CCTV News:At 8 o’clock every day, CCTV will sort out the big and small things that happened around us within 24 hours.

　　Supreme law: strictly regulate commutation, parole, temporary execution outside prison, etc., and no one is allowed to enjoy extra-legal privileges.

　　Ministry of Education: There is no timetable for "Art Entrance Examination in 2022", and the school will test whatever it teaches, without adding burden to students.

　　Consumption list of 31 provinces in the first three quarters: Shanghai’s per capita exceeded 30,000, and 8 provinces outperformed the whole country.

　　Oil price increase: It will cost 3 yuan more to fill a box of No.92 gasoline.

　　Here comes the sheep! The first batch of 4,000 sheep donated by Mongolia entered the country.

　　US media: Trump considered dismissing the FBI director after the election because he failed to investigate Biden and his son.

　　Snowden, the revealer of Prism Gate, obtained a permanent residence permit in Russia.

　　The conflict in the Nagorno-Karabakh region continued, and both Armenia and Azerbaijan claimed to have shot down several drones of the other side.

　　Russian Health Minister Murashko tested positive for Covid-19.

　　An ICU ward in India is crawling with rats. Hospital: Rat traps have been installed and at least 50 rats have been caught.

　　Men’s network shows off supporting young girls? Police notification: it is fabricated false information.

　　Sixteen children in Dahua No.1 kindergarten in Guangxi vomited and suffered from abdominal pain, and the local disease control department has intervened.

　　Former Shenhua players beat fans in Hong Kong? Shanghai police: The person involved has been detained.

　　Sichuan police destroyed a pornographic live broadcast gang: 63 female anchors were arrested, involving more than 300 million cases.

　　Beichuan, Sichuan has three earthquakes in succession, almost at the same place.

　　Changsha officially notified that "the city management crushed the horseshoe of the vendor": the person involved was suspended for inspection.

　　Huangshan Scenic Area: The information that "welcoming pine is a plastic tree or a fake tree" is false.

　　The 91-year-old man organized a group of "Tortoise and Snake Crawling" to become popular in fitness. Participants: Others said that my face was good.

　　Double eleven, can you reduce the "midnight call"?

　　— — "Half-monthly Talk" comments on "Double Eleven" starting ahead of schedule.

　　Pay tribute to the hero of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea! "The 70th Anniversary of Chinese people’s Volunteer Army’s War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea" Commemorative Medallion was released.

　　In the Gushan Park in the West Lake Scenic Area of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, a mandarin duck takes a nap on the lake block.

　　Too quiet! The special warfare female soldier jumped 800 meters high.

　　See you at 8 o’clock tomorrow!

　　Editor in Charge: Sun Jie　

　　Editor: Wang Ruxi Tian Yudi

Harmonious marriage and family relations are of great significance to social stability. Happy families are all similar, and the relationship between husband and wife plays an important role in them. How to maintain the intimate relationship between husband and wife? Do you need to avoid children to solve the conflict between husband and wife? Experts say that the maintenance of marriage is slowly formed over time, and it is formed by two people in close interaction, mutual learning and acceptance. The growth of a newborn family begins with the interdependence of two people. Only husband and wife can walk the longest life together, so husband and wife need to be independent and interdependent. When there is a conflict between husband and wife, if the child is present, try to avoid fierce communication, because quarreling will adversely affect the growth of the child’s young mind. (Proofreading/Liang Yaqin)

CCTV News:"Shanghai Release" WeChat WeChat official account reported on August 13th that the normalized nucleic acid detection points in Shanghai will continue to provide free detection services until September 30th.

At present, there are still reports of socially positive infections in Shanghai, and the pressure of "external defense input and internal defense rebound" is still relatively high. In order to further consolidate the results of epidemic prevention and control and quickly find positive infected people, it is necessary to further strengthen the social nucleic acid detection at this stage. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and the city’s epidemic prevention and control, the office of the leading group for epidemic prevention and control of the city decided:

First, the city’s normalized nucleic acid testing point free testing service, extended to September 30, 2022.

2. From now until September 30, 2022, citizens should conduct nucleic acid testing at least once a week. If citizens have no record of nucleic acid testing within 7 days, their "code with application" will be given a yellow code; After the nucleic acid sampling is completed, its "application code" will be transcoded within 24 hours.

3. Citizens who have no record of nucleic acid testing within 7 days should participate in community convenience screening or carry out nucleic acid testing at nucleic acid sampling points in time. Those who "should not be inspected" and cause the spread of the epidemic will be investigated for corresponding legal responsibilities according to law.

Four, except in and out of the residential area, go to the nucleic acid sampling point for nucleic acid testing, medical treatment, etc., the yellow-coded personnel do not go out unless necessary, try to reduce contact with others and avoid going to public places where people gather.

Five, for long-term seriously ill patients in bed, the elderly, the disabled, infants and other special groups, all districts should provide convenient services for nucleic acid testing.

Six, if the public has any objection to its "with the application code", it can be reflected through the "with the application" or the Shanghai 12345 citizen service hotline and other channels.

Seven, the follow-up will be based on the risk analysis of the epidemic situation in our city, and the relevant policies and measures for nucleic acid detection will be adjusted accordingly.

[Reading Classics Theory]

At the celebration of the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC), General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized "developing people’s democracy in the whole process". The whole process of people’s democracy is real democracy, which reveals the essential characteristics of socialist democracy, that is, the people are the masters of the country; The whole process of people’s democracy is also concrete democracy, which is a summary of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s theory and practice of people’s democracy. The discussion of democracy has always been an important aspect of Marxist classical writers’ in-depth thinking. Engels pointed out in his letter to Ai Bernstein on March 24, 1884 that democracy is not abstract and static, and "the concept of democracy … changes with the change of people every time". It can be seen that democracy should be concrete and historical. Reviewing Engels’ assertion can provide theoretical support for us to understand more accurately the vivid practice of people’s democracy in the whole process of contemporary China.

There is no abstract democracy in the world.

Engels specifically talked about the issue of "democracy" in his letter to Ai Bernstein: "Democracy … this’ concept’ changes with the changes of the people every time … In my opinion, it should be said that the proletariat needs the form of democracy in order to seize political power, but for the proletariat, this form, like all political forms, is just a means."

The word "democracy" in German means "the people are in power". Engels argued that the concept of the people is changing, so the concept of democracy should also change with the changes of the people. The proletariat has its own understanding of democracy, and those backward classes also have their own understanding of democracy. Engels pointed out that "if someone wants to regard democracy as an end today, he must rely on … those dying classes". Democracy here refers to bourgeois democracy. In the eyes of "those dying classes", bourgeois democracy is regarded as an end. For the proletariat, bourgeois democracy is not impossible for us, but it can only be regarded as a means, not as an end. The goal of the proletariat is to establish real democracy. As Marx and Engels pointed out in the communist party Declaration, seizing political power and striving for democracy are the first step of the proletarian revolution. "The first step of the workers’ revolution is to make the proletariat rise to the ruling class and strive for democracy". Only after the proletariat, through class struggle, breaks the bourgeois state machine in the revolution and establishes the dictatorship of the proletariat can a real democratic system be established.

Democracy and "people in power" are always concrete and historical, because the people here are always concrete and historical. In different historical periods, the people have different contents, including different classes, strata and groups. Marx said, "The state is an abstract thing. Only the people are concrete things. " Comrade Mao Zedong put forward more clearly: "There is only concrete freedom and concrete democracy in the world, but there is no abstract freedom and abstract democracy." Therefore, we can’t talk about democracy in the abstract, but we should distinguish the specific connotation of people and democracy.

The economic base determines whether people can be masters of their own affairs.

The concept of democracy changes with the changes of the people. Fundamentally speaking, this change is determined by the economic base. Lenin pointed out: "Any democracy, like any political superstructure (this superstructure must exist before the class is eliminated and the classless society is established), in the final analysis, it serves production and is determined by the production relations in that society." The concept of democracy changes with the changes of the people, and the people’s practical activities themselves are restricted by certain social and historical conditions, among which economic conditions play a primary and decisive role. In different production relations or economic systems, people’s practical activities and their functions are different, so the form of democracy varies with the economic base and people’s practical activities, and develops with their development.

Bourgeois democracy is based on capitalist private ownership. Therefore, although it is formally a "one-person-one-vote" electoral system, it is said that the "people" and the majority are the masters of the country, but in essence it only serves the dictatorship of the minority, that is, the bourgeoisie. As Lenin pointed out, "bourgeois democracy guarantees the equality of citizens regardless of gender, religion, race and nationality at any time and place, but it has never been implemented anywhere". Bourgeois democracy just "allows the oppressed to decide once every few years who will represent and suppress them in the parliament". Therefore, although bourgeois democracy has developed in line with the capitalist mode of production, it has played a certain progressive role in the development of human history. "But it is always a narrow, incomplete, hypocritical and deceptive democracy under the capitalist system, which is a paradise for the rich, a trap and a scam for the exploited and the poor." This form of democracy will eventually be replaced by socialist democracy.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "the people are the masters of the country is the essence and core of socialist democratic politics". Socialism has eliminated the exploiting classes and enabled the overwhelming majority of the social population to be masters of their own affairs. Therefore, socialist democracy is the most extensive democracy that truly realizes the interests of the overwhelming majority of people in the history of human society.

The whole process of people’s democracy is the new development of socialist democracy.

The concept of democracy changes with the changes of the people. Only in the socialist stage, especially when the people can manage state affairs, economic and cultural undertakings and social affairs according to law through various channels and forms, and actually participate in all aspects of these democratic practices, can such people truly become the masters of the country, society and their own destiny, thus realizing real democracy. Lenin once reminded Russian revolutionaries that "proletarian or Soviet democracy does not focus on declaring the rights and freedoms of all people, but actually ensures that those working people who have been oppressed and exploited by capital can actually participate in state management." Lenin used two "realities" to emphasize that only by paying close attention to implementation can the people truly be masters of their own affairs. Ensuring and supporting the people to be masters of their own affairs is not a slogan or empty talk, but must be implemented in all aspects of national political life and social life.

Since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has United and led the people to successfully open up and adhere to the road of political development in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and gradually implemented the requirements of the broadest socialist democracy. In November 2019, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed during his inspection tour in Shanghai: "People’s democracy is a whole-process democracy, and all major legislative decisions are made through scientific and democratic decision-making in accordance with procedures and through democratic brewing." People’s democracy in the whole process not only adheres to and perfects the institutional requirements of socialist democracy for the participation subject and the comprehensive content, but also emphasizes the integrity of the actual participation process itself, so that the people’s subjective status is more respected and the people’s initiative spirit is better brought into play. The whole process of people’s democracy includes democratic election, democratic consultation, democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Whether the people enjoy democratic rights depends on whether they have the right to vote in elections and whether they have the right to participate continuously in daily political life;" It depends on whether the people have the right to democratic elections and whether they have the right to democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision. Socialist democracy requires not only complete institutional procedures, but also complete participation in practice. " This important exposition points out that the whole process of people’s democracy emphasizes not only the complete institutional procedures, but also the complete participation in practice, the construction of the democratic system itself and the actual operation of the democratic system.This ensures that democracy in Socialism with Chinese characteristics is sustainable and can take root.

(Author: xingxing, a researcher at the Beijing Supreme Leader New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center and a researcher at the Marxist Text Research Center of the School of Philosophy of Beijing Normal University)

Big data focuses on hot spots　

Zhihu new comprehensive attention to young people’s demands

Zhihu’s upcoming youth round-table talk series "Talks in the Wilderness" focuses on the stories, thoughts and cognition of young people. The program invited Li Xueqin, Xi Rui, Li Haoyuan, Zhang Ruonan, Jiang Xiangui, Li Songwei and Liu Boyang, outstanding respondents from Zhihu, as guests, and adopted the mode of four regular guests and one flying guest in each session to discuss the high fever in Zhihu Station. The program production team "Everyone Records" has produced high-profile humanities documentary programs such as Thirteen Invitations, Friends and Discretion. The recording scene of the program moves from the studio to the outdoors, avoiding scenic spots and popular routes, choosing wilderness, forest and river beach, and combining the space scene with the content theme under the concept of "spiritual wilderness", which is quite aware of the unique tonality of the community.

"The Career I yearn for" is a documentary observation program for young people in the workplace. In each issue, an outstanding post-90 s workplace person leads the audience to experience different careers in an immersive way. During the program, the audience can feel the daily work of programmers in Silicon Valley, walk into foreign companies and Internet giants, and get close to the lawyer industry … At the same time, the program sets up a second observation room to invite professionals to discuss topics, so that users can gain interesting and useful workplace skills. The regular guests of the program include Yang Tianzhen, Ming Chen and Ran Gaoming.

College entrance examination is the focus of the whole society. During the college entrance examination in 2022, there were 7.67 million questions related to the college entrance examination in Zhihu, and the number of related search words was 197 million times. Many college entrance examination "experienced people" share their knowledge, experience and opinions in Zhihu, and many candidates look for the "answers" they want in Zhihu. In this context, the college entrance examination documentary interview variety show "My College Entrance Examination Forgetting Book" came into being. The original script of the program comes from the college entrance examination topics that young users pay attention to and discuss hotly in Zhihu, and the user’s question-and-answer interaction. Respondents ranged in age from 20 to 40, covering a variety of occupations.

Jiang Mingxue, head of the pan-entertainment operation team in Zhihu, told the reporter of Variety Daily that there are a lot of professional discussions and high-quality contents in Zhihu in the fields of college entrance examination, workplace, life and emotion. "The upcoming three variety shows are an extension of Zhihu’s content ecology. The program invited many Zhihu hosts as guests, which will provide a broad development space for the creators. From the content point of view, these three variety shows not only have innovative breakthroughs in themes, but also conform to the current cultural and ideological trends of young users, and are an interpretation of the development direction of Zhihu as a question and answer community. "

Love women homemade variety show

Xiaohongshu focuses on young lifestyles.

The diversified little red book is also expanding the territory of entertainment products and joining the self-made variety track. In July last year, Xiaohongshu launched the travel reality show "Escape from the City Plan". Subsequently, the same type of "Two Days and One Night Camping Plan" was launched in Xiaohongshu, inviting bloggers to camp in various places. Xiaohongshu also launched a cultural program "Night in the Corner", in which Liang Wendao, the host, together with Chen Danqing, Chen Di, Liu Qing, Li Houchen, Huang Zhizhong, Jiang Sida and other guests, expressed their opinions on topics of concern or hot discussion among young people at present, such as love will, consumption concept and investment proposition.

At the end of 2021, Xiaohongshu’s self-made life program "I’m going to live like this" went online, and traveled around the city through "life home" and "experience officer", opening up lifestyles in different scenes such as sports, travel and art, and driving users to share their hobbies. In May of this year, the program started the second season of "camping season" with a new theme. Under the wave of reasoning variety sweeping across major platforms, Xiaohongshu recently launched a self-made variety "Let’s Reasoning Together", inviting bloggers at the head of the platform to participate and launch an immersive script killing.

Judging from the content and form, the variety show launched by Xiaohongshu has a short duration, and KOL and fashion stars in the station are invited as guests. These variety shows are quite platform-oriented, basically focusing on the lifestyle of young people, and the content also focuses on the common tourism, food and other sectors of the platform. Little Red Book’s self-made variety shows are biased towards female theme content. According to the "2021 Little Red Book Active User Portrait Trend Report", women account for 90.41% of the active users of Little Red Book. Taking female theme as the starting point is a major feature of its vertical marketing.

Variety enhances user stickiness　

Differentiated advantages produce "long tail"

"Compared with film and television content, variety shows have stronger social attributes and are easier to drive community fans." Bao Ran, a member of the Science and Technology Committee of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television and the Network Audiovisual Professional Committee, told the reporter of Variety Daily that Zhihu and Xiaohongshu are both community platforms. In order to stimulate the stock and growth, they need to broadcast and share new stories, so as to increase the user’s stickiness and strengthen the connection between communities.

Bao Ran takes Xiaohongshu as an example. The advantage of UGC (user-generated content) in the station is that it is fast in quantity, but the disadvantage is that quality control is difficult to grasp. "At present, the regulatory authorities are more and more strict in the management of MCN institutions and online celebrity, and Xiaohongshu needs to constantly optimize and improve the community content ecology. Homemade variety shows are not only more formal, but also have a production threshold, which is conducive to the transfer of traffic to high-quality content. " Bao Ran bluntly said that many Internet platforms are now facing the bottleneck of the disappearance of user growth dividends. Both Xiaohongshu and Zhihu have been exploring new paths beyond their core business in recent years.

However, compared with Tik Tok, Aauto Quicker, bilibili and Watermelon Video, Zhihu and Xiaohongshu have not made such a big step, and a series of actions are just constantly strengthening their platform attributes. For example, several programs launched by Xiaohongshu are typical micro-variety shows, closely following social topics such as camping and travel; Zhihu’s upcoming program also focuses on issues of concern to youth groups based on its own characteristics of "professional discussion". "The cost of traditional variety shows is gradually rising, and the income depends solely on advertising sponsorship, and the shelf life is also short. Zhihu and Xiaohongshu exert their strength in variety shows. Naturally, they have to take a differentiated route to get a slice of the market. This small and beautiful strategy is a good choice. " Bao Wei said.

Talking about the expectation of self-made variety shows on the platform, Jiang Mingxue said that the layout of self-made variety shows is an attempt by Zhihu to extend high-quality content and an innovation of traditional variety shows. The production, dissemination, interaction and aggregation of the contents of the three programs are all completed in Zhihu. At the same time, the opinions and topics in the program will be widely discussed by users on Zhihu, which will precipitate and accumulate, resulting in the long tail effect. "We hope that Zhihu’s high-quality content can form a positive content closed loop and create a better community ecology."

Photo: Douban, program official micro

Please send the submission to the email address:

zongyiweekly@163.com

　Please see the micro store for purchase.

　　On the morning of June 15th, the State Taxation Bureau and Local Taxation Bureau of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and cities under separate state planning merged and listed in a unified way, marking a key step in the reform of the national tax and local tax collection and management system. After the listing of the new provincial tax bureau, before the end of July, the municipal and county tax bureaus will complete the reform issues such as centralized office and listing of new institutions step by step.

　　(Wang Jun, Party Secretary and Director of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, and Chen Jining, Deputy Secretary of Beijing Municipal Committee and Mayor jointly unveiled the Beijing Municipal Taxation Bureau of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China)

　　Reforming the collection and management system of national tax and local tax is a major reform to strengthen the party’s overall leadership over tax work and enhance the role of tax service in national governance. What is the significance of this reform? How will the reform be promoted step by step? What sense of gain will the reform bring to taxpayers?

　　Why to build an optimized, efficient and unified collection and management system?

　　The Plan for Deepening the Reform of the Party and State Institutions clearly states that the main content of the reform of the collection and management system of national taxation and local taxation is to merge the national taxation and local taxation institutions at or below the provincial level, implement a dual leadership management system with State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China as the main body and the provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) governments, and hand over various social insurance premiums such as basic old-age insurance premiums, basic medical insurance premiums and unemployment insurance premiums to the tax authorities for unified collection.

　　Wang Jun, director of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, said that this is a major reform to strengthen the Party’s overall leadership over tax work, to enhance the role of tax revenue in serving the country’s governance, to build a strong tax image for the people, to facilitate the people and to benefit the people, and to build a strong foundation for the long-term development of tax revenue.

　　Why should the tax authorities be merged from the separation of national tax and local tax?

　　The "Proposal" points out the purpose of the reform: reducing the collection cost, rationalizing the relationship between responsibilities, improving the efficiency of collection and management, and providing taxpayers with better, more efficient and convenient services.

　　The "Proposal" requires that the structural layout and strength allocation should be improved in accordance with the principle of combining "slimming" with "fitness" to build an optimized, efficient and unified tax collection and management system.

　　Hu Yijian, dean of the Institute of Public Policy and Governance of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, believes that the reform of national tax and local taxation institutions from separation to merger is conducive to improving operational efficiency, including reducing collection costs, improving collection and management efficiency, and promoting fair competition. After the merger of national tax and local tax agencies, tax-related information exchange, unified collection and management, consistent treatment, preferential transparency, promote the normal and reasonable flow of enterprises between regions, and allocate resources more effectively and rationally.

　　How to change the seven stagesstepcarry forward

　　The reform of tax institutions involves both tax collection and fee collection. It is necessary to integrate a variety of complex issues across sectors and promote them at different levels at the provincial, city, county and township levels. How will the reform be promoted?

　　According to Wang Jun, director of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China, according to the overall schedule, which is a little later than the ministries and commissions and a little earlier than the local institutional reform, the reform of tax institutions can be divided into seven main stages: unifying thoughts to ensure stability, designing top-level plans, mobilizing deployment, improving the model of provincial bureaus, promoting full coverage in cities and counties, summing up experience to find gaps, optimizing and improving and upgrading.

　　In order to ensure that the reform is vigorously, orderly and effectively promoted, the State Administration of Taxation has established a three-level system of "reform plan+supporting measures+operation documents" and formulated a task account, road map and timetable for a package of reform matters to ensure the smooth progress and implementation of the reform.

　　According to the overall arrangement of the reform of the national tax and local tax collection and management system, the institutional reform of the tax system will be promoted in the order of listing first and then "three decisions", making the provincial bureau reform sound first and then solidly promoting the reform of the municipal bureau and county bureau, merging the national tax and local tax institutions first and then transferring the social security fees and non-tax revenue collection and management responsibilities. Before the end of July, the municipal and county tax bureaus will complete the reform of centralized office and listing of new institutions step by step.

　　Fan Yong, a professor at the Central University of Finance and Economics, said that after the reform of the tax collection and management system, non-tax revenue and social insurance premiums will be included in the tax department’s collection and management. This will undoubtedly make social security fees and non-tax revenue more standardized in the system, which will not only help reduce the cost and improve the efficiency of collection and management, but also create conditions for future tax and fee system reform, unify the government revenue system, standardize the income distribution order, and consolidate the modernization foundation of national governance.

　　New changes optimize taxpayers’ tax experience

　　After the reform of the tax collection and management system, how will the collection and management business and information system be integrated?

　　Rao Lixin, Director of the Department of Tax Collection and Science and Technology Development of the State Administration of Taxation, introduced that the State Administration of Taxation has formulated the Work Plan for Reforming the Tax Collection and Management System of National Taxation and Local Taxation. With the listing of new tax agencies at the provincial, municipal and county levels, the tax system will realize "six unifications" at that time, namely "one office for national taxation and local taxation", "one network for national taxation and local taxation", 12366 "one-click consultation" and one-time collection of real-name information.

　　The State Administration of Taxation has made it clear that after the listing of new institutions, in order to facilitate taxpayers to pay taxes, most tax service offices will keep their existing tax service places and locations unchanged. Another direct change is that taxpayers will reduce the submission of tax information. The tax authorities of all provinces sort out the list of items in the same business of the original national tax and local tax, integrate the submitted materials, and archive the materials in a unified way, so that taxpayers only need to submit one set of the same materials and apply for the same tax-related items once.

　　In addition, taxpayers can also handle all tax-related matters in one office. At present, there are 9,365 tax service offices in China that have achieved "one hall for all".

　　Zhao Xiaogang, a financial officer of Buchang Pharmaceutical Company, said that "one office for all" not only avoids "running back and forth", but also further unifies, degenerates and standardizes the submission of tax-related information, simplifies and optimizes the tax payment process and reduces the tax payment cost.

　　Li Wanfu, director of the Tax Science Research Institute of the State Administration of Taxation, said that the smooth merger of national tax and local tax agencies will definitely improve the capacity building of tax collection and management in an all-round way, lay a good institutional and institutional foundation for the sustainable growth of national fiscal revenue, and provide a strong guarantee for tax collection and management to further deepen the tax reform.

Poster of "Dream of the Dream"

Special feature of 1905 film network　On October 14th, the Hollywood fantasy film Dream of the Giant was released in mainland China. As we all know, it is a masterpiece of the great director Steven Allan Spielberg this year, but most people may not know it very well. There is a more legendary figure behind this film. The following small series will take you to understand the shocking life experience of this great children’s literature writer.　

• He used to be a pilot in World War II, but he survived a plane crash.

• He is a Norwegian, but he serves Britain and works as a spy in the United States.

• He declared himself an anti-Semitic, so he was boycotted in Israel.

• He married an Oscar-winning actress, but divorced because he cheated on her best friend at the age of 67.

• He is an outstanding British children’s literature writer, and his position in the hearts of British readers even exceeds that of J.K. Rowling;

• He is the original author of Dream of the Dream, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and Fantastic Mr. Fox — — Roald dahl.

  

A giant, a witch, a flying peach, and a little girl with special functions, Roald has created many fantastic and ingenious fairy tales, but if you get to know him better, you will find that his life is no less wonderful than his stories.

A naughty childhood is the source of works.

　

In 1916, Roald was born in Cardiff, the capital of Wales, England. His parents were Norwegian, and Roald’s name also came from the famous Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen..

　

Roald Amundsen was the first person in the world to reach the South Pole.

When Roald was 3 years old, his 7-year-old sister died of appendicitis, and a month later, his father died of pneumonia. Because of his father’s early death, orphans often appear in his fairy tales. For example, James, the protagonist in The Adventures of Flying Peach, whose parents were eaten by rhinoceros, Luke in The Witch and Sophie in The Dream of a Giant are orphans (Sophie’s name comes from Roald’s granddaughter).

James and Luke

Roald used to be naughty when he was a child. There is a candy store on his way to school. The proprietress is very hard on the children, and she won’t let them touch the candy. She also said that they would leave if they didn’t buy anything. So Roald and his friends put a dead mouse in her candy jar.

　

To this end, Roald and his friends were called to the principal’s office to spank. The headmaster is very good at hitting people. He will hit them every five seconds, because the pain is usually delayed for a while, and the second stick comes at the same time when it hurts the most. It is conceivable that this is probably the prototype of the cruel and irritable principal in Matilda.

The headmaster in Matilda

　

When he was in middle school, Cadbury Chocolate Factory would send new chocolate products and ask students to help test the taste. Roald’s dream at that time was to invent a new type of chocolate by himself, which was recognized by Cadbury, which was the source of inspiration for Charlie and the Chocolate Factory.

Second, the open life does not need to be explained.

　

After graduation,RoaldJoined the famous oil company Shell, and was transferred to Tanzania, Africa. At that time, he needed to cross Tanzania to provide oil for customers, so he was attacked by lions, cobras and other wild animals on his way, but they all survived.

　

During World War II, Roald joined the British Air Force, and he conducted flight training with 20 companions. As a result, 17 people died in air combat. Once, an air force commander asked him to fly to a seaside town. At that time, pilots didn’t have navigation equipment, and they all relied on maps to identify their directions. He flew in accordance with the instructions and found that it was a desert and could not find the airport to land. At this time, it was getting dark, so he had to risk landing. As a result, the wheels of the plane hit the gravel, causing the plane to crash and catch fire. He climbed out of the plane and took his life. Later, I learned that it was the commander who made a mistake in his position.

　

Roald was taken to the hospital. He was injured in both eyes, and his vision had not recovered. He fell in love with the nurse who looked after him by voice. Eight weeks later, the first person he saw when his vision recovered was the same nurse, but he decided not to love her anymore. Why do you think this is?

　

In 1942, Roald, who was discharged from the army, was sent to the British Embassy in the United States, during which he met the famous writer C.S. Forrest.Because Forrest worked for British intelligence, Roald was also influenced by it and began to engage in espionage. During the war, he gave information about Washington to his boss, William Stephenson, a Canadian spy leader who was famous for his bravery. It is said that,RoaldIts main task is to gather intelligence by luring powerful American women.

　

Later, when Roald returned to Britain, the intelligence department doubted his loyalty to Britain and kicked him out of the intelligence unit.After that, thanks toStephenson was promoted to his official position so that he could return to work in Washington.

Roald dahl Square

In 1990,RoaldDied, in order to commemorate him, Cardiff’s landmark Oval Basin plaza was renamed as Roald Dahl Plass. "Plass" means Norwegian square, which is to express his recognition of Norwegian nationality. His birthday, September 13th, was also designated as roald dahl Day.

Third, the legendary marriage is like a tragicomedy.

Roald was married twice. The first wife was Patricia Neal, a beautiful woman and the winner of the Oscar for Best Actress. Her major works include day the earth stood still, Breakfast at Tiffany’s and Heidi.

Patricia Neal in his youth.

They have five children. When his son Theo was four months old, he was hit by a taxi in the stroller, causing severe brain edema and almost losing his eyes. Roald and experts developed a medical product to relieve symptoms, which made Theo gradually recover and grow up smoothly. Later, their seven-year-old daughter Olivia died of measles.

Roald and Patricia

　

The disaster didn’t stop. Patricia suffered three strokes when she was pregnant with her fifth child Lucy at the age of 39. Roald tried every means to help her recover, and it was a year before she could walk and talk again. However, love can’t last longer than gold, and sharing weal and woe doesn’t necessarily last forever. In 1983, Patricia found out that Roald had an affair with his best friend, and then decided to divorce.

Fourth, I never stop writing and finally embark on the road of literature.

After coming to the United States,ForrestEncouraged by him, Roald began to write war memoirs, and thus embarked on the road of writing. Roald wrote three novels and more than 60 short stories, and won three Allen Poe Literature Awards.

　

Roald’s story is not only sought after by American magazines, but also favored by the film and television circles. Walter Disney had planned to adapt his first children’s literature work, The Naughty Elf, into a film, but it failed.

Walter Disney andRoald

His adult novel The Smoker was included in Hitchcock’s Suspense Stories, and was later adapted into a part of the film Four Rooms by Quentin Talentino.Roald himself has been a screenwriter, and his works include the 007 series "Lei Ting Gu" and his own work "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" in 1971.

Five, Roald’s major film adaptations

Dream of the Dream Giant 2016

Sophie, a girl in an orphanage, couldn’t sleep at night and found a giant several stories high. The giant took her back to her cave. It turned out that she was a kind-hearted giant who specialized in collecting dreams and then blew them into the children’s room with a trumpet. But other giants are terrible, and they all take people as food. The film tells the story of Sophie and a good-hearted giant against a man-eating giant.

Fantastic Mr. Fox 2009.

Father Fox bought a tree house, and the neighbors across the street were three ruthless farmers. The delicious food on the farm aroused the desire of Father Fox to be a "Jiang Yang thief", so he made a detailed plan and successfully looted three farms. But the farmers are not good. They decided to catch Father Fox by all means. This protracted war is on the verge of breaking out, even involving all the animals in the surrounding area. Who will win or lose in the end?

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory 2005.

The film tells that the little boy Charlie and his family live a poor and harmonious life. Charlie’s favorite is the chocolate produced by Wonka Chocolate Factory. This is the largest chocolate factory in the world. His owner, Mr. Wonka, is very creative and invents all kinds of sweets, but the factory alwaysgateLocked, it seems that no one has ever come in or out. One day, Mr Wonka announced that he would invite five lucky children to visit his factory, and Charlie became the last lucky one. So, what amazing secrets are hidden in this mysterious factory?

Adventures of Flying Peach, 1996

The little boy James’s parents were eaten by rhinoceros, and two vicious aunts adopted him. The daily abuse made him miserable. One day, James met a mysterious old man. The old man’s magic made a huge peach grow in the yard. James climbed into the peach and met six insects who were also enchanted. They went to dream new york by giant peach together, and went through all kinds of difficulties along the way.

Matilda 1996

Matilda was gifted since she was a child. She began to take care of herself at the age of two. At the age of four, she was able to read books in the library by herself, but her parents were not proud of it. Instead, they always tortured her for her eagerness to learn. After Matilda went to school, her principal was a strong man who liked to abuse students and threw them out of the window at every turn. The only thing that brings Matilda comfort is her teacher, Miss Henny, but Miss Henny also has her own secrets. Matilda gradually discovered that she had the special function of moving things with her mind. She used this skill to teach the headmaster and help Miss Henny.

The Witch 1990

Luke, a little boy whose parents died, lived alone with his grandmother. When the grandparents and grandchildren went to the hotel for a holiday, Luke broke into a big gathering of witches all over Britain and was turned into a mouse by witches. Luke decided to fight with the witches in order to prevent them from hurting other children.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attaches great importance to network security, pointing out that "there is no national security without network security". The security of cyberspace includes not only the security of the network itself, but also the generalized security of data, information system, intelligent system, information physical integration system and so on. Data security is the foundation of cyberspace security and an important part of national security. Its importance has attracted the attention of government departments, enterprises and institutions, and it is also a research field that researchers need to pay more attention to.

Guan Xiaohong

Academician of China Academy of Sciences,

Director, Department of Electronics and Information, Xi ‘an Jiaotong University,

Chief scientist, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Network and Network Security, Ministry of Education

　　On September 1, 2021, the Data Security Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Data Security Law) came into effect, which further ensured that data was in a state of effective protection and legal utilization, so as to better protect the legitimate rights and interests of individuals and organizations and safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests. Based on this, it is necessary to adopt a two-pronged approach of technology and management, put forward systematic countermeasures and solutions, and formulate relevant standards and implementation methods.

　　Connotation of data security

　　Data security refers to taking necessary measures to ensure that data is in a state of effective protection and legal utilization, and has the ability to ensure a continuous security state. Data security should ensure the safety of the whole process of data production, storage, transmission, access, use, destruction and disclosure, and ensure the confidentiality, integrity and availability of data processing. In addition, we should also deal with the relationship of public data in a heterogeneous way, such as personal name, contact information, vehicle registration, social media and so on. Although these are all non-entity implied data, they often involve personal privacy and may even cause public safety problems such as real-time positioning.

　　Data security is closely related to network security, information security, system security, content security and information physical integration system security. In order to better understand the connotation of data security, it is necessary to summarize its main related contents.

　　Network security mainly refers to the safe operation of the Internet, other information networks and computer networks, monitoring and preventing attacks against and from the network, and ensuring the safe operation and legal use of network infrastructure. Data security involves the security in the production, transmission and use of network data, and ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, availability, authenticity and controllability of network data is the main task of network security.

　　Information security mainly refers to ensuring the availability, confidentiality, integrity and non-repudiation of information in the process of transmission, processing and storage of systems and networks, including the security of cryptographic systems. Among them, the data security involved in information security mainly includes two aspects: first, it refers to the security of the data itself, and generally adopts modern cryptographic algorithms and other technologies to actively protect the data; Second, it refers to the security of data protection, which usually adopts modern information storage and other means to actively protect data.

　　System security mainly refers to the safe operation of software and hardware information systems such as operating system, cloud system, terminal system and application software system, to ensure that the system is not attacked by malicious codes and other malicious attacks, and to ensure the normal operation and legal use of the system. Data security is the key factor of system operation security.

　　Content security mainly refers to the authenticity, reliability and legality of information content in the process of network communication. Content security involves the association of users’ multi-source data, the theft of private data, social network confrontation and other security issues.

　　The security of information and physical integration system mainly refers to the comprehensive security of key infrastructure such as energy and transportation, involving the engineering security of physical system and the network information security of information system and the security under their mutual influence. Information physics fusion system has the characteristics of flowing among data flow, energy flow and material flow. Data security and infrastructure engineering security interact with each other, resulting in new comprehensive security risks.

On May 27th, 2021, 2021 China International Big Data Industry Expo was held in Guiyang, Guizhou Province. The picture shows the participants stepping into the "Digital Expo" site.

　　The importance of data security

　　Data security is closely related to network security and is an important part of national sovereignty and national security. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that data, as a new production factor, has a great influence on the transformation of traditional production methods. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "We must effectively protect national data security. It is necessary to strengthen the security protection of key information infrastructure, strengthen the national key data resource protection capability, and enhance the data security early warning and traceability capabilities. "

　　Network data is one of the main targets of network attacks, for example, man-in-the-middle attacks may destroy the integrity and authenticity of transmitted data. At present, some network platforms, while providing services, have some problems, such as over-demanding, over-collecting, storing and sharing network data, and even "transferring" the rights and interests of data subjects to unauthorized institutions, thus threatening the security of network data processing and leading to serious network security risks. Ensuring network data security is an important basis for maintaining network security.

　　Data security is also the core of information security. Under the trend of intelligence, data forgery based on intelligent technology brings new challenges to information security. Taking face information forgery as an example, face data can be falsely generated by intelligent technology, which leads to errors in judgment of human and machine perception systems, personal privacy violations, commercial fraud and other problems, and even social crisis.

　　In recent years, intelligent systems are facing data security threats such as antagonistic samples and data pollution. Attackers can add malicious input samples formed by subtle interference, which leads to errors in the prediction results of intelligent systems, resulting in serious security risks of intelligent systems; You can even add a certain proportion of malicious samples to the normal sample data set for training through data pollution, which will trigger many intelligent systems to make mistakes and cause security hazards. Therefore, ensuring data security is an important means to maintain system security.

　　In terms of personal use, users’ data security may cause content security problems. Based on massive multi-source heterogeneous user data, including user interactions such as friends’ relationships, criminals can realize cross-network correlation analysis, generate fake text content with a low threshold, generate guiding information through specific subject content and deliver it to the target group, so as to achieve illegal purposes such as creating social contradictions.

　　In addition, errors in measurement or control data related to key infrastructure such as energy and transportation may cause cascading failures, resulting in serious security threats to information and physical integration systems. For example, in 2010, the international "earthquake net" attack against nuclear power plants destroyed the normal operation of centrifuges by hijacking and forging malicious control instructions, and at the same time stole and reset the system data during the normal operation of centrifuges to avoid the operation monitoring of the system, which eventually caused serious consequences of a large number of centrifuges being damaged.

　　To sum up, ensuring data security and promoting data development and utilization can effectively safeguard network security, information security, system security, content security and information physical integration system security, thus safeguarding national sovereignty, security and development interests.

　　Safeguard measures and innovation paradigm of data security

　　Ensuring data security is a complex system engineering. The general provisions of the Data Security Law stipulate that the competent departments of industry, telecommunications, transportation, finance, natural resources, health and wellness, education, science and technology shall be responsible for data security supervision in their own industries and fields. Public security organs and state security organs shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Law and relevant laws and administrative regulations, undertake the duties of data security supervision within the scope of their respective duties. In addition, it is stipulated in Article 16 of Chapter II that the state supports the research on data development and utilization and data security technology, encourages technology popularization and business innovation in the fields of data development and utilization and data security, and cultivates and develops data development and utilization and data security products and industrial systems. Therefore, to deal with the threats and challenges faced by data security, it is necessary not only to ensure the security of data in the whole life cycle from the perspective of science and technology, but also to provide legal basis and policy guarantee for data security protection from the perspective of government governance and cooperation with multiple departments by perfecting laws and regulations and establishing a supervision system.

　　Facing the data security in the whole life cycle of data production, storage, transmission, access, use and destruction, it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy, authenticity, fairness and security of data in the process of data production and collection, so we can establish a data classification management system by means of data classification. At the same time, technologies such as blockchain and digital watermarking can be used to identify and record data sources to prevent malicious tampering. In addition, through malicious data filtering technology, the possible biased samples, forged samples and antagonistic samples in the data are filtered, thus ensuring the safety of data production.

　　First of all, in view of the security problems such as unauthorized access to data, modification or destruction of data in the process of data storage, data can be encrypted by efficient encryption algorithm to ensure the security of data; Through the key management service, the whole life cycle security management of keys is realized; The data security is guaranteed by various strategies such as storage replication, data redundancy and hard disk protection.

　　Secondly, in view of the security problems in data transmission, a complete data gene system can be constructed by using data gene technology to ensure traceability, traceability and correlation during data transmission, so as to ensure the correctness of data transmission; Encrypted transmission can be used to encrypt data and secure data transmission through secure transmission protocol.

　　Thirdly, in view of the various malicious attacks and decryption algorithms in data access, which may lead to malicious and illegal access to data and lead to serious consequences such as data leakage, theft and abuse, new access control and multi-factor authentication mechanisms based on blockchain can be used to verify and authorize user identity.

　　Finally, in view of the security problems of data use, technologies such as data anonymization and data desensitization can be adopted to ensure that data is accessed and processed within the authorized scope, and to prevent security problems such as data theft, privacy disclosure and damage. In the process of data destruction, common methods are easy to cause incomplete data destruction and malicious recovery of data content, leading to serious security risks such as data leakage. Therefore, data can be completely destroyed or deleted by means of data association destruction, soft destruction and hard destruction.

　　At present, in order to solve the problem of data security protection, it is urgent to create a new computing paradigm constrained by privacy protection and security, and combine the technologies of edge data storage, decentralized distributed data storage and anonymous sensitive information to build a distributed data security management scheme to realize data security and privacy protection services. For example, enterprises or individuals can store files on edge devices through near-end services such as data encryption, and store data in a decentralized distributed storage system in combination with encrypted transmission. At the same time, they can manage and authorize access to anonymous personal files of sensitive information through blockchain and other technologies to realize data security and privacy calculation subject to security and privacy constraints.

　　At the same time, we should strengthen the formulation and implementation of data security-related laws and policies to make them an important part of the social governance system, and at the same time strengthen data security supervision and build a data security management system. Through the top-level design, detailed implementation rules are formulated, data ownership, use right and responsibility attribution are divided, and management methods such as hierarchical management and hierarchical protection are implemented. Combined with technical means, the data security computing paradigm based on the organic combination of data hosting and national supervision is realized.

　　Generally speaking, data security is not only an important aspect of safeguarding national security, but also closely related to personal rights and interests. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a new paradigm of combining management and technology, establish a life-cycle data security technology system, and realize comprehensive and effective protection of data security.

　　"Hong Kong has no democracy under British colonial rule. The China government resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong and implemented ‘ One country, two systems ’ The policy has created a democratic system in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and supported its continuous development and improvement in practice. " A few days ago, the State Council issued a white paper entitled "Democratic Development in Hong Kong under" One Country, Two Systems ",which comprehensively reviewed the emergence and development of democracy in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and further clarified the central government’s principled position on democratic development in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

　　On December 27th, the State Council Office held a briefing on the white paper "Democratic Development in Hong Kong under" One Country, Two Systems ".Three experts and scholars explained the contents of the white paper and answered questions from reporters.

　　"One country, two systems" is the fundamental guarantee for the democratic development of Hong Kong.

　　The white paper points out that "one country, two systems" is not only the best solution to the Hong Kong issue left over from history, but also the best system to maintain long-term prosperity and stability after Hong Kong’s return, and the fundamental guarantee for the democratic development of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

　　Wang Zhenmin, a professor at the Law School of Tsinghua University, director of the Hong Kong and Macao Research Center of Tsinghua University and vice president of the National Hong Kong and Macao Research Association, introduced that the white paper showed the real picture of Hong Kong’s democratic development in a panoramic way, organically connected many seemingly isolated historical events and stories, and clarified the historical latitude and longitude and the logical connection among them. The publication of the white paper is timely, significant and far-reaching.

　　The white paper clearly stated that "one country, two systems" provided a fundamental guarantee for the democratic development of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

　　"It clarifies the ‘ in the development of democracy in Hong Kong; One country ’ And ‘ Two systems ’ The relationship between ‘ One country ’ Yes ‘ Two systems ’ The premise and foundation of ‘ Two systems ’ Dependent and derived from ‘ One country ’ , and unified in ‘ One country ’ Within. " Han Dayuan, a professor at Renmin University of China Law School and a member of the Hong Kong Basic Law Committee in the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), said.

　　"The socialist system implemented by the main body of the state and the capitalist system implemented by the special administrative region go hand in hand, but the primary and secondary relationship between them cannot be reversed." Han Dayuan emphasized that what kind of democratic system is implemented in Hong Kong is related to the relationship between the central authorities and the Special Administrative Region, and to the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong. According to the Constitution and the Basic Law, the central government has the leading power and decision-making power in the development of democracy in Hong Kong. Only under the leadership of the central government can democracy in Hong Kong develop healthily, stably and sustainably.

　　Explore the road of democratic development with Hong Kong characteristics

　　The white paper emphasizes that the constitutional status and actual situation of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region under "one country, two systems" determine that the basic attribute of its political system is a local political system. Therefore, its democratic system should not copy the model of any other place, and it must follow the principle of "one country, two systems" and the Basic Law, in line with Hong Kong’s political, economic, social, cultural and historical conditions, and explore a path of democratic development with Hong Kong characteristics.

　　"Hong Kong’s political system has the attributes of local political system, so ‘ One country, two systems ’ The next election in Hong Kong is a local election. " Han Dayuan pointed out.

　　Han Dayuan said that according to the Constitution and the Basic Law, the democracy practiced in Hong Kong is an integral part of People’s Republic of China (PRC)’s national democracy. At the same time, the state has specified the main contents, procedures and basic principles of the democratic system of the Special Administrative Region through the Basic Law. Of course, as a local democracy, Hong Kong can implement a democratic system with Hong Kong characteristics different from the mainland according to the legal provisions and the actual situation of Hong Kong.

　　The white paper points out that the emphasis on "patriots ruling Hong Kong" does not mean that dissidents or advocates are not allowed to exist, nor does it mean suppressing the voices criticizing the government.

　　Han Dayuan said, "Patriot ruling Hong Kong" is the fundamental principle to improve the electoral system and promote the democratic development of Hong Kong. The principle of "Patriot ruling Hong Kong" does not mean "uniform", but emphasizes that any Hong Kong resident can participate in elections and the future governance of Hong Kong according to law as long as he upholds the position of patriotism and love for Hong Kong and does not engage in activities that endanger national sovereignty, security, development interests and Hong Kong’s prosperity and stability.

　　Hong Kong SAR has bright prospects for democratic development.

　　The white paper points out that under "one country, two systems", the prospects for democratic development in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region are bright, and the road to democracy is bound to become wider and wider.

　　"People are determined to spend more energy and resources on developing the economy, improving people’s livelihood and creating a better life, so as to lay a solid economic and social foundation for Hong Kong’s democratic and healthy development." Wang Zhenmin said.

　　Zhi Zhenfeng, a researcher at the Institute of Law of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and a researcher at the Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao Research Center of the China Academy of Social Sciences, said that since the return to the motherland, Hong Kong’s business environment has been constantly improving, and it has always been at the leading level in the world. "One country, two systems" guarantees democracy and the rule of law in Hong Kong.

　　Zhi Zhenfeng suggested that Hong Kong’s education, journalism, literature and art, especially all walks of life that provide recreational products for young people, should take action to correctly understand the relationship between "one country, two systems" and democracy in Hong Kong, including young people, and to create positive, healthy and high-quality works for the sound development of democracy in Hong Kong.

　　People’s Daily (December 28, 2021, 02 edition)