legislative decisions are made through scientific and democratic decision-making in accordance with procedures and through democratic brewing." People’s democracy in the whole process not only adheres to and perfects the institutional requirements of socialist democracy for the participation subject and the comprehensive content, but also emphasizes the integrity of the actual participation process itself, so that the people’s subjective status is more respected and the people’s initiative spirit is better brought into play. The whole process of people’s democracy includes democratic election, democratic consultation, democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Whether the people enjoy democratic rights depends on whether they have the right to vote in elections and whether they have the right to participate continuously in daily political life;" It depends on whether the people have the right to democratic elections and whether they have the right to democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision. Socialist democracy requires not only complete institutional procedures, but also complete participation in practice. " This important exposition points out that the whole process of people’s democracy emphasizes not only the complete institutional procedures, but also the complete participation in practice, the construction of the democratic system itself and the actual operation of the democratic system.This ensures that democracy in Socialism with Chinese characteristics is sustainable and can take root.

(Author: xingxing, a researcher at the Beijing Supreme Leader New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center and a researcher at the Marxist Text Research Center of the School of Philosophy of Beijing Normal University)

Big data focuses on hot spots　

Zhihu new comprehensive attention to young people’s demands

Zhihu’s upcoming youth round-table talk series "Talks in the Wilderness" focuses on the stories, thoughts and cognition of young people. The program invited Li Xueqin, Xi Rui, Li Haoyuan, Zhang Ruonan, Jiang Xiangui, Li Songwei and Liu Boyang, outstanding respondents from Zhihu, as guests, and adopted the mode of four regular guests and one flying guest in each session to discuss the high fever in Zhihu Station. The program production team "Everyone Records" has produced high-profile humanities documentary programs such as Thirteen Invitations, Friends and Discretion. The recording scene of the program moves from the studio to the outdoors, avoiding scenic spots and popular routes, choosing wilderness, forest and river beach, and combining the space scene with the content theme under the concept of "spiritual wilderness", which is quite aware of the unique tonality of the community.

"The Career I yearn for" is a documentary observation program for young people in the workplace. In each issue, an outstanding post-90 s workplace person leads the audience to experience different careers in an immersive way. During the program, the audience can feel the daily work of programmers in Silicon Valley, walk into foreign companies and Internet giants, and get close to the lawyer industry … At the same time, the program sets up a second observation room to invite professionals to discuss topics, so that users can gain interesting and useful workplace skills. The regular guests of the program include Yang Tianzhen, Ming Chen and Ran Gaoming.

College entrance examination is the focus of the whole society. During the college entrance examination in 2022, there were 7.67 million questions related to the college entrance examination in Zhihu, and the number of related search words was 197 million times. Many college entrance examination "experienced people" share their knowledge, experience and opinions in Zhihu, and many candidates look for the "answers" they want in Zhihu. In this context, the college entrance examination documentary interview variety show "My College Entrance Examination Forgetting Book" came into being. The original script of the program comes from the college entrance examination topics that young users pay attention to and discuss hotly in Zhihu, and the user’s question-and-answer interaction. Respondents ranged in age from 20 to 40, covering a variety of occupations.

Jiang Mingxue, head of the pan-entertainment operation team in Zhihu, told the reporter of Variety Daily that there are a lot of professional discussions and high-quality contents in Zhihu in the fields of college entrance examination, workplace, life and emotion. "The upcoming three variety shows are an extension of Zhihu’s content ecology. The program invited many Zhihu hosts as guests, which will provide a broad development space for the creators. From the content point of view, these three variety shows not only have innovative breakthroughs in themes, but also conform to the current cultural and ideological trends of young users, and are an interpretation of the development direction of Zhihu as a question and answer community. "

Love women homemade variety show

Xiaohongshu focuses on young lifestyles.

The diversified little red book is also expanding the territory of entertainment products and joining the self-made variety track. In July last year, Xiaohongshu launched the travel reality show "Escape from the City Plan". Subsequently, the same type of "Two Days and One Night Camping Plan" was launched in Xiaohongshu, inviting bloggers to camp in various places. Xiaohongshu also launched a cultural program "Night in the Corner", in which Liang Wendao, the host, together with Chen Danqing, Chen Di, Liu Qing, Li Houchen, Huang Zhizhong, Jiang Sida and other guests, expressed their opinions on topics of concern or hot discussion among young people at present, such as love will, consumption concept and investment proposition.

At the end of 2021, Xiaohongshu’s self-made life program "I’m going to live like this" went online, and traveled around the city through "life home" and "experience officer", opening up lifestyles in different scenes such as sports, travel and art, and driving users to share their hobbies. In May of this year, the program started the second season of "camping season" with a new theme. Under the wave of reasoning variety sweeping across major platforms, Xiaohongshu recently launched a self-made variety "Let’s Reasoning Together", inviting bloggers at the head of the platform to participate and launch an immersive script killing.

Judging from the content and form, the variety show launched by Xiaohongshu has a short duration, and KOL and fashion stars in the station are invited as guests. These variety shows are quite platform-oriented, basically focusing on the lifestyle of young people, and the content also focuses on the common tourism, food and other sectors of the platform. Little Red Book’s self-made variety shows are biased towards female theme content. According to the "2021 Little Red Book Active User Portrait Trend Report", women account for 90.41% of the active users of Little Red Book. Taking female theme as the starting point is a major feature of its vertical marketing.

Variety enhances user stickiness　

Differentiated advantages produce "long tail"

"Compared with film and television content, variety shows have stronger social attributes and are easier to drive community fans." Bao Ran, a member of the Science and Technology Committee of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television and the Network Audiovisual Professional Committee, told the reporter of Variety Daily that Zhihu and Xiaohongshu are both community platforms. In order to stimulate the stock and growth, they need to broadcast and share new stories, so as to increase the user’s stickiness and strengthen the connection between communities.

Bao Ran takes Xiaohongshu as an example. The advantage of UGC (user-generated content) in the station is that it is fast in quantity, but the disadvantage is that quality control is difficult to grasp. "At present, the regulatory authorities are more and more strict in the management of MCN institutions and online celebrity, and Xiaohongshu needs to constantly optimize and improve the community content ecology. Homemade variety shows are not only more formal, but also have a production threshold, which is conducive to the transfer of traffic to high-quality content. " Bao Ran bluntly said that many Internet platforms are now facing the bottleneck of the disappearance of user growth dividends. Both Xiaohongshu and Zhihu have been exploring new paths beyond their core business in recent years.

However, compared with Tik Tok, Aauto Quicker, bilibili and Watermelon Video, Zhihu and Xiaohongshu have not made such a big step, and a series of actions are just constantly strengthening their platform attributes. For example, several programs launched by Xiaohongshu are typical micro-variety shows, closely following social topics such as camping and travel; Zhihu’s upcoming program also focuses on issues of concern to youth groups based on its own characteristics of "professional discussion". "The cost of traditional variety shows is gradually rising, and the income depends solely on advertising sponsorship, and the shelf life is also short. Zhihu and Xiaohongshu exert their strength in variety shows. Naturally, they have to take a differentiated route to get a slice of the market. This small and beautiful strategy is a good choice. " Bao Wei said.

Talking about the expectation of self-made variety shows on the platform, Jiang Mingxue said that the layout of self-made variety shows is an attempt by Zhihu to extend high-quality content and an innovation of traditional variety shows. The production, dissemination, interaction and aggregation of the contents of the three programs are all completed in Zhihu. At the same time, the opinions and topics in the program will be widely discussed by users on Zhihu, which will precipitate and accumulate, resulting in the long tail effect. "We hope that Zhihu’s high-quality content can form a positive content closed loop and create a better community ecology."

Photo: Douban, program official micro

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