Say goodbye to the old year and welcome in the Year of the Tiger. Lion dance, big head Buddha, lantern festival, writing Spring Festival couplets … colorful folk activities, fragrant intangible culture everywhere; Rice cakes, fried dumplings, oil angle, sugar rings … steaming hometown flavor, happy Bay Area people. Follow the host into villages, towns, flower markets and ancient villages to unlock the Spring Festival features of seven Greater Bay Area cities, namely Shenzhen, Foshan, Huizhou, Dongguan, Zhongshan, Jiangmen and Zhaoqing, and show you different tastes of the New Year.

　　Xinhuanet Beijing, February 14th (Wang Ying) In another day, we will usher in the long-awaited 30th anniversary. With the sound of firecrackers, the whole family is round and happy. As the most grand traditional festival of the Chinese nation, how do you spend your Spring Festival? Apart from eating jiaozi on holidays, how can we make the New Year taste and recall?

　　Clever hand-cut window grilles let the atmosphere of New Year flow naturally at home.

　　Before the festival, many families are busy preparing new year’s goods and buying new year’s gifts. In the new year’s goods, there are inevitably some festive objects that decorate the room, such as blessing characters, window grilles and auspicious pendants of the zodiac. In fact, in the past, there was no need to buy window grilles, and many families cut and pasted them themselves. On a square inch of red paper, a jubilant image was cut out.

　　"Window grilles" are commonly known as paper cutting. In the past, no matter the north or the south, stick grilles was used during the Spring Festival. Nowadays, people in the South usually only paste it when they get married, while the custom of stick grilles in the North during the Spring Festival is still prevalent in many places. Why do you want stick grilles for the Spring Festival? This is closely related to the solar terms in beginning of spring. Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once wrote in his poem: "Carving gold to win the praises of Jing and customs, and cutting green to create a Jin style for people." The "Jing custom" and "Jin style" in the poem point out this origin. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the time to cut and paste window grilles to welcome the Spring Festival was changed from beginning of spring, and people used paper-cutting to express their happy mood.

　　Window grilles not only set off the festive atmosphere, but also bring people beautiful enjoyment, integrating decoration, appreciation and practicality. Today, when DIY is advocated, if you are free, you might as well buy some red paper, try to cut small window grilles yourself, and decorate your home with skillful hands.

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　　Writing Spring Festival couplets to keep the whole family safe and happy.

　　Like window grilles, in many families’ new year’s goods lists, there is also a Spring Festival couplets, and some exquisite families will also buy door gods. It’s a little more difficult for door gods to make their own self-control, but Spring Festival couplets can still try to write by themselves, which not only exercises calligraphy, but also improves the literary level.

　　Like window grilles, Spring Festival couplets have a history of thousands of years. According to the records of the Jade Candle Collection and Yanjing’s Chronicle, the original form of Spring Festival couplets is what people call "Taofu". In the Song Dynasty, people began to write couplets on the mahogany board, one of which did not lose the meaning of killing evil spirits, the other expressed their good wishes, and the third decorated the portal for beauty. Later, people wrote couplets on red paper symbolizing happiness and auspiciousness, and posted them on both sides of doors and windows during the Spring Festival to express people’s good wishes for good luck in the coming year.

　　In addition to Spring Festival couplets, many places also retain the custom of sticking to the door. In the folk, the door god is a symbol of righteousness and force. The ancients believed that people with strange looks often had magical temperament and extraordinary skills. They are honest and kind-hearted, and it is their nature and responsibility to catch ghosts and capture demons. Zhong Kui, the ghost hunter admired by people, is such a strange look. Because the doors of residential houses are usually two opposite, the door gods are always in pairs. After the Tang Dynasty, in addition to shentu and Yu Lei, people regarded Qin Shubao and Weichi Gong, two military commanders in the Tang Dynasty, as gatekeepers. Since then, the custom of taking these two famous men as door gods has begun to spread widely among the people.

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　　In the sound of firecrackers, we should say goodbye to the old year and welcome the new year.

　　Watching the New Year’s Eve is an important folk custom in China, also known as wasting time, staying up late, which means family reunion on New Year’s Eve and staying up late to welcome the Lunar New Year. In ancient times, there were two meanings of observing the old age: the old people’s observing the old age means "resigning the old age", which means cherishing time; Young people keep their age to prolong the life of their parents. Since the Han dynasty, the time when the old and the new years alternate is generally at midnight. On New Year’s Eve, people of all ages, men and women, will be brightly lit and get together to watch the new year.

　　In the past, people used to have a New Year’s Eve dinner and spend a wonderful night together. Since the 1980 s, there has been a new content of observing the Spring Festival Gala: people all over the country watch it together. The Spring Festival Gala, which lasted more than four hours, was rich and varied, and people greeted the ringing of the New Year bell with laughter.

　　It is worth mentioning that Suzhou people have to wait for the loud bell coming from Fengqiao Hanshan Temple on New Year’s Eve. When the bell passes through the dark night and reaches thousands of families, it marks the arrival of the new year. No matter spring, summer, autumn and winter, the bell will ring in Hanshan Temple at midnight every day, which is called "Minute Night Minute" by the people.

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　　On New Year’s Eve, we should give the younger generation lucky money and hope that the children will grow up healthily, safely and happily.

　　For children, the happiest thing during the Spring Festival is the lucky money from the elders. Year’s money, also known as "year’s money" and "year’s money", is one of the thrifty things in the old customs. The original intention of lucky money is to ward off evil spirits. People think that children are vulnerable to sneaky attacks. If you wrap money in red paper on New Year’s Eve, you won’t dare to harass them again. Therefore, people call this kind of money "precious money". Because "precious" and "old" have the same pronunciation, they are called "lucky money" for a long time. Use lucky money to overcome evil spirits, help children celebrate the New Year safely, and wish them good health and luck in the new year.

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　　From the first day to the sixth day, I will pay New Year greetings, return to my parents’ homes, and "drive the five poor"

　　After New Year’s Eve, people ushered in a new year. In the past, from the first day of the first month to the fifteenth day of the first month, there were various holiday customs. With the changes of the times and the differences in different places, many customs have gradually faded away, and what remains is worth cherishing and inheriting.

　　On the first day of the first month, people usually set off firecrackers after getting up in the morning, which is called "opening the door to have a firecracker". After the sound of firecrackers, the ground is full of broken red, which is called "full house red" In many areas, children have to be dressed in new clothes on the morning of the first day. After everyone is dressed neatly, they will go out to visit relatives and friends, pay New Year greetings to each other and wish the New Year. When paying New Year’s greetings, the younger generation should first pay New Year’s greetings to the elders, wishing them a long and healthy life. The elders can distribute the lucky money prepared in advance to the younger generation. In many places, brooms and garbage are not put out on the first day of the first month of the first month, and a large bucket is prepared to hold waste water, and it is not spilled on the same day.

　　On the second or third day of the first month, for many families, it is the day when a married girl returns to her parents’ home with her husband, commonly known as "Welcome Husband Day". On this day, we will also visit relatives and friends and worship each other for the Spring Festival, commonly known as "eating New Year’s wine". In Shanghai, guests bring gifts to their homes with their families. Gifts are generally local specialties, and the host invites guests to drink "Yuanbao tea" (that is, two green olives are added to the tea to brew together). This tea tastes a little bitter at first, but has a sweet aftertaste, which means that it is good to make money through hard work.

　　On the fourth day of the third grade, because of different local customs, there are also differences in passing the law. By the fifth day of the fifth year, people will "drive the five poor", commonly known as "breaking the five poor", including "poor in intelligence, poor in learning, poor in literature, poor in life and poor in communication". After people get up in the morning, they set off firecrackers and clean up. Firecrackers are set off from the inside out, and as they are set off, they go outside the door, which means to drive out all unlucky things. Legend has it that this day is the birthday of the god of wealth, so it is also an auspicious day to welcome the god of wealth. Shanghai has the custom of grabbing the road head in the old calendar year. On the fourth night of the first month of the first month, prepare sacrifices, cakes, incense sticks and other things, and ring gongs and drums to burn incense for worship, and sincerely respect the god of wealth. In order to compete for the market, it is called "grabbing the road head" before the fourth day, also known as "picking up the God of Wealth".

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　　Jiaozi still wants to eat, but jiaozi in the 30 s is very different.

　　Nowadays, people are used to eating jiaozi in festivals and festivals. Although it’s nothing new to eat jiaozi during the Spring Festival, jiaozi at the age of 30 is very different. When wrapping jiaozi, in addition to various delicious fillings, people often wrap candied beans, peanuts, dates, chestnuts, coins, etc., which means good luck in the coming year. In some areas, when eating jiaozi, some non-staple food should be added to show good luck. If you eat tofu, it symbolizes the happiness of the whole family; Eating persimmon symbolizes all the best; Eating three fresh vegetables symbolizes the prosperity of three yang. In addition, many areas in the south do not eat jiaozi on New Year’s Eve, but choose to eat rice cakes or glutinous rice balls. Although the ingredients are different, the good expectations for the New Year are the same.

　　Why do you have to eat jiaozi during the Spring Festival, especially on the eve of the Lunar New Year? In fact, eating jiaozi means "making friends at a younger age", and "zi" means "zi Shi", which is homophonic with "jiao" and means "happy reunion" and "good luck". Generally, jiaozi in the 30′ s should be wrapped before 12 o’clock in the evening and eaten at midnight, because this is the beginning of the first day of the first lunar month. Happy new year!

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　　Times are changing, people’s ideas are changing, and the way of celebrating the Spring Festival is also changing. Nowadays, many traditional Chinese New Year customs are gradually forgotten by people, and some new Chinese New Year style, such as family trips and flying adventures in the world of ice and snow, have become many people’s choices. It is said that the taste of the year has faded, and there is nothing more special except eating jiaozi. In fact, the taste of the year is not weak, but what is weak is our choice. The Chinese New Year is coming soon. Follow these rich Chinese New Year customs and start a different kind of Chinese New Year with full atmosphere and deep connotation!

　　Despite the growing concern about the economic recession in Europe and America, the pace of retailers opening offline stores has not slowed down.

　　Recently, URW and Hammerson, the largest shopping mall operators in Europe, reported that their rental business revenues both exceeded the level of 2019 in the second quarter of this year.

　　The situation across the Atlantic is quite similar. Macerich, an American shopping mall operator, said that in the second quarter of this year, the number of leases signed by the company increased by 27% year-on-year, which was 47% higher than that in 2019. The company said that the current demand of retailers is at the highest level since 2015. DavidSimon, CEO of Simon Real Estate in the United States, said that in Las Vegas, Florida, California … … The demand of retailers is gradually picking up. "Even if something happens in the world, we haven’t seen anyone withdraw from the (lease) transaction." He said.

　　According to market research firm Coresight Research, so far this year, American retailers have opened a net of 2,478 offline stores. You know, last year, American retailers only opened 68 stores. In 2019, 9,832 American retailers closed their stores and only 4,689 opened.

　　Sun Xiao is currently working as a real estate investment manager in an investment management company in France, and he also feels deeply about the above phenomenon. "In Paris, offline stores such as luxury goods are long queues of consumers, which is quite similar to the situation before the epidemic."

　　In an interview with China Business News, he said, "With the slowdown of epidemic prevention policy and the arrival of the tourist season, everyone’s pent-up offline demand has been released. However, it remains to be seen whether this phenomenon will continue. In the case of inflation and interest rate hikes, the real income of European and American residents in the future may be affected, and the increase in service consumption may also squeeze the demand for commodity consumption. "

On July 8, a man wearing a mask walked in the Louvre Square in Paris, France. Xinhua News Agency

　　Retailers increase their efforts to open offline stores.

　　In recent months, with the high inflation and the tightening of monetary policy by European and American central banks, consumer retail in Europe and America has shown a weak trend. According to the latest data released by the German Federal Statistical Office, in June, Germany’s retail sales fell by 8.8% year-on-year, the largest annual decline since records began in 1994. According to data from the US Department of Commerce, in June, US retail sales increased by 1% month-on-month. Among them, the retail sales of clothing and accessories decreased by 0.4% from the previous month.

　　Simon Real Estate believes that the reason why European and American retailers open stores offline is slightly different from the macro environment is because consumers’ consumption behavior has diverged. In the context of high inflation, the enthusiasm of young consumers with relatively poor incomes may decline, which is reflected in the slowdown in sales of retailers such as Fast Fashion. However, the sales of retailers such as men’s suits continue to grow. "Consumers with relatively high incomes are still spending money." Simon said.

　　This phenomenon is also supported by the data of the recent luxury goods earnings season. In the first half of this year, Hermes’ revenue increased by 23%, LVMH’s revenue increased by 21% and kering’s revenue increased by 16%. Generally speaking, luxury goods are mostly sold offline. The above luxury brands said that their sales in Europe and the United States have increased substantially. With the arrival of the tourist season, the euro has weakened, and luxury stores in Paris and Milan are now crowded with American tourists who come to "sweep the goods".

　　Zhang Yi, CEO of Ai Media Consulting, said in an interview with the First Financial Reporter that during the epidemic, many European and American governments provided more "stimulus checks" to the people through financial and monetary policies. At present, European and American consumers, especially middle-and high-income consumers, still accumulate more savings, which is the main reason to support the above-mentioned middle-and high-end consumption.

　　According to Moody’s rating agency, as of May, the total excess savings of American residents was about 2.5 trillion US dollars, accounting for more than 10% of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP)..The agency found that compared with the middle and high income groups, the residents with the lowest income of 20% were one of the few groups that did not use their savings in the first quarter.

　　Lagarde, president of the European Central Bank, said in the middle and late July that the savings accumulated by households in the region during the epidemic and the strong labor market are supporting consumption in the region.

　　Douglas Healey, senior executive vice president of Macerich leasing business, also said that another reason for promoting the expansion of offline stores is that Europe and the United States have gradually loosened epidemic prevention policies, the restoration of tourism has arrived, and the consumption scene is gradually returning from online to offline. For example, sports brands such as Fabletics and AloYoga, shoemakers and furniture chain stores are all seeking to expand their business by opening physical stores.

People cool off at the seaside in Cannes, France. Xinhua News Agency

　　Sun Xiao also believes that although consumption in France is becoming increasingly online, the commercial value of offline stores cannot be ignored. Stores can provide advertising and offline experience, and retailers’ online image can also be improved by visiting physical stores. In the process of offline shopping, physical stores can reduce delivery costs and enhance consumers’ brand awareness of stores, which makes up for the lack of only online consumption scenarios.

　　A study by Nielsen, a market research organization, also found that online channels are an important means to compare prices, research new products and find physical stores. But in addition, other factors are often ignored, which limits the possibility of maximizing the use of these physical channels by merchants to realize the complementarity of online and offline channels.

　　Is it possible for consumers to keep returning to the offline?

　　Macerich said that the company recently conducted a survey of about 30 largest tenants in the country and found that about 90% of the tenants have not changed their plans to open new stores this year. URW also said that its rent collection rate in the third quarter reached 88%, and the most difficult period may have passed.

　　According to a report released by Forrester2, a market research organization, if 2020 is the outbreak year of online retail in the United States, then 2021 is the outbreak year of offline retail in the United States, and the growth rate of online retail sales will gradually fall back to the pre-epidemic level in the future. It is estimated that by 2027, the total retail sales in the United States will reach 5.5 trillion US dollars, and the total offline retail sales will reach 3.9 trillion US dollars.

　　However, in Zhang Yi’s view, there are many challenges that restrict consumers in Europe and America from returning to the tropic of cancer in the future. One of the major factors is that with the gradual slowdown of epidemic prevention policies, service consumption is gradually increasing, which may squeeze consumers’ demand for commodity consumption.

　　In the hotel industry, Airbnb recently said that the continued high booking price helped the company achieve strong revenue in the second quarter. From April to June, the company’s revenue reached $2.1 billion, a year-on-year increase of 25%. Among them, the number of overnight and experience bookings on the platform reached 103.7 million. Airbnb expects that the revenue in the third quarter will reach the highest level in history. Earlier this week, the hotel giant Marriott Group reported a 70% year-on-year increase in revenue in the second quarter. Last week, the performance of Hilton Hotels Group also exceeded expectations.

　　In the aviation industry, in the second quarter of this year, the parent company of British Airways — — International Aviation Group (IAG) announced its first profit since the outbreak of the new crown epidemic. Air France-KLM, one of the three major European airlines, also announced that its operating profit in the second quarter reached 386 million euros, an increase of 1.139 billion euros over last year. The performance data released by the three major airlines in the United States in the second quarter and the first half of the year show that the revenue and profit rate of the above companies in a single quarter are all record.

Inflation in the euro zone is difficult to suppress in the short term. Source: wind

　　But behind this prosperity, there are also hidden concerns. Sun Xiao told the First Financial Reporter that inflation in Europe and America is high at present, and it is still possible for the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank to adopt more radical monetary tightening policies in the future, which will hit demand. Specifically in the field of consumption, this will be reflected in the impact of residents’ income and the decline in consumption power, which will likely drag down the sales of offline retail.

　　O’Hearn, CEO of Macerich (; Hern) also believes that inflation, rising interest rates and the situation in Ukraine are bringing uncertainty to the economic environment.

　　According to data from retail analysis company Placer.ai, in June, American people’s visits to the outlet center decreased by 6.7%. According to the agency’s analysis, the reason is that the price of gasoline in the United States continues to rise, and residents drive too long to the outlet. Everyone is reluctant to go to the shopping center because they want to save fuel.

　　Recently, Fed officials have intensively released "hawkish" remarks. Mary Daly, president of the San Francisco Fed, said that the Fed’s fight against inflation is "far from complete", which indicates that interest rates will continue to rise. He also said that the major interest rate hikes this year do not mean that the Fed will gradually slow down the pace of interest rate hikes. Loretta Mester, president of Cleveland Fed, and Charles Evans, president of Chicago Fed, said on the same day that the United States may still adopt a relatively tight monetary policy until inflation cools down.

　　When Generation Z shared the intangible bead embroidery sachet in Xiaohongshu, and punched the Putuo Mountain Metaphysical Milk Tea after 00, cross-border innovation has already broken through the industry boundary. There are also undercurrents in the field of medicine and health: Tongrentang sells coffee, Yunnan Baiyao pushes toothpaste, and Pien Tze Huang makes skin care products … Behind the cross-border of these pharmaceutical companies, the mystery of brand breakthrough is hidden. Referring to the latest ranking of medical consulting companies, Kaina Consulting helps Yunnan Baiyao to learn from the classic case of cross-border daily chemical track of pharmaceutical giants, which may uncover the underlying logic of cross-border success of pharmaceutical brands.

　　First, the cognitive break: avoiding the four major traps of cross-border　

　　Cross-border of pharmaceutical brands is by no means a simple OEM. If you are not careful, you will fall into the trap of "brand drift". When Yunnan Baiyao injected the gene of a century-old pharmaceutical company into the toothpaste field, there was no shortage of voices in the industry. However, Kena Consulting’s strategic positioning of "non-traditional toothpaste" made this toothpaste, which can improve gum bleeding, swelling and pain, and oral mucosal injury, tear a gap in the Red Sea market. This case reveals a major principle of cross-border health industry of pharmaceutical brands: brand extension needs to follow the two-way logic of gene inheritance and breakthrough.

　　Myth 1: the brand gene is infinitely extended.　

　　Many pharmaceutical companies saw the popularity of Tongrentang coffee, so they followed suit and launched Lycium barbarum milk tea and angelica facial mask. As everyone knows, brand genes are like the double helix of DNA, which requires both stable inheritance and precise mutation. Yunnan Baiyao Group joined hands with Kaina Consulting to integrate pharmaceutical companies’ genes into the daily chemical scene to launch Yunnan Baiyao toothpaste, which not only retains the endorsement of pharmaceutical majors, but also creates new contacts in consumption scenes, balancing inheritance and breakthrough.

　　Myth 2: SolidKeeping the border is equal to safety.　

　　The obsession that "pharmaceutical companies should focus on treating diseases and saving lives" has caused many old brands to miss the consumption upgrade bonus. Before Yunnan Baiyao cross-border toothpaste, the oral care market in China was monopolized by foreign capital. Kena Consulting, which ranks firmly in the forefront of the ranking of medical consulting companies, guided the market cognition with the positioning concept of "non-traditional toothpaste", transformed the scientific research advantages of pharmaceutical companies into trust assets in the consumer market, and created a "new generation of toothpaste" in China. The data shows that the cumulative sales of Yunnan Baiyao toothpaste has exceeded 70 billion.

　　Myth 3: Cross-border self-eating main business foundation　

　　At that time, the lessons of Sanjiu Group from cross-border wine industry and real estate in medicine were vivid. When Yunnan Baiyao develops healthy consumer products such as toothpaste and facial mask, it always adheres to the core of medical health: toothpaste research and development relies on the strength of medical research, and facial mask ingredients come from medicinal plant bases. The cross-border theory of great health put forward by Kenner Consulting ensures that every extension is within the radiation range of the main business ability.

　　Myth 4: Strategic correctness equals success.　

　　Strategy needs tactical support. For example, under the guidance of strategy, Kena Consulting has built a three-dimensional channel for Yunnan Baiyao, transforming the advantages of drug channels into contact points for daily chemical products. The combination of strategic conception and tactical landing play has become one of the keys to the cross-border success of Yunnan Baiyao toothpaste.

　　Second, the cross-border iron law: the synergy of strategy and tactics　

　　Cross-border medicine is not a game of gambling probability, but a precise strategic project. Kena Consulting, which is outstanding in the ranking of medical consulting companies, showed textbook-level strategic thinking when trading the case of Yunnan Baiyao:

　　Strategic layer: the second curve theory　

　　After the successful launch of toothpaste products, Yunnan Baiyao Marketing Department and Kena Consulting Project Team have always insisted on a more diversified layout of oral care products to create a second growth curve. To this end, Yunnan Baiyao not only extended the population to include pregnant women’s toothpaste, smokers’ toothpaste and children’s toothpaste, but also expanded the product function field, introducing functional products such as BIO toothpaste to improve the functional value of the products. At the same time, the product categories were constantly enriched, and a series of mouth protection products such as mouthwash, toothbrush, dental floss and electric toothbrush were extended, thus realizing the effective integration of resources and the maximum transmission of value.

　　Tactical layer: scene revolution　

　　Traditional pharmaceutical companies are good at treatment scenarios, while consumer medical care needs prevention scenarios. Yunnan Baiyao is not only sold in pharmacies, but also creates theme activities in restaurants, which makes Yunnan Baiyao toothpaste strongly related to eating habits (hemp, spicy, hot) and other scenes. Through scene infiltration, medical and health products are naturally integrated into daily life.

　　Executive layer: building trust chain　

　　A major asset of cross-border medicine is professional trust. Yunnan Baiyao insists on GMP production of pharmaceutical companies, transforming the rigor of drugs into the reliability of consumer goods and promoting the completion of purchase decisions.

　　Third, consulting power: professional empowerment cross-border breakthrough　

　　In the cross-border wave of medicine, the value of professional consulting institutions has become increasingly prominent. Kena Consulting can help Yunnan Baiyao succeed, which stems from three abilities:

　　one、Industry insight　

　　He has been deeply involved in the field of medicine and health for 20 years and has rich industry experience and perfect market research system. For example, through industry insight, it was found that 90% of adults had oral ulcers, swollen gums, bleeding, atrophy and other problems, but traditional moth-proofing and whitening toothpaste could not solve them. This "blank spot" with huge potential demand is precisely the advantage that Yunnan Baiyao toothpaste can fill. Taking toothpaste as the carrier, Yunnan Baiyao was used for oral health care, which made the unique efficacy of Baiyao play a role in soft tissues such as gums and oral cavity, and opened a new era of non-traditional toothpaste in China.

　　2、Strategic design　

　　Construct a cross-border strategy for the medical and health industry, and provide strategic consulting solutions for the whole case, from brand gene diagnosis to product portfolio design and marketing communication. In addition to cooperating with Yunnan Baiyao Group, Kaina Consulting has also planned a healthy and beautiful snack strategy for Dong ‘e Ejiao, which will rejuvenate the traditional tonic.

　　three、Landing execution　

　　With a team of experts in the fields of medicine and consumption, I can not only talk to the management departments of pharmaceutical companies, but also be familiar with the marketing methods of consumer goods. With mature cross-border integration capabilities, it is impossible for a simple advertising company or a medical consulting company to provide.

　　When cross-border becomes a must, pharmaceutical brands need not only courage but also wisdom. Avoiding cognitive misunderstanding, choosing the top professional partners of medical consulting companies and finding a balance between inheritance and innovation can take the lead in the new era of healthy consumption, thus embarking on a successful cross-border road.

On October 14th, 2024, vivo launched, and three new machines. Next, we will introduce the unique charm of these three models and their respective core selling points in detail, and how to choose the three mobile phones is more suitable.

In terms of image, vivo X200 telephoto lens is Zeiss super telephoto IMX882, with 1/2 inch photosensitive area and 100x Zeiss ultra-clear zoom. The unit pixel area is large, it can capture more light in low light, and the high-magnification telescopic image quality is excellent. The telephoto macro can zoom up to 20x, and it can shoot the microscopic world. The main camera is super-sensitive VCS bionic main camera IMX921, 1/1.56 inch, which has strong light capturing ability, clear low-light photography, less noise and high color reproduction, and can cut out the focal length of 50mm gold portrait. Super wide-angle camera adopts Samsung JN1 sensor, with 15mm equivalent focal length, wide field of vision and visual impact when taking pictures. There are also brand-new scenery modes and Live Photo functions. The former integrates multiple modes, while the latter facilitates social sharing.

Performance, the first Tianji 9400 mobile platform, using the second generation TSMC 3nm process technology. The second generation full-core architecture has greatly improved cache configuration and strong GPU performance. Running score far exceeds the current Android flagship, and the measured frame rate of Genshin Impact’s 30-minute running is stable at 60 frames, with an average power consumption of 3.8W.

In terms of battery life, it is equipped with blue ocean battery, and the third generation silicon anode technology is launched, with energy density of 834Wh/L and capacity of 5800mAh. 90W ultra-flash charging, charging 67% power in 30 minutes, the third-party charger can reach about 40W, and the battery discharge is stable at low temperature. The design is simple and exquisite, with a thickness of 7.99 mm.

Full-depth micro-quad design on the front, 6.67-inch screen, high resolution and high pixels per inch, true and accurate color display, 2160Hz high-frequency PWM dimming and full-scene intelligent eye protection function. The camera module on the back has symmetrical DECO design, with four high-end texture colors: sapphire blue, titanium color, Chenye black and Bai Yueguang.

Vivo X200 Pro is a flagship mobile phone that attracts much attention. It was released in October 2024, equipped with Tianji 9400 processor, advanced 3nm process technology, and 12-core architecture design is like many expressways, which makes data processing smoother and more efficient. The running score is 2.91 million, and the performance is excellent. Whether it is running a large game or multitasking, it can maintain stable operation without any jam or delay.

On the screen side, vivo X200 Pro adopts a 6.78-inch full-depth micro-quad AMOLED screen with a resolution of 2800×1260, a standard PPI of 452 and an OLED equivalent PPI of about 370. Support 0.1 to 120Hz adaptive refresh rate, global excitation brightness of 1800nit and local peak brightness of 4500nit. There are also 2160Hz full brightness high-frequency PWM dimming, anti-fatigue brightness level, bionic brightness level, SGS hardware-level low blue light certification, which has passed the professional test of the National Eye Engineering Center, and full-link Zeiss natural color, HDR10+, Dolby Vision, and Zreal frame enjoy ultra-high definition certification are also supported.

Image ability is one of its highlights. The rear camera combination includes a LYT-818 sensor with a 50-megapixel main camera, a 50-megapixel super wide-angle lens and a 200-megapixel Zeiss APO super telephoto lens, which are defined by the blueprint and the combination. The front camera is a 32-megapixel camera. Whether it is magnificent scenery or tiny details, it can be perfectly captured.

The image processing algorithm has been upgraded in an all-round way. By intelligently identifying the scene and optimizing the parameters, the image quality can be effectively improved, making each photo more vivid and realistic. In addition, it also supports 8K full-focus Dolby Vision HDR video recording. AI ultra-clear telephoto algorithm and AI pointing radio technology greatly improve the shooting details and sound quality.

In terms of battery life, it is equipped with a 6000mAh ultra-large capacity blue ocean battery, which is like an energy treasure house, providing continuous power for mobile phones. Even if you use it for a long time, you don’t have to worry about the lack of power. The application of the third generation silicon anode technology further improves the battery performance and can maintain stable battery life even in extremely cold environment. Support 90W ultra-flash charging and 30W wireless flash charging, which can quickly replenish the power in just a few minutes, so that users can bid farewell to the long wait.

Vivo X200 Pro shows the standard of flagship mobile phone in terms of performance, image, battery life and appearance, and is a mobile phone full of innovation and strength.

Vivo X200 Pro mini is a high-profile flagship mobile phone with small screen. It was released on October 14th, 2024 and officially released on October 25th.
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　　Xinhua News Agency, Changchun, August 1st. Title: A 70-year-old man with 109 heroes monuments.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Jin Jinxiu

　　"I want to leave a place for future generations to commemorate the martyrs and let the heroic stories be passed down from generation to generation … …”

　　In Wangqing County, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin Province, there is such a 70-year-old man who persisted for 16 years and rushed to build 109 monuments for the martyrs who sacrificed in this revolutionary land.

　　"Jindalai in the mountains, the monument to the martyrs in every village", now more red seeds take root and sprout at the foot of Changbai Mountain, just like Jindalai flowers all over the mountains, red and hot.

Jin Chunxie paid tribute in front of Dongman Anti-Japanese Heroes Monument in Wangqing County (photo taken on July 20, 2015). Xinhua News Agency reporter Lin Hongshe

　　Monument repairer in revolutionary land

　　["Compared with the martyrs, what is this hard work!" 】

　　The 74-year-old Jin Chunxie is now the director of Wangqing County Committee for the Care of the Next Generation. In 2005, Jin Chunxie retired and did not enjoy the leisure time after retirement. He took the initiative to set up a monument for the anti-Japanese heroes for more than ten years.

　　He can’t forget the scene when he first saw the grave of Tong Changrong, secretary of the CPC East Manchu Special Committee in 2005 — — In the dense forest, small earthen bags less than one meter high are only surrounded by small stones, covered with weeds, and only one’re used for identification. "Tong Changrong went to the Northeast to resist Japan. He died heroically at the age of 27, but he didn’t even have a decent tombstone." Jin Chunxie couldn’t help crying.

　　According to historical records, during the Anti-Japanese War, there were 105 battles in Wang Qing, including 177 tombs of anti-Japanese martyrs and anti-Japanese joint sites, where more than 600 anti-Japanese soldiers were buried. Jin Chunxie found that many young people did not understand this history and could not name the martyrs. So he made up his mind to build a monument for the martyrs, "not to let history break in our generation."

　　I heard that it was a monument to the martyrs, and everyone stepped in to support it. Jin Chunxie often bows and thanks: "I thank you for more than 600 martyrs who died in this hot land!"

　　Jin Chunxie is communicating with the families of several martyrs (photo taken on August 12, 2015). Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Changshe

　　In order to save money, from design to construction, Jin Chunxie personally went into battle, "rubbed" on various engineering vehicles to and from the construction site, and ran more than a hundred times in quarries hundreds of kilometers away. In 2010, Jin Chunxie was infected with hepatitis C, and the side effects of drugs made him sleepless, itchy all over, losing a lot of hair and losing more than 20 kilograms. Even so, he refused to delay the construction period. People around you said they didn’t understand: why did you toss about when you could have spent your old age safely?

　　"Compared with the martyrs who gave their lives, what is my hard work!" Jin Chunxie replied like this.

　　A narrator of heroic stories.

　　[A person "red" a city]

　　In 2011, Tong Changrong Martyrs Cemetery was completed. Driven by Jin Chunxie, the local government accelerated the construction of martyrs’ monuments and anti-Japanese sites. In the past ten years, 109 monuments have been erected on this land that was once stained with the blood of martyrs. And Jin Chunxie has more plans — — Write books and biographies for the anti-Japanese soldiers, and leave the heroic deeds of the heroes and heroes that make people cry for future generations.

　　Jin Chunxie is in front of Tong Changrong Martyrs Monument (photo taken on August 13th, 2015). Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Changshe

　　"Jin Dage gets up at 4 am every day and starts to work. Over the years, he has traveled to more than ten provinces and cities to collect historical materials." Lang Lianfu runs a local iron art company. In 2018, Jin Chunxie found him and mobilized him to create a red picture book together. Lang Lianfu picked up his "old job" and completed four comic books with three other art teachers, all of which were donated to the society for free. "Encouraged by Jin Dage, the more we work, the more energetic we are!" He said.

　　Compile more than 1 million words of historical materials, draw a picture book of the Anti-Japanese War, and shoot a biographical film of heroes and heroes … … Jin Chunxie went around looking for anti-Japanese war veterans and descendants of martyrs, walked more than 20 thousand kilometers and wore out more than a dozen pairs of rubber shoes. Jiao Chunmei, deputy director of the training department of Wangqing Patriotism Education Center, said that at first, volunteers were only old comrades of the Committee, and now three generations from all walks of life have joined, and the team has been growing.

Jin Chunxie passed a wooden bridge while visiting an anti-United secret camp (photo taken on August 12, 2015). Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Changshe

　　In 2015, Jin Chunxie was rated as the national "model of the times"; In 2019, it was selected as "the most beautiful struggler"; In 2021, he was awarded the title of "National Excellent Communist party member" … … Jin Chunxie’s persistence caused strong repercussions in the local area. With the support of the local Party committee and government, Wang Qing excavated red resources, built a patriotic education base and developed a series of red tourist routes, which attracted a large number of tourists from inside and outside the province.

　　"Old Jin Chunxiao is alone ‘ Red ’ A city. " Xu Hailan, member of the Standing Committee of Wangqing County Committee and deputy magistrate, said.

　　Sowers of the Red Faith

　　["Let the red gene continue from generation to generation"]

　　"In 1932, Tong Changrong led the special committee to move from Wangyugou in Yanji County to Macun … …” Before and after July 1st, there was an endless stream of tourists visiting the ruins of Xiaowangqing’s anti-Japanese guerrilla base. At the scene, the 11-and 12-year-old lecturers told the story affectionately, and people gave thumbs up one after another.

This is the distribution map of Xiao Wangqing’s anti-Japanese guerrilla base site (photo taken on August 12, 2015) drawn by Jin Chunxie relying on historical records. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Changshe

　　They come from more than 1,400 young commentators trained locally. For more than a decade, Jin Chunxie has lectured on nearly 100 patriotic education classes in various places and held 21 photo exhibitions on patriotic education for young people.

Jin Chunxie explains the story of the Anti-Japanese War to visitors at the tomb of the martyrs in Tong Changrong (photo taken on August 13th, 2015). Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Changshe

　　Inspired by Jin Chunxie’s red education, in 2010, the fourth primary school in Wangqing County established the first "Tong Changrong Hero Squadron" in Wangqing County. In 2017, with the approval of the National Red Army Primary School Construction Engineering Council, the school was renamed as "Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants Jilin Wangqing Tong Changrong Red Army Primary School". At present, 42 primary and secondary schools in the county have set up heroic squadrons (classes) to carry out revolutionary traditional education.

　　At the beginning of this year, Huang Ruiqi, an art teacher of Luozigou Town Central Primary School in Wangqing County, who was born in the 1990s, joined the volunteer team and participated in many thematic art exhibitions such as anti-union and anti-epidemic. Recently, she grabbed her spare time to create oil paintings, showing the hardships of martyrs climbing the ice and lying in the snow, and praising the great rivers and mountains of the motherland. "Grandpa Jin Chunxie took us into history and let the younger generation understand that a happy life should be cherished and the red spirit should be passed on." Huang Ruiqi said.

　　Compilation of Memorabilia in the History of the East Manchuria Anti-Japanese War, and revision of the new edition of "The Fallen Remains" … … Talking about this year’s work plan, the 70-year-old man is hale and hearty. In order to collect historical materials and better spread Wang Qing’s red story, he not only learned to type with a computer, but also went into the live broadcast room to record a short video.

　　"Let the red gene continue from generation to generation." Jin Chunxie said.

Malignant tumor, commonly known as cancer, is a fearsome disease. Its rapid development and potential lethality always affect the hearts of the public.

Cancer is not a single disease, but a variety of diseases that occur in various organs and tissues of the human body. With the change of lifestyle and environment, the incidence of cancer is increasing year by year. We need to have a deep understanding of its early symptoms and take health precautions.

The formation of malignant tumor is just like the rebellious cells in the body, which proliferate and divide out of control and form a mass that harms the body.

These tumor cells can erode the surrounding tissues and organs, and spread to other parts of the body through the blood or lymphatic system, forming so-called distant metastasis. When malignant tumors appear, they will show the following symptoms:

People with malignant tumors in the body generally have seven manifestations, so pay attention to observation.

1, continuous fatigue and fatigue

Cancer-related fatigue is essentially different from daily fatigue, but it is painful. This kind of fatigue feeling is like a heavy stone, which brings a heavy burden to patients’ physical and mental health.

The patient’s energetic body makes him exhausted, and the persistent fatigue caused by cancer is a complex phenomenon woven by multiple factors.

First of all, the rapid proliferation of cancer cells makes the energy metabolism in the body like a mess, and the "fuel station" that originally provided energy for the body becomes disordered, which makes the energy consumed by the patient’s body increase continuously.

On the other hand, cancer patients are often accompanied by chronic inflammation, which, like an untimely bomb, may trigger an alarm at any time.

The continuous activation of the body’s anti-inflammatory system consumes a lot of body energy until it finally runs out of all energy. To sum up, cancer-related fatigue is stubborn, which weighs on the body and mind of cancer patients and greatly reduces their quality of life.

Therefore, we need to understand it deeply and find effective coping strategies to help cancer patients alleviate their pain and improve their quality of life.

2, itching all over the body

Cancer cells are like a group of uninvited guests. After they break into our bodies, they will release some inflammatory factors and itching mediators. The "gifts" of these uninvited guests not only make people feel uncomfortable, but also stimulate our skin and cause abnormal skin itching symptoms. This itching symptom is like a "storm" on the skin, which makes patients feel unbearable.

3. emaciation

The appearance of cancer cells, like a black hole in the body, constantly devours normal cells and competes for the nutrition of the body. Subsequently, the health of the body goes from bad to worse, just like autumn leaves that are gradually dying, and gradually become thin and fragile.

4. Changes in defecation habits

When suffering from intestinal cancer, patients’ defecation habits often change uncomfortably. They may defecate once a day, and suddenly become several times a day, or even as many as 3-4 times.

However, some patients may experience painful constipation or bloody excrement when defecating. These symptoms can’t help but remind people of sad pictures, but they are the real pain and suffering experienced by patients with intestinal cancer.

5, persistent cough, dysphagia

Thyroid cancer, esophageal cancer, lung cancer and other lesions, once they invade the recurrent laryngeal nerve, will lead to cough, dysphagia and other adverse symptoms.

These symptoms are similar to a cold at the beginning, which often misleads our judgment. However, once the course of the disease exceeds 1-2 months, the tone suddenly changes, coughing continuously or blood in the sputum may reveal the excessive proliferation of tumor cells and have invaded the mouth and throat.

At this time, we must be alert and go to the hospital for detailed examination in time to avoid the deterioration of the condition.

6. Symptoms of growing lumps or lumps

In daily life, the early warning of tumors is often hard and swollen substances in some parts of the body, such as armpits and breasts, which are hard and difficult to dissipate.

When these strange phenomena appear in the body, it is likely that tumor jun has quietly arrived. Therefore, it is wise to do medical examination in time.

7. hoarseness

Abnormal hoarseness requires high vigilance, which may be caused by throat tumor, especially with dysphagia and cough symptoms.

How to prevent cancer?

Cancer prevention is an important public health task, because cancer has a far-reaching impact on individuals and society. To prevent cancer, we need to take various measures, including improving living habits, adjusting diet, strengthening physical exercise, controlling weight, avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol intake.

First of all, improving living habits is the key to preventing cancer. Keeping enough sleep, reducing stress, insisting on proper exercise and avoiding sedentary behavior are all important living habits. These measures help to maintain good health, prevent obesity and strengthen the immune system, thus reducing the risk of cancer.

Secondly, diet also plays an important role in preventing cancer. We should avoid high-calorie and high-fat foods and control the intake of sugar and salt. On the contrary, you should eat more foods rich in fiber, vitamins and minerals, such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains and lean meat. In addition, some studies show that moderate consumption of nuts and olive oil can reduce the risk of certain cancers.

Physical exercise is also one of the important measures to prevent cancer. Proper exercise can help people maintain a healthy weight, enhance the immune system and metabolic rate, thus reducing the risk of cancer. It is recommended to do at least 150 minutes of aerobic exercise every week, such as brisk walking, running and swimming.

Weight control is also one of the important measures to prevent cancer. Obesity has been proved to be associated with many cancers, such as breast cancer, colon cancer and kidney cancer. Therefore, maintaining a proper weight can reduce the risk of these cancers.

Finally, avoid smoking and limit alcohol intake. Smoking is the main cause of lung cancer, while alcohol intake is related to oral cancer, laryngeal cancer and liver cancer.

By avoiding these bad habits, the risk of these cancers can be reduced. To sum up, various measures are needed to prevent cancer, including improving living habits, adjusting diet, strengthening physical exercise, controlling weight, avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol intake.

These measures can not only help people reduce the risk of cancer, but also help to maintain their health and promote the overall health level.

Read the original text

On the morning of June 19th, the 7th issue of Bohong Lecture Hall of Zhonghua Book Company invited Mr. Liu Fengzhu, a researcher at the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of China Academy of Social Sciences, to give a wonderful speech entitled "Looking for the Missing Khitan".

Lecture site

What’s the difference between big characters and small characters in Qidan?

In 916 AD, Yelu Abaoji, the ancestor of Liao Dynasty, proclaimed himself emperor, and the Qidan regime was established. In 960, the Northern Song Dynasty was established, and the second "Southern and Northern Dynasties" appeared in the history of China. Liao Dynasty has some characteristics different from other dynasties in China’s history, for example, its title was changed frequently.

According to the records of the Song people and the research of the people close to them, in 916, Bao Ji proclaimed himself emperor, taking "Qidan" as the national title; In 938, due to the invasion of sixteen prefectures, Emperor Taizong of Liao changed the name of "Qidan" with strong national color to "Liao" in order to win over the Han people in Yanjing. In 983, Emperor Shengzong of Liao changed his country name to "Qidan"; In 1066, Liao Daozong changed the country name to "Liao" until the demise of the Liao Dynasty in 1125. The repeated changes of the title of the Liao Dynasty and the reasons for the changes have always been very important issues in the study of Liao history.

After the establishment of Liao Dynasty, in order to record the national language, Qidan characters and small characters were created. What’s the difference between big characters and small characters in Qidan? Mr. Liu Fengzhu said with vivid but rigorous words: "(Big characters) are not written because they are big, and small characters are not written because they are small. To put it simply, when you are older, you create big characters first, and then small characters. To be more specific, those with strong pinyin are small characters and those with weak pinyin are big characters. To put it simply, a pile of small Khitan characters, one by one Khitan characters. " On-site photos of stone rubbings of Qidan characters and Qidan characters were displayed.

Because the Khitan characters are written in the form of one by one, each word itself is a word, but in the process of writing from top to bottom, this word and the upper words can form new words, and the lower words can also form new words, which is not easy to distinguish between each word, so it is not easy to use. As far as the information found so far is concerned, there is little information in big characters and more information in small characters. The Liao Dynasty always used both big and small characters. The Khitan script was always used in the early Jin Dynasty, and it was not until 1191 that the Khitan script was abolished in the Jin Dynasty.

Left: The Epitaph of Yeluqi written by Khitan; Right:Qidan fine print in Liao Daozong’s mourning book

Where did the Khitans come from? Where did you go?

Where did the Khitans come from? To put it simply, it evolved from Donghu to Xianbei, and some of Xianbei evolved into Qidan. The name "Khitan" was first recorded in the Korean historical book Historical Records of the Three Kingdoms in 378. There are biographies of the Khitan nationality in Wei Shu, Sui Shu and two Tang Shu, which can be used as an important document basis for us to understand the origin of the Khitan nationality.

Where did the Khitans go? Mr. Liu Fengzhu said that after the demise of the Liao Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty occupied the land and people of the Liao Dynasty. The Jin Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty established later recruited a large number of Khitans into the army and sent them to various places. However, the Khitan sergeants sent to various places did not return to their hometown, but settled down in the local area and integrated into the local ethnic groups. The Khitan nationality is like a huge iceberg, constantly hit and finally melted into the sea of Wang Yang.

So, are there any descendants of the Khitans in China today?

In 1996, an expert group composed of China Academy of Social Sciences and China Academy of Medical Sciences determined the genes of Daur nationality and Yunnan A, Mang and Jiang’s surname "I", and compared their genes with those extracted from the skulls and teeth of Qidan people (Ye Lvyu’s family tomb and Ye Lvxu’s family tomb) excavated from Liao tombs, confirming that both of them are descendants of Qidan people. In addition, some people in China (such as some families in Shijingshan District, Beijing) should also be descendants of the Khitan. Where the descendants of the Khitans who were sent to Central Asia and other places are now needs further scientific inspection, which is also a very time-consuming and laborious work.

Daur

Four climaxes in the interpretation of Qidan characters

The demise of the Khitan nationality means the disappearance of the people who speak the Khitan language, and the Khitan characters that record the Khitan language have also lost its use value and gradually disappeared. Previously, academic circles always thought that no paper documents written in Khitan characters had been handed down.

In 2010, Viacheslav Zait, a researcher at the Institute of Oriental Writing (IOM) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, discovered a handwritten literature written in the Khitan characters. This document originally came from Kyrgyzstan and entered Tibet in 1954. This is the only literature in the Khitan language that has been handed down by writing in Khitan characters.

In China, all the information about the Khitan characters are epigraphy materials discovered through archaeological excavations and illegal grave robberies, including bronze mirrors, bronze seals and epitaphs.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the Belgian missionary E. P. L. Kervyn came to Inner Mongolia, China to preach. In 1922, grave robbers discovered the tomb of Liao Xingzong in Walin Mangha, Soboriga Sumu, Bahrain Right Banner, Inner Mongolia. At that time, the area was still under the jurisdiction of linxi county, and the county local government arrested grave robbers. While the grave robbers were being taken away, Kelvin continued to dig in the local area.

On June 21, 1922, Kelvin excavated and unearthed the mourning books of Liao Xingzong and Ren Yi in Qidan. But Kelvin himself can’t make rubbings, so he asked Chinese to copy the words in the book of mourning. Subsequently, Kelvin published the photos of his excavation and the mourning book of Queen Renyi in French in the 1923 issue of Le Catholic de p ‘ekin, No.118, 10th year. This is the first time that the world discovered the Khitan script after it was lost for hundreds of years, which caused a great sensation in academic circles.

In 1930, Tang Yulin, a warlord, made another excavation in the local area, discovered the tomb of Liao Daozong, and unearthed the mourning books of Liao Daozong and Empress Xuanyi written in fine print and Chinese characters respectively. On the wordless tablet in Ganling of the Tang Dynasty in Ganxian County, Shaanxi Province, the Travels of Lang Jun, the younger brother of Daikin Emperor, was also found engraved with the fine print of Qidan (hereinafter referred to as "Travels of Lang Jun"). Four pieces of mourning books unearthed from Liao tomb and The Travels of Langjun constitute the important materials for the initial interpretation of Qidan characters.

Liao Daozong’s book of mourning

The interpretation of Qidan characters experienced four climaxes.

The first climax occurred in 1932-1935. Wang Jingru, Luo Fucheng and Li Dingzhuo were the first scholars to study the Khitan script. Because the mourning books written in Qidan and Chinese were unearthed in Liao tombs, scholars adopted a comparative method to interpret them. Among the five materials, except Lang Jun’s Travels, the other four mourning books are not translated into each other. This brings some difficulties to interpretation. But there are still some corresponding contents, such as the date of death and burial of the emperor and queen, and so on. Wang Jingru also named the minimum reading and writing unit of Khitan fine print as "original word". After repeated comparisons, China scholars initially interpreted the meanings of some small Khitan words, such as year number, branch number, year, month and day. "The three scholars reached roughly the same result in roughly the same way at roughly the same time. It can be said that great minds think alike." Mr. Liu Fengzhu said.

Translation of Langjun Travels in Chinese and Qidan

During 1951-1956, Japanese scholars set off the second climax of the study of Qidan characters, with representatives such as Shiro Murayama, Hiroaki Yamayama, Natsumi Nagata, Matsuo Aidang, Tomura Sukehiro and others. Japanese scholars did not adopt a more brilliant method to interpret the Khitan characters. They didn’t re-recognize the characters, but tried their best to imitate the characters recognized by China scholars in Mongolian and Manchu. Khitan, Mongolian and Manchu belong to Altaic language family, and the pronunciation of some words is consistent. However, Khitan, Mongolian and Manchu are independent languages after all. Although there are some similarities in pronunciation, there are many differences in pronunciation, which cannot be equated. The pronunciations constructed by Japanese scholars for the original characters of more than 100 small Khitan characters were later verified, and only over 30 pronunciations were constructed correctly or nearly constructed. Among them, Shanlu Guangming takes into account the comparison between the Khitan language and Mongolian language, and the fact that there may be Chinese loanwords in the Khitan language, such as "Aijuan" and "Xuanyi" in the Khitan language, so his pronunciation is much more correct than others.

After the 1950s, the world’s interpretation of the Khitan characters was at a standstill. The real turning point came in the 1970s. In 1972, during the May 7th Cadre School, Mr. Liu Fengkun began to study the Khitan characters, and from more than 90 small Khitan characters and more than 100 Chinese characters in Lang Jun Xing Ji, he found a way to interpret the Chinese loanwords in the small Khitan characters to construct the phonetic value of the original Khitan characters, and read the small Khitan characters such as names of people, places and officials, so as to achieve all-purpose communication.

In 1975, the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of China Academy of Sciences (the predecessor of China Academy of Social Sciences) cooperated with Inner Mongolia University to establish the Qidan Character Research Group. Mr. Liu Fengzhu, in combination with other newly unearthed materials of the Khitan script, made a comprehensive interpretation of the Chinese loanwords in the Khitan script, successfully constructed the pronunciations of more than 110 original characters of the Khitan script, and successively interpreted more than 400 words, and analyzed their grammatical relations. This is the third climax of the study of Qidan characters. In 1985, China Social Sciences Publishing House published a study on the fine print of Qidan (16 folio, 800 pages) co-authored by Qingertai, Liu Fengzhu, Yu Baolin, Chen Naixiong and Xing Fuli, which concentrated on the interpretation results of the research group.

1993-2002 was the most active period for the excavation of China Qidan written materials. Due to the progress of archaeological excavation and the prevalence of grave robbery, a large number of Qidan written materials have been unearthed. Since the beginning of this century, literature and history, Yanjing Journal (new), ethnic studies, ethnic languages, Chinese studies and other publications have published articles on the interpretation of Qidan characters. At present, there are 32 small inscriptions on Qidan and 12 large inscriptions on Qidan. After the research and synthesis of the above materials, Mr. Liu Fengzhu published the book "The Compilation of Khitan Characters Research" in Zhonghua Book Company in 2014, which marked the arrival of the fourth climax of the study of Khitan characters. The materials and research results of the Khitan characters discovered in the last century and this century are all summarized in the book Lei Bian, which embodies all the achievements of the interpretation of the Khitan characters in the past 100 years.

Series on the Study of Qidan Characters

The Liao Dynasty once implemented the system of dual country names.

What is the important value of the interpretation of Qidan characters to the study of Liao history? Due to the great progress in the study of Qidan characters in recent years, many puzzles in the study of Liao history can be solved by the interpretation of Qidan characters. Mr. Liu Fengzhu cited two examples: the title of the Khitan, and the title of "Kara Khitan" and dual nationality.

On the title of qidan nationality. "Liao History" records that in 947 AD, "the country name was changed to Da Liao". This sentence itself is not bad, but the term "changing the country name to Daliao" here does not mean changing the country name of Qidan to Daliao, but changing the country name of the late Jin Dynasty to Daliao. Shi Jingtang was once the "son emperor" of Liao Dynasty. After his death, Shi Zhonggui, the emperor who succeeded to the throne, demanded that Liao be called a grandson instead of a vassal. In 947, the Khitan sent troops to destroy the late Jin Dynasty, changed the name of the late Jin Dynasty to Daliao, and put the late Jin Dynasty into the territory of Daliao. This explains why after the Khitan changed its name to Da Liao in 938, there will be a move to "change its name to Da Liao" in 947.

Secondly, on the issue of "Karaqidan" and the dual country name. After the demise of the Liao Dynasty, Yelushi established the Western Liao Dynasty. But "West Liao" is not its own country name, but a name given by historians to distinguish it from the original "Liao". Western Liao was originally called "Karaqidan". In 1956, Mr. Statement proposed that not only the Western Liao Dynasty called itself "Karaqidan", but also the Liao Dynasty called it "Karaqidan", but the reasoning and evidence were not sufficient. At that time, the "History" Supplement of Guangming Daily organized a manuscript to discuss Mr. Statement’s point of view, and Mr. Statement’s defense article was also returned. Now it seems that Mr. Statement’s opinion is correct. The late Professor Liu Pujiang from the Department of History of Peking University, on the basis of Mr. Feng Jiasheng’s research, came to the view that there was no title of "Liao" in the Liao Dynasty. The title of "Liao" was used in sixteen prefectures where the Han people lived, but not in the areas where the Khitans lived.

In 1991, the fine print "Epitaph of Yelv Religion" of Qidan was unearthed, and the writing of "Great Central Qidan Hara" appeared in the epitaph, which once puzzled the academic circles. In 2005, Mr. Liu Fengzhu finally solved this problem from the perspective of dual country number when he was studying the epitaph of Yeluqi, a big character of Qidan.

It is generally believed in academic circles that "Harrah" as a modifier modifies "Khitan", which means "black" and "Harrah Khitan" means black Khitan. Among the first four Khitan characters in the Epitaph of Yeluqi, the first word and the fourth word mean "big" and "country" respectively, so the Khitan character between these two words can’t be a modifier, only a country name. The titles of the Liao Dynasty are only "Qidan" and "Liao", but the word "Qidan" has been interpreted, and the text here can only be "Liao".

So, is the pronunciation of "Liao" just "Harla"? Through the investigation of Mongolian language, Mr. Liu Fengzhu proved with conclusive evidence that the transliteration of "Hara" is the free translation of "Liao" and "Hara Qidan" is the meaning of "Liao Qidan", which proved that the Liao Dynasty had implemented the dual country number system. During the period of 983-1066, both big characters and small characters wrote "Qidan Liao Country", putting "Qidan" before "Liao". After 1066, both big and small characters wrote "Liao Qidan Country" and put "Liao" before "Qidan".

From this, Mr. Liu Fengzhu came to a conclusion: any period when the title of the country is called "Qidan" in Chinese literature is called "Qidan Liao country" in Qidan characters, and "Qidan" is placed before "Liao"; Any period in which the title of the country is called "Liao" in Chinese literature is called "Liao Qidan country" in Qidan characters, and "Liao" is placed before "Qidan".

Many cultural relics with Khitan characters are fakes.

Mr. Liu Fengzhu pointed out that all the items with Khitan characters that can be seen in the market from unknown sources, such as epitaphs, Buddhist scriptures, Buddha statues, gold prints, printed prints, calligraphy, paintings, bronze mirrors, seals, coins, silk fabrics, wooden movable types and copper movable types, are fakes. Especially printed materials such as wooden movable type, people with a little printing knowledge can judge them as fakes. Because movable types are all piled up in a box with the same word, they can be easily picked up. However, movable types on the market are all mixed in a box at sixes and sevens, which does not meet the minimum printing knowledge and must be a fake.

During the Spring Festival of 2007, Beijing Stone Carving Art Museum is going to buy an epitaph with the characters of Khitan from a cultural relic dealer for 60,000 yuan. The museum asked Mr. Liu to go for identification. Mr. Liu knew it was a fake when he saw the epitaph cover. He explained that the Khitan people only had two surnames, the royal family’s surname was Yelu and the queen’s surname was Xiao. The statement of "Yelu" rarely appears in the epitaph of the royal family, and it is generally referred to as "horizontal account". The second line of the epitaph cover is written with "horizontal account", indicating that the owner of the tomb is a royal family, and it is also written with "national uncle", indicating that the owner of the tomb is a descendant. How can a person be both a royal family (surname Yelu) and a descendant (surname Xiao)? Therefore, the epitaph must be a fake.

Without the consciousness of counterfeiting and the ability to distinguish, it is the easiest to be deceived. Mr. Liu Fengzhu admits that he has been cheated himself. Therefore, he warned you that you must first ask about the source of cultural relics when appraising, and all items with unknown origin (ancestral or collected) and Khitan characters are fakes.

Before sudden death, people who died suddenly seemed to be in a very normal state of health. Why did they just leave? Sudden death often leaves infinite regrets for relatives and friends. In fact, sudden death is also a precursor, but friends and relatives around you often ignore it.

1. Repeated gastrointestinal symptoms: check that there is no gastrointestinal disease but frequent diarrhea, which may be caused by myocardial infarction and one of the signs of sudden death. When myocardial infarction occurs, there will be insufficient blood supply in the whole body, which will make the gastrointestinal tract unable to peristalsis and cause indigestion or diarrhea.

2. I often feel tired and tired inexplicably: Some people are full and have not done strenuous exercise, but they are extremely tired. This means that it may be a sign of myocardial infarction, so we should pay more attention to avoiding sudden death.

3. Chest tightness: When the chest frequently has severe contraction and crushing pain, and you feel breathless, you should be vigilant. We should also pay attention to the aggravation of symptoms of those who already have chest tightness. When you often feel chest tightness after exercise, you will feel relieved after rest, which may be coronary heart disease; Chest tightness is often aggravated suddenly, which may be caused by plaque accumulation in the cardiovascular system. Be careful of myocardial infarction caused by plaque rupture and lead to sudden death.

4. Unexplained pain: shoulder, neck, chin, throat and arm pain, which is a warning sign of myocardial infarction and ischemia, because when the information of myocardial ischemia pain is transmitted to the central nervous system of the brain, the pain information will be synchronously reflected in these parts, so you must seek medical attention as soon as possible!

5. Frequent palpitation: Palpitation means that the rhythm of the heartbeat is like beating a drum, or the heartbeat is sometimes fast and sometimes slow. Occasional palpitations are normal, but frequent palpitations may be heart fibrillation, which is caused by injured and anoxic myocardial tissue after myocardial infarction, which may cause sudden death in a short time.

6. Black eyes and numbness of unilateral and bilateral limbs often appear: these phenomena represent that there may be problems with the cerebral vessels, especially when patients with hypertension or coronary heart disease have this symptom, which may also induce myocardial infarction, all of which are murderers who cause sudden death.

7. Night sweats: If you don’t do strenuous exercise, but you are prone to sweating for a long time, this is a warning sign of heart disease, decreased blood output and hyperactivity of sympathetic nerves. Especially before a heart attack, the scalp, neck, back, hands and feet will sweat a lot. You should stop your activities immediately, take medicine immediately, and even call an ambulance to send you to hospital urgently!

8. Frequent dizziness and fainting: In patients with heart disease, if frequent dizziness or even fainting occurs, it may be caused by slow heartbeat or sudden stop, which makes the blood supply in the brain insufficient. Most patients can wake up after fainting, but if they can’t recover, it will easily lead to sudden death.

9. Breathlessness and purple lips: If you are engaged in long-term standing or sedentary work, you should pay attention to those who lead to poor blood circulation. When the pain is accompanied by suffocation, purple lips, cyanosis and decreased blood oxygen, it is necessary to be careful to prevent sudden death caused by pulmonary embolism.

10. Insomnia and being awakened: If you don’t get enough sleep for a long time, it will make your mind and body weak and increase the risk of sudden coronary death. If you are awakened during sleep, it will increase the risk of sudden death at night.

People with family history, cerebrovascular disease, or several cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors should pay special attention to the occurrence of the above symptoms. People without basic diseases should also pay special attention to and seek medical attention in time if they have the above symptoms.

　　Hold a symposium on biological science work
　　　　From April to June, the Science and Health Department of the Planning Bureau of the Cultural Affairs Committee of the State Council and the Planning Bureau of the China Academy of Sciences held three symposiums on biological science work, criticizing the mistakes made by Le Tianyu, the director of the Genetic Selection Laboratory, when he was the chairman of the School Committee of Beijing Agricultural University (1949-1950). The meeting also discussed the status and problems of biological science and exchanged views on future work. The symposium was attended by relevant leaders and experts from Culture and Culture Commission, Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Peking University, Tsinghua University, Agricultural University and North China Institute of Agricultural Sciences. On June 29th, People’s Daily published an article "Struggle for Adhering to the Direction of Biological Science in michurin" written according to the discussion conclusion of the symposium. It is pointed out that Le Tianyu has serious bias and mistakes in empiricism and dogmatism, his arbitrary unscientific attitude and bad academic style, and regards Mi Qiu forest biological science as a whip to hit people, which has caused losses to the national scientific cause. Although this paper criticizes Le Tianyu’s mistakes in this respect, it also thinks that the current situation of biological science in China has reached an intolerable level, and we must fight for adhering to the direction of michurin. To continue to systematically criticize the influence of Morganism on all aspects of old biology, we should not only transform genetics with Michulin biology, but also completely transform all biological departments in China.
　　After the publication of the article, the relevant departments or majors of universities across the country stopped teaching Morgan genetics courses; The research work under the guidance of Morgan school theory was forced to stop, and even the hybrid breeding work that had been achieved was interrupted because it was regarded as Morgan doctrine; Academic journals only published articles of lysenko school, and some geneticists were forced to publish articles against their will. By holding meetings in the name of the government and publishing important articles in party newspapers, supporting one school and suppressing another school has had a very bad influence on the development of genetics and biological sciences.
　　Participate in the scientific investigation of anti-bacterial warfare.
　　From February 29th to March 5th, American planes invaded the northeast and scattered insects and leaves with bacteria for more than 400 times. On March 7th, two vice presidents, Zhu Kezhen and Wu Youxun, published a statement in People’s Daily against the US military’s germ warfare. With the backyard, scientists will be organized to conduct scientific investigations, and the specific tasks will be undertaken by the insect research room of the Institute of Experimental Biology. Ma Shijun and his assistant, who were sent to the northeast for investigation, collected the insect carcasses scattered by American planes in various areas in mid-March, and saw the remains of bacterial bombs and many feathers used to carry germs. On March 29th, at the enlarged meeting of the Executive Board of the World Peace Council, Guo Moruo suggested that the World Peace Council should organize an international committee to investigate the crime of spreading bacteria by the United States in China and North Korea.
　　In mid-June, members of the "International Scientific Committee to Investigate the Facts of Bacteriological Wars in North Korea and China" composed of scientists from Sweden, France, Britain, Italy, Brazil and the Soviet Union arrived in Beijing. Qian Sanqiang, a Chinese physicist, is the liaison officer. Scientists from China Academy of Sciences participated in the investigation. Chen Shixiang, director of the Insect Research Office of the Institute of Experimental Biology, led the staff in the room to identify a variety of insects scattered by US military aircraft and wrote "Some Facts about Insects in the Report of the International Scientific Committee on the Investigation of American Bacteriological War". Zhu Hongfu, together with members of the International Scientific Committee, set off from Beijing in early July and went to northeast China and North Korea for investigation. Botanists Qian Chongzhu, Lin Rong, Hu Xiansu, Yu Dexun and Wu Zhengyi from the Institute of Botanical Taxonomy identified the leaves removed by the US military aircraft, and confirmed the germ warfare crimes of the US military. On August 31st, the signing ceremony of the Report of the International Scientific Committee to Investigate the Facts of Bacteriological Warfare in China and North Korea was held in Beijing. The conclusion of the report is: "People in North Korea and Northeast China have indeed become targets of bacteriological weapons, and the US military has used these weapons in many different ways.". The report affirms a great deal of work done by scientists in China in scientific investigation and analysis. Subsequently, the Special Issue of Anti-Bacteriological Warfare was published by Science Bulletin.
　　Northeast branch established
　　From mid-April to early May, 1951, a five-member delegation led by Vice President Wu Youxun visited Northeast China to discuss the establishment of working relations between the Academy of Sciences and scientific research institutions in Northeast China. The Ministry of Industry of the Northeast People’s Government suggested that the Academy of Sciences set up a metallurgical research institute in Shenyang, and hoped that the Academy of Sciences would set up a branch in the Northeast. On June 9th of the same year, after listening to Wu Youxun’s report, the president’s meeting decided to build the Northeast Branch, and the preparatory office of the Northeast Branch was established on October 13th.
　　On August 28th, 1952, the Northeast Branch of China Academy of Sciences was formally established in Shenyang, with Yan Jici as the president and Wu Heng as the secretary-general. At the beginning of the branch, there were Changchun Comprehensive Research Institute, Industrial Chemistry Research Institute and Physical Chemistry Research Institute, and then metal institute, instrument hall, civil construction institute and forestry soil institute were established one after another. Later, the chemical part of Changchun Comprehensive Institute merged with the Institute of Physical Chemistry to form the Institute of Applied Chemistry, while the Institute of Industrial Chemistry was transformed into the Institute of Petroleum.
　　After the national administrative region was abolished in 1954, the Northeast Branch was also abolished. The Academy of Sciences changed its office in Shenyang.
　　Hold a joint meeting of directors in Beijing to discuss and formulate the work plan for 1953.
　　From September 8 to 26, the Academy of Sciences held a joint meeting of directors in Beijing, and listened to the heads of heavy industry, fuel, textile industry, agriculture, forestry, transportation, health, water resources, education and meteorological bureau of the Military Commission, and reported on the work of each department and their requirements for the research work of China Academy of Sciences. On 26th, the Planning Bureau of the Ding Zan Representative Institute made a report on "Several Opinions on Making a Scientific Work Plan" at the meeting, expounding the purpose of making a scientific work plan, the principles on which the plan is based and the problems that should be paid attention to, analyzing the basic situation and existing problems of scientific work in China, and putting forward some reference opinions on the research tasks of various institutes in Beijing. On January 19th, 1953, the executive meeting of the Academy discussed and adopted the Work Plan of China Academy of Sciences in 1953. The main research work is as follows: 1. Investigation of national natural conditions and natural resources; 2. Cooperate with the scientific research of national industrial construction; 3. Cooperate with the research of agricultural and forestry production practice; 4. Basic research in physics, chemistry, biology, geoscience and sociology. In addition, plans have been made for the promotion of achievements, the organization of academic conferences, the development and adjustment of scientific research institutions, personnel training, compilation and publication, capital construction and financial estimates.
　　Make a resolution on strengthening the study and introduction of advanced science in the Soviet Union
　　On October 24, Guo Moruo presided over an enlarged dean’s meeting to discuss how to strengthen the study and introduction of advanced science in the Soviet Union. Guo Moruo first welcomed and thanked the Presidium of the Soviet Academy of Sciences for adopting a resolution on creative cooperation with scientists in China on October 3rd. After discussion, the meeting made the Resolution of China Academy of Sciences on Strengthening the Study and Introduction of Advanced Science in the Soviet Union. The measures taken are as follows: (1) require all research units to strengthen their research on the scientific achievements of the Soviet Union and put forward suggestions to the relevant administrative departments of the state on adopting the achievements of the Soviet Union in practical work; Immediately start publishing the Soviet Science Series, and the Science Bulletin will systematically introduce the latest achievements of Soviet science; China Academy of Sciences cooperated with the National Federation of Science and Technology, the National Science Popularization and other units to hold exhibitions and lectures introducing Soviet science and scientists; Organize a delegation to visit the Soviet Academy of Sciences, learn from the advanced experience of the Soviet Union, and discuss specific measures for scientific cooperation between China and the Soviet Union.